Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

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OHROZENIE, RIZIKO A NEBEZPEČENSTVO: TEORETICKÉ POJMY A EMPIRICKÝ VÝSKUM NA SLOVENSKU

100%

Bužeková T.

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2019

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tom 26

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nr 1

5 – 18

EN

Although threat has been always a part of human existence, a systematic scientific attempt to study its various forms in relation to society is a rather recent development. After the Second World War the term risk became an important issue in the natural sciences and public discourse. Consequently, it was discussed in the social sciences and humanities, where all concepts of threat had in common the principle that its causes and consequences are represented through social processes. The paper aims to overview the main theoretical notions of threat and the empirical research on the related topics in Slovak ethnology. In the first part of the paper the author offers a brief overview of the ideas which have emerged in sociology and socio-cultural anthropology since the 1960s, with the central notions of risk and danger. The second part of the paper brings an outline of empirical studies in Slovak ethnology and related disciplines. They indicate the social processes which are perceived as threats in Slovak society.

2

System ochrony ludności w Polsce – historia i współczesność

100%

Szmitkowski P.

Colloquium Wydziału Nauk Humanistycznych i Społecznych AMW

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2012

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nr 4

133-156

EN

Protection of civil society in national security system is one of the most important parts of it. Poland became to build some elements of civil defense in the beginning of XX century as a result of 1st World War. Polish system evolved and finally on 2007 transformed to crisic management system, which is still only a small part of similar system in European Union and NATO. Our legal system and organization must be adapted to present threats for political, economy and social system. It’s very important to build new solutions for unpredictable asymmetrical threats connected with every part of our life.

3

Zagrożenia współczesnego Polaka — perspektywa socjopsychologiczna

100%

Laskowska B.

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nr 3

87-96

EN

The world, as well as Poland, can pride itself on its numerous achievements in the aspect of development of science, culture and widely perceived civilization. We use many of these ‘achievements’ on a regular basis, mostly without even a single after-thought that they would not have been available to us if we had been born 2–3 generations earlier. At the same time, the contemporary human-beings seem to be unaware of the high prize that they need to pay for the progress of the civilization as — except for its undisputed benefits — it involves certain degree of inevitable dangers. We cannot pretend that they do not exist or that they do not concern us. We all have to face them to different extents. The dangers that are more or less real for the contemporary Poles can be categorized as ecological, climatic (including the floods or catastrophic hurricanes affecting our country, increasing pollution of the natural environment, lack of room for storing waste or burying the dead), social (including the unemployment — especially the long term one; increasing poverty of the society; on the other hand growing bipolarity of the material statuses, increasing secularization of the society that declares itself as the catholic, one which results in depreciation of many values, norms or ideals; eventually discrimination of every kind of difference), civilisational dangers connected with the progress of technology (diseases such as cancer or allergies, information about the armaments or epidemics in the neighbouring countries, increasing number of the transport accidents; preparations for the construction of the nuclear power plants or the fear of the terrorism present in the world); finally the individual dangers which can be described as deviations. The aim of the author was not only to categorize the present dangers, but to define their real and potential consequences both in the social and individual aspect.

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DÔVERA ALEBO OBAVY? SÚVISLOSTI OCHOTY DODRŽIAVAŤ PROTIPANDEMICKÉ OPATRENIA NA SLOVENSKU

75%

Mrva M.

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2023

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tom 55

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nr 1

109 – 133

EN

Since the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic, the willingness to comply with the Covid-19 related public health measures has been crucial. The aim of our paper was to explore the factors related to the declared level of compliance with the anti-pandemic measures in Slovakia. Our analysis is based on three waves of the How are you, Slovakia? Survey, carried out at the beginning, in the middle and at the end of 2021. Our findings suggest that demographic factors such as gender, age, and education are important in terms of compliance, but the feeling of being threatened by the coronavirus, trust in scientific institutions, and trust in the government can be even more crucial.

5

SIMILARITY, CONTACT, AND POSITIVE ATTITUDES TOWARD: MEDIATION OF SYMBOLIC AND REALISTIC THREATS

75%

Landabur R. , Urzúa A.

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2024

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tom 66

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nr 3

167 - 180

EN

In intergroup relationships, there are different explanations for positive attitudes toward outgroups. The present study examined a model that included some of these explanations that were not considered together previously. Based on the similarity-attraction hypothesis, contact hypothesis, common in-group identity model, and intergroup threat theories, we expected a positive association of perceived similarity and contact quality and quantity with positive attitudes toward Peruvians, with the mediation of perceived symbolic (identity) and realistic (employment) threats. We hypothesized that contact quality would have a stronger link than quantity with positive attitudes and perceived threats. Using data from an open Chilean survey (N = 944), the results supported the relationship of perceived similarity and contact quality and quantity with positive attitudes toward Peruvians, with the mediation of perceived symbolic and realistic threats, except for the association of contact quantity with positive attitudes. As expected, contact quality was linked to more symbolic and realistic threats than contact quantity, but was not related to more positive attitudes. The relative relevance of the predictors and mediator variables for future interventions oriented to improve intergroup attitudes and the limitations associated with the sample and data analysis are discussed.