Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Jan Karski i jego korespondencja z Instytutem Polsko-Skandynawskim w Kopenhadze

100%

Kruszewski E. S.

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2015

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nr 3

339-359

EN

This paper presents an exchange of letters between the Polish-Scandinavian Research In stitute in Copenhagen and the Polish hero Jan Karski, Washington, DC. The Institutein Copenhagen, represented by its director (Eugeniusz S. Kruszewski), scientific secretary (Józef Parnas) and members of the management (Tadeusz Głowacki, Jørgen Mogensen), began to correspond with Jan Karski in 1986, and received a final letter from him in 2000. The main object of the correspondence was cooperation with the Polish-Scandinavian Research Institute in the area of World War II and the extermination of Jews in German-occupied Poland. We mediated between people from Germany, France, Great Britain and the USA who expressed their opinions about the Claude Lanzmann movie „Shoah”, and World War II reality in Poland during German occupation. Jan Karski visited Denmark and Sweden in 1988, and his lectures and interviews were very successful. It was a very fruitful collaboration

2

Olbrzym pod drzwiami

100%

Nawrot R.

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tom Nr 11

48--50

PL

Gdyby Szwed, Fin, Kanadyjczyk albo mieszkaniec Alaski usłyszeli o tym, że wielki łoś wszedł do centrum handlowego w Warszawie, tylko wzdrygnęliby ramionami. „Też mi nowina, łoś w sklepie...To zupełnie normalne!”.

3

Spatial relationship in interaction between glacier and permafrost in different mountainous environments of high and mid latitudes, based on GPR research

100%

Dobinski W. , Grabiec M. , Gądek B.

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tom Vol. 55, No. 4

375-388

EN

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) surveys were conducted on both the glaciers and their forefields in the Tatra Mountains, Northern Scandinavia and on Spitsbergen – between the 49 degrees and 77 degrees latitudes. The results show that the glacial and periglacial environments interpenetrate. Permafrost is present in the glacier, and glacial ice may occur in the periglacial environment. What is common for both the environments is the perennial melting point surface, with the temperature close to 0°C. In the glacier it is the boundary of the cold-temperate transition surface and on the forefield – permafrost base.

4

Probable two-layered permafrost formation, as a result of climatic evolution in mountainous environment of Storglaciären forefield, Tarfala, Northern Scandinavia

88%

Dobiński W. , Glazer M.

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nr 2

5

Regulace vesnického osídlení a krajiny ve středověké a novověké severní Evropě

75%

Dohnal M.

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nr 3

279-308

EN

The paper is aimed at regulated medieval settlements in Scandinavia (named mostly, although not always correctly solskifte). These systems comprehend green villages and row villages as well as regular chessboard-like field arrangements. In these systems each farmer had strips in each furlong. The location of his strip within the furlong was constant in relation to that of other farmers and was determined according to the sequence of houses in the village, counting with reference to the apparent course of the sun across the sky and beginning mostly in the south and east. Widths of the house plots were proportional to fiscal assessment of their farmsteads. For further description of those concepts see English references. Recent research in the Czech Republic revealed signs of applying similar planning principles. This is especially the case of the village of Nová Lhota, founded probably in the first half of the 16th century. Ordering of field strips mirror here the sequence of house plots in the village. Better understanding of genetic links between Scandinavian concepts of medieval landscape planning concepts and similar principles found in central Europe is thus the major task of future research.

6

A historical perspective on the conditions for the rise of far-right parties in Scandinavia

75%

Zimelis A.

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tom 13

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nr 2

EN

Subject and purpose of work: This article analyzes the factors depicted in the literature as essential for the emergence of far-right parties and assesses the importance of unemployment, immigration and political establishments in the failures of the far-right wing parties in Sweden and Finland in early 2000s. Materials and methods: Multi-methods approach is used in this study including case studies and a novel technique based on Boolean algebra. Results: The findings of this paper lead to the conclusion that the correlation between unemployment rates and the electoral strength of far-right parties is weak and does not support simplistic thesis such as high unemployment leads to extremism. Moreover, despite objectively favorable conditions in terms of high immigration rates, the presence of non-European immigrants in a country does not in itself explain the emergence of far-right parties. Conclusions: The study points to the importance of political factors such as the differences between the mainstream parties and tackling the immigration issue by the Liberal Party in Sweden and the wide ideological span of the coalition government and the role of Finland’s special relationship with the USSR that militated against the emergence of far-right parties in these countries.

