Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Ecosystem services for meeting sustainable development goals: Challenges and pathways

100%

Huq N.

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tom 2

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nr 1

EN

The paper summarizes four presentations of the session “Environment and Wellbeing: The Role of Ecosystems for Sustainable Development” at the international conference “Sustainability in the Water- Energy-Food Nexus” held on 19-20th May 2014 in Bonn, Germany. The aim of the session was to present current stresses on ecosystem services imposed by global development trajectory, potential impacts on future Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and pathways to achieve SDGs. All four presentations agreed that global ecosystem services are under increasing pressure from degradation and may not be able to meet the growing Water-Energy-Food (WEF) demands especially for the developing world. Three examples from Tanzania, Cambodia and Niger made attempt to understand how government policies attributed to natural resource depletion such as forestry and common grazing. The examples showed that institutional policies favoring economic development contributing heavily to clearing up natural resource bases. As a result, there were increasing conflicts among different resource user groups. Two other presentations introduce conceptual pathways to achieve the targets of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) under current resource stressed regime. The pathways suggested global technologies, decentralized solutions and consumption changes as the major means of achieving global sustainability and poverty eradication without any major trade-offs.

2

Ecosystem services for meeting sustainable development goals: Challenges and pathways

100%

Huq N.

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tom 2

|

nr 1

EN

The paper summarizes four presentations of the session “Environment and Wellbeing: The Role of Ecosystems for Sustainable Development” at the international conference “Sustainability in the Water- Energy-Food Nexus” held on 19-20th May 2014 in Bonn, Germany. The aim of the session was to present current stresses on ecosystem services imposed by global development trajectory, potential impacts on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and pathways to achieve SDGs. All four presentations agreed that global ecosystem services are under increasing pressure from degradation and may not be able to meet the growing Water-Energy- Food (WEF) demands especially for the developing world. Three examples from Tanzania, Cambodia and Niger made attempt to understand how governance policies attributed to natural resource depletion such as forestry and common grazing. The examples showed that governance policies favoring economic development are heavily contributing to clearing up natural resource bases. As a result, there were increasing conflicts among different resource user groups. Two other presentations introduce conceptual pathways to achieve the targets of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) under current resource stressed regime. The pathways suggested global technologies, decentralized solutions and consumption changes as the major means of achieving global sustainability and poverty eradication without any major trade-offs.

3

Interactive exercises and games for sustainable development goals: How to develop sustainability competencies in higher education?

100%

Kozak O.

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tom 31(3)

81-91

EN

The article is dedicated to the idea of including Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in any discipline in higher education for the development of sustainability competences. The article analyses possible interactive exercises and games for all 17 SDGs. It also includes the analysis of sustainability competences provided by each game or exercise, as well as disciplines in which it can be used. This author recommends using interactive exercises and games for SDGs in higher education as effective and powerful instruments for promoting sustainability issues and developing students’ competencies.

4

LET US WALK THE TALK: THE RIGHT TO SOCIAL SECURITY AND SOCIAL PROTECTION – THE CASE FOR A NEW INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION

75%

Cichon M.

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nr 1(15) ENG HOW DECENT WILL BE WORK IN THE FUTURE? CENTENARY OF THE INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION

31-36

EN

The human right to social security entered into international law in the middle of the last century. In 2012 the International Labour Conference took the latest step towards the concretisation of this right when it adopted its recommendation No. 202 (R202) concerning national floors of social protection. Shortly thereafter, in 2015, the global community of nations adopted the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) which contain a comprehensive social protection agenda. Together, these two instruments set clear global objectives of social protection accessible to all people. It is argued here that the ILO or the UN have to take the next step and transform “soft” instruments of recommendation and goals into “hard” ones and develop a new convention on universal access to at least floor of social protection to a create true safeguard for the right to social security and make it more difficult to reverse achieved social progress.

5

A global perspective on the value of multi-level analysis as an enabler for achieving SDGs

63%

Ndugwa R. , Mwaniki D.

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tom 30

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nr 2

33-44

EN

With more than 50 percent of the global population living in urban areas, Sustainable Development Goal 11 on Sustainable Cities and Communities provides a critical lever for us to realise all other SDG goals. This calls for tracking urban spatial development at various levels to facilitate a better understanding of the role, amongst others, of remote sensing data in the field of sustainable urban development and services of general interest to be provided by authorities. Urbanisation patterns may thus be retraced, but also modelled in order to provide evidence for decision makers. Without proper planning, the spatial impacts of urbanisation and subsequent spatial inequalities are more likely to affect disadvantaged groups most. In the last decade of the SDGs, the use of data to inform policies is very critical, and such evidence needs to be anchored in multi-level analysis and ensure vertical and horizontal applications at all governance levels.

6

Relations between UN Sustainable Development Goals and Societal Security. Part 1

63%

Kęsoń T. , Gromek P.

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2021

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tom Nr 78 (tom 2)

103--126

EN

Sustainable development is one of the key directions in ensuring security all over the world. The article presents results of literature research on the relationship between the goals of sustainable development and societal security, which significantly relates to the most important utilitarian values. The focus was on the first six goals, i.e. ‘no poverty’, ‘zero hunger’, ‘good health and well-being, ‘quality education’, ‘gender equality’ as well as ‘clean water and sanitation’. As a result of exploring the Web of Science® Data Collection database, we obtained 46 articles as the basis for our basic literature research. The authors’ interest in the subject of sustainable development varied in the light of societal security. In most cases, indirect relationships between the objectives in question and societal security have been identified. They shape the environment of societal security hazards, including the cascading effect of their development.

