Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

The role of inter- and intralingual factors and compendiums in acquisition of Swedish as a foreign language: the case of Finns learning definiteness and the use of articles

100%

Nyqvist E.-L.

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nr 3

297-327

EN

This study explores the acquisition of definiteness and article use in written Swedish by Finnish-speaking teenagers (n=67) during the three years in secondary school. The studied grammatical phenomena are problematic for all L2 learners of Swedish and are especially difficult for learners, such as Finns, whose L1 lacks expressive definiteness morphologically. The informants produce complex NPs already in their first narratives. The form of NPs poses significantly more problems than the choice of a correct form of definiteness. Hence, it is possible that previous knowledge in English helps informants in the choice of definiteness. The common nominator for problematic expressions is simplification, in both formal aspects and in the relation between form and meaning. Previous research in Sweden has made similar findings. The most central types of NPs build an acquisition explainable by a complexity hierarchy between the different types of NPs. The informants master best NPs without definiteness markers. Definite singulars containing an ending are significantly easier than indefinite singulars, the indefinite article of which is notoriously difficult for Finns learning Swedish as an L2. This acquisition order, however, profoundly differs from the traditional order of instruction of their compendiums.

2

Język a tożsamość etniczna. Kształtowanie się poczucia narodowego młodej polskiej diaspory w warunkach wielokulturowości

72%

Laskowski R.

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nr 16

77-93

EN

More than two million people emigrated from Poland after the accession to the European Union. Most of them were young, and future parents. In the coming years, Polish diaspora will grow by several thousand children born outside of their parents’ homeland. These children will, and already do, face the necessity of reconciling the awareness of their Polish roots with the need to find their place inside the community of the country they live in. Language is the key both to their inherited culture, and to the culture of the host community. Polish, and the language of the dominant society. A generation of diaspora is now growing, that was immersed from birth in two languages and two cultures. It is the task of the parents, of the teachers, and of the Polish state, to make bilingualism the wealth of these children, and of both of their homelands. Well-planned work with parents is necessary, but most of all, an accurate identification of the mechanisms of linguistic interference in the conditions of life in two languages should be thoroughly investigated.

3

Schwedisches, Finnisches und Polnisches in Mika Waltaris historischem Roman 'Karin, Magnustochter'

72%

Mrozewicz B.

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tom 11

16-35

EN

The article is an attempt at analysing the Swedish, Finnish and Polish elements in Mika Waltari’s first historical novel, Karin Månsdotter (1942), which is based on an earlier movie script (1941). The novel describes historical events at the time when Sweden was ruled by King Erik XIV. The story of the king’s life, his efforts aimed at strengthening his position in the country and Sweden’s position in the Baltic Sea region in the 16th century, as well as the connected historical events, are presented with the king’s private life in the background, including his love for a common woman whom he married and made queen of Sweden. The author points out that the novel in question seems to portray historical events somewhat freely. In creating the stories of the main characters, Waltari used unverified sources, such as motives that had been told and retold by common people and some historiographers. This is not the case in his later novels, which are based on verified historical sources. Waltari created a very conventional, highly contrasted image of his female characters: Karin has only positive features, while Catherine the Jagiellonian and her husband John III (the Prince of Finland and later on the King of Sweden) have utterly negative ones.

4

Textual Origins of the Indefinite Article in Swedish

72%

Skrzypek D.

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tom 15

EN

The present paper studies the earliest stages of the grammaticalization of indefinite article in Old Swedish. The study is based on a corpus of Old Swedish texts and uses the model of grammaticalization as proposed by Heine 1997. The article en, etymologically related to the numeral ‘one’, is first used to mark new and salient discourse-referents and its primary function is cataphoric. However, en only fulfills this function when ocurring in a sentenceinitial subject NP. In the course of the grammaticalization, neither the sentence-initial position nor the subject function of the NP are required to present new and salient discourse referents.

5

Tack så mycket! O szwedzkiej grzeczności językowej na przykładzie podziękowania w końcowych sekwencjach rozmowy telefonicznej

72%

Zborowski P.

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tom 12

359-379

EN

.

6

Om det explicita och implicita i två översättningar av August Strindbergs 'Dödsdansen'

72%

Rosińska P.

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tom 12

245-258

EN

.

7

Relative clauses in narrative fiction. Findings from a parallel text in Swedish, German, Latvian, Polish and English

72%

Nau N.

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tom 12

181-195

EN

.

8

Litotypy i litostratygrafia glin lodowcowych plejstocenu dorzecza Wisły

58%

Lisicki S.