7

O interpretacji etnicznej wczesnośredniowiecznych pochówków elitarnych. Skandynawowie w państwie pierwszych Piastów i na Pomorzu?

75%

Sikora J.

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nr 54

61-96

PL

This paper discusses two groups of early medieval burials associated with the elites of the Piast state and Pomeranian duchies: chamber graves and graves with stone constructions. Features associated with the first group appear in the Piast state and in Eastern Pomerania in the fourth quarter of the 10th century, while in Western Pomerania in the second half of the 11th and in the 12th centuries. Some, especially dating from the 10th and 11th centuries, were interpreted by Polish archaeologists as material traces of the migration of Scandinavians. A similar interpretation was also presented with reference to the graves with stone constructions, known mainly from the areas of Mazovia, Podlasie and Central Poland, where they appeared from the turn of the 10th and 11th centuries, but mainly from the second quarter of the 11th century. Previously, these graves were considered typical of the ethnic Polish (or particularly Mazovian) population. This article is an attempt to critically review these interpretations in the light of an analysis of burials and burial sites, primarily with respect to modern theories of ethnicity and archaeology as a cognitive discipline in the field of ethnic studies. The analysis presented tends to consider at least some of these graves as burials of local elites, and challenges or questions the possibility of their identification as burials of Scandinavians in the current state of research.

8

Państwo pracy w Skandynawii – między ciągłością a zmianą

75%

Anioł W.

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tom 41

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nr 4(481)

1-8

EN

The article is devoted to labour market and social security changes in Scandinavia, especially in Denmark, from the early 1990s to the 2000s. During this period traditional active labour market policies (ALMPs) of the Nordic countries were reshaped by workfare reforms. The suggested more universal transition from the “Keynesian welfare state” to the “Schumpetarian workfare regime” is used as a framework to discuss recent tendencies in these countries. The author argues, however, that fundamental elements of the egalitarian Nordic welfare states have not been replaced by a new system, despite introduction of stronger control of unwanted bahaviour of unemployment benefit recipients through work first policies.

PL

Artykuł jest poświęcony zmianom w dziedzinie rynku pracy i zabezpieczenia społecznego w Skandynawii, zwłaszcza w Danii, w okresie od początku lat 90. po lata po roku 2000. Tradycyjne aktywne polityki rynku pracy (ALMP) krajów nordyckich podlegały wówczas przekształceniom w ramach reform wprowadzanych pod hasłem workfare. Tendencje te omówiono w kontekście sugerowanego bardziej powszechnego procesu przechodzenia od „Keynesowskiego państwa opiekuńczego” do „Schumpeterowskiego reżimu workfare”. Autor twierdzi wszakże, iż fundamentalne elementy egalitarnych nordyckich państw dobrobytu nie zostały zastąpione przez nowy system, pomimo wprowadzanej większej kontroli nad niepożądanymi zachowaniami odbiorców świadczeń z tytułu bezrobocia, czemu służą działania podejmowane pod hasłem „po pierwsze praca” (work first).

9

From Folklivsforskning to European Ethnology and Anthropology, and Back: Swedish Ethnology in the 19th through 21st Centuries

75%

Woitsch J.

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nr 3

224 - 235

EN

The chronologically approached essay outlines the development of Swedish ethnology from its amateur beginnings through establishing the museum and university scientific discipline in the 19th and the first half of the 20th century. Great attention is paid to the essential modernization of the discipline by Sigurd Erixon, which had all-European impact through the theoreticalmethodological formation of the comparative all-European ethnology´s concept, as well as to the subsequent processes of sociologization and anthropologization of the discipline in the 1970s and 1980s, and the shift in the Swedish ethnologists´ focus from the study of the past to current social problems. The contemporary situation in Swedish ethnology, the example of which the so-called Lund School is, is described as a convergence of cultural-historical and anthropological approaches and the discipline is considered to be one of the most progressive in the all-European context. The essay mentions several profiling personalities of Swedish ethnology from the 19th century to date as well as key works, and it describes the past and the contemporary institutional basis of the discipline.

