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Use of TCSC for Active Power Flow Control in the Electric Power System

100%

Hluben D. , Bena L. , Kolcun M.

2012

tom R. 88, nr 8

84-87

The article deals with possibilities of the thyristor controlled series capacitor (TCSC) to control power flows in interconnected electrical power systems. The main goal is to describe the working principle of TCSC and its possible use in the transmission system (TS) and advantages and disadvantages of using of such equipment in the electric power system.

Artykuł dotyczy możliwości sterowanych tyrystorowo układów kompensacji szeregowej (TCSC) w kontrolowaniu przepływu mocy między połączonymi systemami elektroenergetycznymi. Głównym celem jest opis zasad działania układów TCSC, możliwości ich wykorzystania w systemie przesyłowym (TS), oraz wad i zalet użytkowania takiego sprzętu w systemie elektroenergetycznym.

Stem cell biology - a never ending quest for understanding.

94%

Majka M. , Kucia M. , Ratajczak M. Z.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

2005

tom 52

nr 2

353-358

Stem cells (SC) research is an important part of biotechnology that could lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies. A lot of effort has been put to understand biology of the stem cells and to find genes and subsequently proteins that are responsible for their proliferation, self-renewal and differentiation. Different cytokines and growth factors has been used to expand stem cells, but no combination of these factors was identified that could effectively expand the most primitive stem cells. Recently, however, genes and receptors responsible for SC proliferation and differentiation have been described. Ligands for these receptors or these genes themselves are being already used for ex vivo expansion of stem cells and the first data are very promising. New markers, such as CXCR4 and CD133, have been discovered and shown to be present on surface of hematopoietic stem cells. The same markers were recently also found to be expressed on neuronal-, hepatic- or skeletal muscle-stem cells. By employing these markers several laboratories are trying to isolate stem cells for potential clinical use. New characteristics of stem cells such as transdifferentiation and cell fusion have been described. Our team has identified a population of tissue committed stem cells (TCSC). These cells are present in a bone marrow and in other tissues and they can differentiate into several cell types including cardiac, neural and liver cells.