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2 Asian and African Studies

2 Rácová A.

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VERBAL CONJUNCTS IN SLOVAK ROMANI

100%

Rácová A.

nr 2

249 – 265

A verbal conjunct is a multi-word (analytical) naming unit, which can be formed in Romani by joining a formative verb with a noun (lel goďi “to contemplate”, literally “to take reason”), with an adjective (ačhel korkoro “to be left alone”, literally “to be lonely”), with an adverb (ačhel palal “to be late”, literally “to be in the back”) and, in some specific cases, also with a verb (del te šunel “to show/manifest”, literally “to give to feel”). A verbal conjunct constitutes a complex unit, both from a lexical (it has a verbal meaning as a whole) and a syntactic point of view (it functions as a constituent of a sentence - predicate). Its grammatical categories, i. e., its person, number and tense, are expressed in the formative verb, which can also serve to express the lexical-grammatical category of progressivity or regressivity of a verbal action (del kejčeň “to lend”, lel kejčeň “to borrow”, kerel žužo “to make sth clear”, ačhel žužo “to clear up”) and aspectuality (the spatial orientation of action “out of”: čhivel avri andal o them “to banish”, čhivel e jakh avri “to peep out”; inchoativeness: thovel roviben “to burst into tears”). The lexical meaning of the formative verb is significantly weakened or completely lost in the verbal conjunct. The lexical meaning of the verbal conjunct is therefore often based on its non-verbal component (chal dar “to fear”, literally “to eat fear”), or both components lose their original meaning in the resultant phraseological unit (čhivel phuripen “to make excuses”, literally, “to throw old age”).

ABSTRACT NOUNS IN SLOVAK ROMANI

100%

Rácová A.

Asian and African Studies

2012

tom 21

nr 2

125 – 151

This study aims to describe the onomasiological structure of abstract nouns in Slovak Romani. The onomasiological base of this structure is represented by the formants -(i)ben, -(i)pen or -(i)šagos, and the onomasiological mark by bases of different parts of speech such as verbs, adjectives, past participles, adverbs, nouns, pronouns, prepositions, numerals or particles. The study focuses especially on an analysis of names of actions and names of qualities, which constitute the richest subgroup of abstract nouns. The object of analysis is onomasiological marks – motivating words, which are the main indicator of the meaning of action or the meaning of quality of an abstract noun. In some cases they are transpositions from motivating words into abstract nouns; in others new naming units are generated to refer to new content and express new meanings. What then plays a significant role in determining the meaning of an abstract noun is context.