10

Okucia z wczesnośredniowiecznego grodu w Miliczu

75%

Kolenda J.

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nr 1-2

129-141

EN

Excavations of the early medieval stronghold at Milicz in Lower Silesia revealed, in a layer of burning dated from the end of the 10th to the mid 11th c., an extensive group of luxury items associated with ethnically foreign elites of the Piast state. Of particular interest is a set of objects made of non-ferrous metals, including gilded silver artifacts combining heart-shaped and palmette motifs in the decoration. The fittings must have decorated an ornamental belt, horse harness or bag. The assortment and execution of objects from this set, which is of considerable value from a Lower Silesian perspective, can be referred to artifacts known from the great centers of the Piast domain, such as Gniezno and Lednica; it thus highlights the position held by Milicz and its importance in the contemporary state.

11

Wzdłuż marginesów. Marginal Modernity Leonarda F. Lisiego

71%

Jauksz M.

Forum Poetyki

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2015

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nr 2

120-129

EN

The topic of this review, Leonard F. Lisi’s book Marginal Modernity. The Aesthetics of Dependency from Kierkegaard to Joyce, is an ambitious attempt to reconstruct the cartography practiced by scholars of European modernism. Examining the northern periphery of the continent, Lisi tries to show how an aesthetics of dependency, formulated within the philosophy of Søren Kierkegaard, was disseminated in Western literature, chiefly through the reception of Henrik Ibsen’s plays, influencing the perception of art, humanity, and our place in the world in the works of such artists as Henry James, Hugo von Hofmannsthal, and Rainer Maria Rilke.

PL

Przedmiot recenzji, książka Leonarda F. Lisiego Marginal Modernity. The Aesthetics of Dependency from Kierkegaard to Joyce, jest ambitną próbą rekonstrukcji kartograficznych praktyk badaczy modernizmu europejskiego. Wskazując na północne peryferia kontynentu, Lisi stara się ukazać, w jaki sposób sformułowana w obrębie filozofii Sørena Kierkegaarda estetyka zależności (the aesthetics of dependency), gównie za sprawą recepcji dramatów Henrika Ibsena, rozprzestrzeniła się w literaturze Zachodu, wpływając na sposób pojmowania sztuki, człowieka i jego miejsca w świecie w dziełach twórców takich jak Henry James, Hugo von Hofmannsthal czy Reiner Maria Rilke.

12

BOOK REVIEWS Philologists: Scholars or Politicians? David L. Hoyt and Karen Oslund, (eds.), The Study of Language and the Politics of Community in Global Context.

63%

Kamusella T.

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nr 3

327-333

13

Kształtowanie się zbiorowości polonijnej w Islandii

63%

Raczyński R.

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2014

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tom 11

339-351

EN

The article in a general way presents the shaping of the process of migration from Poland to Iceland and the determinants and contributing factors of this pro-cess. It is noted that Polish community in Iceland is the youngest Polish community in Scandinavia and one of the youngest Polish community in the world. Although the beginnings of Polish settlement on the island dates back to the interwar period, a more numerous Polish diaspora in Iceland was formed only in the 90s of the twen-tieth century, and its current face is mostly the result of the influx of Polish immi-grants to this country, which took place after 2006, as a effect of the opening of the Icelandic labor market for Polish workers. It is estimated that currently in Iceland lives around nine thousand Poles.

14

Herder, Grundtvig, Dahl - twórcy idei narodowego romantyzmu w architekturze i sztuce skandynawskiej

63%

Kopacz J.