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tom T. 177

1--105

PL

Na podstawie analizy wyników badań petrograficznych glin lodowcowych dorzecza Wisły i jego najbliższego otoczenia przedstawiono charakterystyki petrograficzne regionalnych litotypów glin lodowcowych i ich litostratygrafię. Zastosowano procedury weryfikacji statystycznej zbiorów uzyskanych wartości współczynników petrograficznych glin należących do trzech przewodnich litotypów z pięciu profilów stratotypowych. Wykazano odmienność petreograficzną tych litotypów. Wyniki badań pali- nologicznych pozwoliły na określenie pozycji stratygraficznej wszystkich litotypów regionalnych. Umożliwiło to przedstawienie uśrednionej charakterystyki petrograficznej 16 litotypów stratygraficznych glin lodowcowych z dorzecza Wisły i obszarów do niego przyległych. Litotypy te dobrze określają średni skład petrograficzny różnych stratygraficznie glin na całym badanym obszarze. Wykazano, że nie są obserwowane większe różnice składu petro- graficznego żwirów skał północnych (skandynawskich) w odmiennych genetycznie glinach lodowcowych. Petrograficzna analiza składu glin lodowcowych umożliwiła uchwycenie jedynie większej różnicy w zawartości żwirów skał północnych w glinach zdeponowanych przez oddzielne loby tego samego lądolodu. Różnica ta dotyczy dolomitów północnych, dzięki którym można śledzić drogę tzw. "szlaków dolomitowych" w Polsce północno-wschodniej. Stwierdzono, że gliny lodowcowe zawierające powyżej 10% żwiru skał lokalnych są przeważnie starsze od interglacjału mazowieckiego lub leżą na południe od pasa Wyżyn Środkowopolskich. Szerokie uwzględnienie palinostratygrafii umożliwiło zaliczenie zbadanych glin dorzecza Wisły do ośmiu zlodowaceń: narwi, nidy, sanu 1, sanu 2 (wilgi), liwca, krzny, warty i wisły. Na podstawie badań glin lodowcowych wyciągnięto wnioski dotyczące grubości lądolodu skandynawskiego w czasie poszczególnych nasunięć i przyczyn zmian klimatu po interglacjale mazowieckim. Wyznaczono przybliżony zasięg kolejnych nasunięć lądolodu skandynawskiego i wiek największego zlodzenia dorzecza Wisły przypadający na starszy stadiał zlodowacenia sanu 1. Znajomość składu petrograficznego frakcji drobnożwirowej skał północnych i ogólnej petrografii skał podłoża na obszarze Fennoskandii umożliwiła ustalenie trzech głównych kierunków nasuwania się lądolodu, a także trzech możliwych centrów zlodowaceń i prześledzenie zmian ich położenia w Skandynawii. Litotypy glin lodowcowych dorzecza Wisły i obszarów do niego przyległych charakteryzują trzy prowincje petrograficzne: szwedzką, botnicką i fińską.

EN

There were presented petrographical characteristics of the regional lithotypes of tills and their lithostratigraphy on the basis of the petrographical studies of tills of the Vistula drainage basin area and its vicinity. There were used procedures of the statistic verification of the seriess of received values of the petrographic coefficients of tills belonging to the three leading lithotypes from sections of five stratotypical boreholes. Petrographic dissimilarity of these lithotypes was shown. Results of palinological analysis from this area let to define stratigraphic position of all regional lithotypes. It made possible to present an average petrographical characteristics of 16 stratigraphic till lithotypes of the Vistula drainage basin area and its vicinity. These lithotypes define well a medium petrographical composition of stratigraphicaly different tills on the whole explored area. It was shown that bigger differences of petrographical composition of gravels of northern (Scandinavian) rocks in different genetic kinds of tills are not noticed. Petrographical analysis of composition of tills made possible to get the only bigger difference in content of gravels of northern rocks in tills deposited by separate lobes (glacial streams) of the same ice sheets. This difference applies to the northern dolomites, thanks to which it is possible to watch the way of so-called "dolomite-rich patches" in northeastern Poland. It was stated, that tills containing over 10% of gravel of local rocks are usually older than the Mazovian Interglacial or are situated to the south from zone of the Mid-Polish Uplands. Broad regard of palinostratigraphy made possible to count explored tills of the Vistula drainage basin area to the 8 glaciations: Narevian, Nidanian, Sanian 1, Sanian 2 (Wilga), Liwecian, Krznanian, Wartanian and Vistulian. On the basis of the studies of tills there were drew to conclusion: thickness of Scandinavian ice sheet during particular invasions and reasons of climate's changes after the Mazovian Interglacial. Approximate range of particular advances of Scandinavian ice sheets and age of the biggest glaciation of the Vistula drainage basin area was marked, which falls to the older stadial of the Sanian 1 Glaciation. Knowledge of the petrographical compositions of fine-gravelly fraction on northern rocks and general petrography of basement rocks on the Fennoscandia area made possible to present three main directions of ice sheet advances and also three possible centres of glaciation and investigation of their position changes in Scandinavia. Tills lithotypes of the Vistula drainage basin area and its vicinity were counted to three petrographical provinces: Swedish, Bothnian and Finnish.

9

Kultivace (standardního) jazyka

51%

Nekvapil J.

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nr 4

287-301

EN

This paper outlines the basics of the Prague School concept of language cultivation and main features of how it has been put into practice in the Czech Republic, and compares this approach with current language planning in Sweden. The paper aims at (1) placing the Prague School concept of language cultivation within the framework of international sociolinguistics, (2) pointing out that this concept contributes only partially to solving the language problems of contemporary societies, (3) outlining the possibilities of language cultivation in the post-modern era, while paying attention to language standardization, de-standardization and management. The author argues that the access of the Czech Republic to the EU will change the language situation of the country including the focus of and attitudes toward language planning.