Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

A model of solar energy input to the sea surface

100%

Krezel A.

Oceanological Studies

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1997

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tom 26

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nr 4

21-34

EN

On the basis of the papers of Bird and Riordan (1986), Justus and Paris (1985), Kr??el (1985, 1997) and Leckner (1978), a model of solar radiation energy input to the sea surface under real meteorological conditions has been developed. The model enables one to determine the flux or dose of total (direct + scattered) radiation within the whole visible light spectrum and any other spectrum interval in the range of 300-4000 nm. The initial data to the model are: atmospheric pressure and water vapour pressure at the sea surface and cloudiness. The seasonal mean long-term values of ozone and aerosol caused attenuation of light in the southern Baltic area were taken into account. The calculations performed for Gdynia and Hel regions are in a good agreement with the ac-tinometric data recorded in Gdynia. Therefore, the presented model could serve as a part of eco-logical model.

2

Distribution of elements in sediment cores of the Southern Baltic from the point of view of principal component analysis

80%

Szefer P. , Kaliszan R.

Oceanological Studies

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1993

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nr 64/3

95-102

3

Distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the pelagial of the Pomeranian Bay

80%

Graeve M. , Wodarg D.

Oceanological Studies

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1996

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tom 25

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nr 4

39-45

EN

Investigations on individual chlorobiphenyls (PCBs) were carried out in the pelagial of the western Pomeranian Bay. An in-situ filtration/extraction system was used to distinguish between the particulate and dissolved chlorobiphenyls. Multidimensional gas chromatography (MDGC) techniques were applied to the separation and identification of individual chloro-biphenyls. The regional distribution of dissolved and particle (SPM) associated individual chloro-biphenyls is presented. The investigations of chlorobiphenyls in different seasons indicate no pronounced seasonal variability in the aqueous phase. However, the concentrations of particu-late chlorobiphenyls did exhibit seasonal maxima depending on plankton productivity.

4

Changes in the mezoplankton of the Gdansk Basin in the last two decades

80%

Wolska-Ptys M.

Oceanological Studies

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1996

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tom 25

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nr 1-2

101-113

EN

The paper compares the seasonal variability and vertical distribution of the chief components of the mezoplankton in the Gdansk Basin in 1989-1993 with earlier BMP results.No significant qualitative changes or trends in the iverall numbers of zooplankton were observed.There were, however, changes in the dominance structure among the Copepoda of the region studied.

5

Toxic substances in the water, bottom sediments and organisms of the Gdansk Basin

80%

Andrulewicz E.

Oceanological Studies

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1996

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tom 25

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nr 1-2

77-85

EN

Research on toxic substances in the Gdansk BAsin was done in the form of individual projects.Elevated concentration of cadmium, lead, and zinc were recorded in water at stations located near the cities of Gdansk and Gdynia.THe degree of pollution of bottom sediments by trace metals was estimated by calculation of the enrichment coefficient (EF) of the surface layers.The highest values of the enrichment coefficient for trace metals were recorded in the deepest parts of Puck Bay and in the Gdansk Deep.The trace metal distribution in the Gdansk BAsin is practically identical with that of organic carbon concentrations.The natural variability of metal concentrations in fish was very broad.Neverthlass, investigations done hitherto have shown that metal concentrations in tissues of fish intended for human consumption do not exceed permitted levels.No transgression of permitted levels has been found either for DDT or PCBs.Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are belived also to be metabolised in marine organisms; however, it is belived that they might affect reproduction and physiolgical processes in demersal fish.

6

Microphytobenthos of the shallow littoral of the Southern Baltic

80%

Plinski M. , Kwiatkowski J.

Oceanological Studies

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1996

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tom 25

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nr 4

65-79

EN

The microphytobenthos is the ecological fraction of small plant organisms found in sediments. Hitherto only a few investigations into the microphytobenthos in the southern Baltic have been carried out. The objective of the present study was to determine the species com-position and relative abundance of epipsammic taxa in the shallow littoral zone in the southern Baltic as well as the seasonal fluctuations at selected stations in the Gulf of Gda?sk. The results indicate that three regions of the Polish coastline can be distinguished with respect to the spe-cies composition of microphytobenthic diatoms. The distribution of diatom species is probably related to the environmental conditions occurring in particular regions of the Polish coastline. The percentage of certain diatom species tends to follow a clear seasonal pattern.

7

Macrobenthos of the Gdansk, Gotland and Bornholm Basins in 1978-1993

70%

Osowiecki A. , Warzocha J.

Oceanological Studies

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1996

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tom 25

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nr 1-2

137-149

EN

The macrobenthos in the Gdansk Basin and southern parts of the Bornholm and Gotland Basins was studied from 1978-1993 to document changes in the structure of benthic communities.Recolonisation following inflows of saline water was observed in the deep bottom habitat.Fluctuaction in microfauna abundance and biomass were recorded in the shallow water habitat, but no trend could be detected.No permanent macrofauna was encountered in the deepest part of the Bornholm and Gdansk Basins.

8

Oxygen and nutrients in the southern Baltic Sea

70%

Trzosinska A. , Lysiak-Pastuszak E.

Oceanological Studies

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1996

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tom 25

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nr 1-2

41-76

EN

Temporal variations (1979-1993) in oxygen and nutrient distribution were inveastigated in the Polish sector of the Baltic Sea with reference to hydrological and biological factors.The most strinking differnce in oxygen condiotions in 1989-1993, as compared with the previous decade consist in much earlier and greater supersaturation of the euphotic zone and a significant reduction of oxygen deficiency in the deep water layers.The overall negative trens in oxygen concentrations observed at the bottom of the Gdansk Deep since the 1960s has been reversed.No hydrogen sulphide was found there from spring 1990 until late 1994.In 1989-1993 the winter accumulation peaks of all nutrients shifted from MaArch to February.InN the coastal areas both phosphate and silicate winterpools were reduced to their lowest levels already in spring; in the off-shore waters their respective minimal concentrations were reached in summer and autumn.Nitrates were used by May/June in all areas, except for the Vistula estuarya where their stock was sustained throughout the whole year.Distinct changes in the winter accumulation of nutrients in the surface water were found.In the Gdansk Deep the strong negative trend in silicates ceased, probably due to the declining demand for this nutrient.Rapid accumulation of nitrates was no longer in evidence, but the increasing N/P ratio could be traced in the Gulf of Gdansk as far as the Gdansk Deep.Moreover the coincidence of an effective phosphate sink and low denitrification activity has prompted a significant increase in the N/P ratio in the deep waters of the Gdansk Basin.The input of nutrients from rivers, with a considerablre surplus of nitrogen over phosphorus, is the most obvious reason for the advanced eutrophication in the Polish marine sea.Regional differences in the trophic levels are discussed on the basis of the N/P ratio in the water and the nitrogen and phosphorus uptake ratio.

9

War gases and ammunition in the Polish Economic Zone of the Baltic Sea

60%

Andrulewicz E.

Oceanological Studies

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1994

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nr 67/10

83-89

10

The regional characteristics of the Gdansk basin

51%

Andrulewicz E.

Oceanological Studies

|

1996

|

tom 25

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nr 1-2

11-16