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tom nr 22/2

139--150

PL

Treść artykułu dotyczy wpływu działaczy nauki i sztuki XIX wieku takich jak: Johann Gottfried Herder, Nicolai Frederik Severin Grundtvig oraz Johan Christian Dahl na twórczość architektów skandynawskich w okresie od wojen napoleońskich po wiek XX. W artykule tym poruszony jest ponadto temat takich wątków w architekturze jak historyzm w postaci neogotyku oraz charakterystycznych dla Narodowego Romantyzmu motywów folklorystycznych i mitologicznych w architekturze i sztuce tego okresu.

EN

The article talks about the influence 19th-century scholars and artists, such as Johann Gottfried Herder, Nicolai Frederik Severin Grundtvig and Johan Christian Dahl, had on the works of Scandinavian architects in the period from the Napoleonic Wars until the 20th century. The article goes on to describe also such traits in architecture of the epoch as historicism in the form of the neo-gothic style as well as folk and mythological motives found in the National Romantic style.

15

Fluctuating asymmetry and inbreeding in Scandinavian gray wolves (Canis lupus)

63%

Wiig O. , Bachmann L.

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nr 3

EN

We investigated fluctuating asymmetry in 13 traits of the skulls and jaws of historical and contemporary populations of Scandinavian gray wolves (Canis lupus). We hypothesized that there is a higher level of fluctuating asymmetry in the inbred contemporary population than in the historical population. Our analyses did not detect any difference in the level of fluctuating asymmetry as predicted. We propose different explanation for this lack of change in fluctuating asymmetry. It is assumed that a large number of studies have failed to find a positive correlation between the level of genetic stress and developmental instability and have therefore never been published, which hampers a good understanding of fluctuating asymmetry as an indicator of developmental instability. The current study is thus important in this context. The gray wolf population in Scandinavia is characterized by an extreme bottleneck followed by two and a half decades of strong inbreeding, but no associated change in fluctuating asymmetry is detected.

16

Idee i wzorce muzyczne luteranizmu w zderzeniu z kulturą ludową

63%

Nawrocka-Wysocka A.

Aspekty Muzyki

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2011

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tom 1

141-155

EN

The clash of Lutheranism with traditional culture is the subject of research by contemporary Scandinavian hymnologists, who propose a creation of a separate research discipline: ethnohymnology. The use of traditional historical methods and those borrowed from anthropology and ethnomusicology allows for observation of normative and unchanging ideas (i.e. contained within sources of ideas and patterns) on one hand, and dynamic elements transmitted by oral tradition on the other. According to Martin Luther’s presumptions, an excellent and widespread model of music should be a monophonic religious hymn inspired by Gregorian chant, pre-Reformation church hymns, and German folk songs. A huge role in the dissemination of such a repertoire among the common people was played by songbooks used during individual and family prayers. For local communities, they were almost relics that were not parted with both in everyday life and during holidays. Most often, the songbooks contained no musical notation, so people were learning the melodies of the songs by ear during church services, or at home from their parents and grandparents. In 19th-century sources, the predominant level in the liturgy of the Lutheran rural churches was evaluated as appalling, and congregation singing was described as chaotic and devoid of any artistic rules. According to contemporary scholars, calls to unify and improve the artistic merit appeared in Scandinavian churches with the wave of a widespread movement of renewal, which emerged in the German Lutheran Church in the early 19th century. These relations also confi rm the presence of a characteristic style of Lutheran singing called “the old way of singing” in Scandinavia and the Baltic countries. Originally, the term used to describe a singing style that existed during several centuries in the parish churches of England (from the 15th to the 18th century), and it was later adopted, by analogy, from English musicology. As the main determinants of the old practice, the following factors are mentioned: isolated communities, diffi cult access to churches, replacing church services with family prayer, lack of organs in churches, and lack of codifi ed collections of hymn tunes. Characteristic features of the style are: slow tempo, very loud singing, a melismatic richness and heterophony resulting from superimposing variants of the melodies. After the reform, this style was eliminated from the liturgy and survived only fragmentarily within situations outside the church (during individual prayer, work, folk customs), or was cultivated by pietistic religious communities. This is confi rmed by fi eld recordings conducted in the 20th century in the Scandinavian countries, the Baltic countries, as well as Masuria.

