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2 2005

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Polská sociologie – od „října“ do „června“ (1956–1989)

100%

Kurzewska J.

Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review

2005

tom 41

nr 4

641-658

Based on a systematic study of Polish sociological literature produced in the period stretching between the elevation of Wladyslaw Gomulka to the post of the Party's first secretary in October 1956 to the first free elections in Poland in June 1989, the authoress of this article offers an account of the main dilemmas and the varieties of pluralism in Polish sociology during the state socialist era. She claims that, with the exception of the Stalinist period, Polish sociologists always occupied diverse positions on 'government' and 'society', but this diversity yielded to change in response to a particular time. Generally, in 1956-1989 Polish sociology was something unique in comparison with sociology in other so-called people's democracies, as it had a considerably high status in the country and in the world, including the West. The authoress argues that Polish sociology did not have to undergo a revolution in 1989 and make the move from Marxist to bourgeois sociology, as since 1956 (or even earlier, since 1945) it had been undergoing continuous change and constant reform (in theoretical domain and concerning its division into subdisciplines) and maintained a consistent level of diversity in various respects.

The Historical Connections and Development of the Polish Economy and Sociology

51%

Sowa K. Z.

Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa

2005

tom 41

nr 1(163)

3-14

The author shows the connections of the Polish economy and sociology in the period of their formation. Despite the fact, that the first Polish economists and sociologists were inspired by the Western works, their own scientific views and works were formed in basically different social and political conditions which dominated in the then partitioned Poland. That is why the Polish economy and particularly sociology of those days were in some areas (research problems) belated when compared with the Western ones, but much ahead of the Western in others. Some important concepts of todays Western sociology were introduced in the Polish social sciences one hundred years ago (e.g. the concept of cultural capital). In the second part of the paper the social forces, specific for the system of so called real socialism (communism), which conditioned its functioning, were shortly depicted. The constitutive features of the contemporary social macrostructures were, from the one hand , immune for classical, Western type scientific analysis, and they precluded a development of adequate concepts and research tools, from the other. Therefore adequate theory of the social reality of those days is still an unfulfilled task of the Polish social sciences.