To avoid error, bankruptcy, not to be taken over by competitors - these are the most common challenges facing the management (boards) of contemporary organizations. In order to support these tasks, early warning systems (EWS) are created. In industries and banks they are one of components to assess the firm's financial condition. They enable early reconnaissance of the threat and activating appropriate repair processes. Historically, EWS emerged as a response to numerous bankruptcies of companies during the Great Depression (1929 - 1933), when managers not having appropriately early information of threat, were not able to forecast the threat. Currently, the image of a company bankruptcy is frequently perceived as a threat and induces taking effective actions delaying the inevitable bankruptcy. Therefore, effective risk management and risk measuring using early warning systems may effectively forecast future events threatening the company existence. Thus, the early warning system’s task is to disclose the deteriorating economic and financial situation of the company through providing economic data, for example indices enabling undertaking further decisions relating to improving the company’s condition. The article contains EWS components, forms and kinds of applied instruments to detect threats, role of inspections and strategic controlling in slowing down, if it is inescapable, bankruptcy.
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