17

Correlation of glacial episodes of the Wisla [Vistulian] glaciation in the Polish lowland and mountain regions, and in Scandinavia

63%

Lindner L. , Marks L.

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tom 43

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nr 1

18

Chromosome races of the common shrew Sorex araneus in the Ural Mts: a link between Siberia and Scandinavia?

63%

Polyakov A. V. , Zima J. , Searle J. B. , Borodin P. M. , Ladygina T.

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tom 45

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nr 1

19

Modele chrystianizacji ludów basenu Morza Bałtyckiego – podobieństwa i różnice

51%

Wejman G.

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nr 24

247-260

PL

Misje to ewangelizacyjna działalność Kościoła wśród niechrześcijan (ad gentes), wynikająca z woli i polecenia Jezusa Chrystusa, wyrażona w nakazie misyjnym. Najpierw objęły one Europę. Chrystianizacja ludów Morza Bałtyckiego trwała ok. 600 lat. Rozpoczęła się na początku IX, a zakończyła się na początku XV w. Objęła ona plemiona germańskie – głównie Danię i Szwecję; plemiona i narody słowiańskie – Polskę, a głównie Pomorze oraz plemiona połabskie, a głównie Obodrzyców i Wieletów oraz narody bałtyckie – Prusów, Łotyszy, Estończyków, Finów oraz Litwinów i Żmudzinów. Misjonarze szli na te ziemie z orężem miecza, ale przede wszystkim Słowa Bożego; szli duchowni – zakonni i diecezjalni, kapłani oraz biskupi, a także ludzie świeccy: książęta oraz królowie. Wspólny cel, mimo różnych metod, niestety nieraz kontrowersyjnych, spowodował, że teren Morza Bałtyckiego, ostatni basen pogaństwa, szczęśliwie został przyjęty w orbitę wiary chrześcijańskiej. Chrystianizacja ludów Morza Bałtyckiego, miała różne oblicza; zarówno pełnej ewangelicznej gorliwości, jak i politycznego podboju. Oczekiwany sukces nastąpił, niemniej szkoda, że nieraz pozostawił po sobie ból i rozgoryczenie.

EN

This mission of the Church's evangelizing activity among non-Christians (ad gentes), resulting from the will and command of Jesus Christ, expressed in the warrant missionary. First, they covered Europe. Christianization the Baltic Sea peoples lasted approx. 600 years. Began in early 9th , and ended in the early 15th century. It covered the Germanic tribes - mainly Denmark and Sweden; Slavic tribes and nations - Poland, mainly Western and Polabian tribes, mainly Obodrites and Veleti and Baltic nations - Prussians, Latvians, Estonians, Finns and Lithuanians and Samogitians. The missionaries went to the land with the sword, but most of all with the Word of God; clergy , religious and diocesan priests and bishops, lay people, princes and kings – everyone took part in the mission. Common goal, despite the different methods, but sometimes controversial, meant that the area of the Baltic Sea, the last pool of paganism, happily, was adopted into the orbit of the Christian faith. Christianization the Baltic Sea peoples, have different faces; both full of evangelical zeal and political conquest. The expected success came, but a shame that sometimes left behind the pain and bitterness.

20

Skandynawskie partie skrajnej prawicy – oblicze organizacyjne Duńskiej Partii Ludowej

51%

Archutowski T.

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2017

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nr 1 (21)

138-152

EN

Since its emergence in 1995 the Danish People’s Party has become the second biggest political party in Denmark. The popularity of the DPP has also played an important role in the emergence and growth in popularity of the right-wing populist parties in the rest of Scandinavia. One of the most important factors that contributed to the growth in the popularity of the DPP has been the specific organisation of the party based on the charismatic leadership of its leaders Pia Kjærsgaard and Kristian Thulesen Dahl. The hierarchical structure of the right-wing populist parties combined with the party discipline enables the parties to react quickly to changing social attitudes, and as a result, to attract new voters.