PL

Zrównoważony rozwój to jeden z kluczowych kierunków zapewniania bezpieczeństwa na całym świecie. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań literaturowych dotyczących relacji występujących pomiędzy celami zrównoważonego rozwoju a bezpieczeństwem powszechnym, które istotnie nawiązuje do najważniejszych wartości utylitarnych. Skupiono się na pierwszych sześciu celach, tj. ‘brak biedy’, ‘zero głodu’, ‘dobre zdrowie i samopoczucie, ‘jakość edukacji’, ‘równość płci’, a także ‘czysta woda i warunki sanitarne’. W wyniku eksploracji bazy Web of Science® Data Collection otrzymaliśmy 46 artykułów, jako podstawę do zasadniczych badań literaturowych. Odnotowano zróżnicowanie zainteresowania autorów tematyką zrównoważonego rozwoju w świetle bezpieczeństwa powszechnego. W większości przypadków zidentyfikowano relacje pośrednie pomiędzy przedmiotowymi celami a bezpieczeństwem powszechnym. Kształtują one środowisko występowania zagrożeń bezpieczeństwa powszechnego, w tym w ramach efektu kaskadowego.

7

Assessment of Sustainable Development Using Cluster Analysis and Principal Component Analysis

51%

Drastichová M. , Filzmoser P.

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tom Vol. 14, nr 2

7--24

EN

The European Union (EU) Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) indicator set replaced the EU Sustainable Development Strategy (SDS) in 2017. The selected indicators of this set were chosen for the analysis to classify the sample of the 28 EU countries along with Norway according to their performance in sustainability. In the selection of indicators, priority was given to the indicators reflecting the social dimension of SD, along with important representatives of the economic, ecological and institutional dimensions of SD generally. Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were applied to the data of 12 indicators in the period 2012- 2016. By means of the HCA, four clusters were created in each year of the period 2012-2016 using the indicator values of particular years and then using all the indicator values in all the monitored years for the general assignment of countries to particular clusters. According to changes in the assignment to particular clusters over the years, the sustainability of development and the path of SD in the examined countries are assessed. As regards the core countries of each cluster, cluster 1 includes the most developed EU countries and is thus evaluated as the best performing cluster. Cluster 2 including the least developed EU countries is evaluated as the worst performing cluster. Cluster 3 predominantly includes the transitive economies and it is evaluated as the second best performing cluster according to the indicators applied. Cluster 4 containing the Southern countries is assessed as the second worst performing cluster. From the shifts of countries that occurred between the years, the shift of Ireland from cluster 3 to cluster 1 in 2013 must be emphasised as the move towards higher sustainability. The shift of Slovakia and Hungary from cluster 2 to cluster 3 in 2013 is also evaluated as progress towards higher sustainability.

PL

W Unii Europejskiej w 2017 r. Cele zrównoważonego rozwoju zastąpiły dotychczasową Strategię zrównoważonego rozwoju. W tej pracy wybrane wskaźniki odnoszące się do nowych Celów zrównoważonego rozwoju stanowią podstawę klasyfikacji 28 krajów Wspólnoty oraz Norwegii. Wśród tych wskaźników priorytetowo potraktowano te odnoszące się do wymiaru społecznego zrównoważonego rozwoju, uzupełniając dyskusję o podstawowe wskaźniki ekonomiczne, ekologiczne i instytucjonalne. Przeanalizowano okres obejmujący lata 2012-2016. Wobec wybranych 12 wskaźników zastosowano hierarchiczną analizę skupień i analizę głównych składników. Utworzono cztery klastry w ramach każdego roku z analizowanego okresu, określając wartości wskaźników dla poszczególnych lat, a następnie określenie wszystkich wartości wskaźników dla wszystkich monitorowanych lat umożliwiło przypisanie krajów do poszczególnych klastrów. Określenie zmian w przypisaniu do poszczególnych klastrów na przestrzeni lat umożliwiło ocenę zrównoważoności rozwoju i określenie ścieżki zrównoważonego rozwoju badanych krajów. Jeśli chodzi o główne kraje każdego klastra, to klaster 1 obejmuje najbardziej rozwinięte kraje UE i dlatego jest oceniany jako klaster, który osiąga najlepsze wyniki. Klaster 2 uwzględnia najsłabiej rozwinięte kraje i oceniony jest jako ten, który osiąga najgorsze wyniki. Klaster 3 obejmuje głównie gospodarki znajdujące się w okresie przejściowym i jest oceniany jako drugi osiągający najlepsze wyniki. Klaster 4 obejmuje kraje Południa i jest oceniany jako drugi osiągający najgorsze wyniki. Uwzględniając zmiany jakie zaszły w okresie kolejnych lat, należy podkreślić przesunięcie Irlandii z klastra 3 do klastra 1 w 2013 r., co oznacza ruch w kierunku większej zrównoważoności. Tak samo należy ocenić przejście w tym samym roku Słowacji i Węgier z klastra 2 do klastra 3.