Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

THE SILESIAN HOME. CANONS OF BEAUTY, SPACES OF CONTACT, THE PASSAGE OF TIME (Dom slaski. Kanony piekna, przestrzenie kontaktu, przemijanie)

100%

Lipok-Bierwiaczonek M.

Konteksty - Polska Sztuka Ludowa

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2010

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tom 64

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nr 2-3(289-290)

68-73

EN

The Silesian landscape is often identified with steel mill chimneys, mine shafts and red brick housing estates. All these elements are branded with specific decline - they bring to mind the past, the history of the development of Silesian industry, capitalist industrialisation from the turn of the nineteenth century as well as its socialist counterpart from the time of the six-year plan and the subsequent period. The discussed examples of three workers' housing estates (Giszowiec, Nikiszowiec and Murcki) make it possible to understand the phenomenon of moulding socio-cultural communities - strongly integrated, living according to identical models, observing the same rhythm of daily life and celebrating the same cycle of festivities. First and foremost, these were communities associated with a single employer-patron. Contemporary redesigning as a rule obliterates the character of the described houses and estates, as exemplified by the loss of the lauba and, as a consequence, a socially important space of contact. The spirit of the Silesian home is retained more in the people, their stories, family histories, manner of perceiving the world and the cherished system of values.

2

Otázka národnosti při československém sčítání lidu na Těšínsku v meziválečném období

80%

Baran I.

Slovanský přehled: historická revue pro dějiny střední, východní a jihovýchodní Evropy (Slavonic Review: Review for Central, Eastern and Southeastern European history)

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2008

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tom 94

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nr 1

15-32

EN

This study is dedicated to a really serious problem, because the question of ethnicity at the census in the Teschen Silesia in the period between World Wars was frequently topic of the polemic between Poland and Czechoslovakia. After the collapse of Austria-Hungary Empire the Teschen Silesia was divided between Poland and Czechoslovakia. On the Czechoslovak teritorry stayed a Polish minority, but there is dispute, how large. One of the specifics of the region was a certain number of people, who wasn't sure about their ethnicity. These people, called Slonzaks, spoke the Polish dialect, but they lacked the Polish national awareness and they were at the Austrian Census added to the Poles. The Czech administration supported of course this group of people for the purpose to turn them into Czechs and therefore at the census there was placed a special slonzak's category, which registered with a large number of people, who spoke the Polish dialect. Conscious Poles understood it as an act of national oppression, and quite right, because in fact this category hadn't any other sense, than to reduce the number of the Poles at the census.

3

Die Region Schlesien (1618-1740). Die sozialen Gruppierungen und ihre Bedeutung für die Identität des Landes

80%

Herzig A.

Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka

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2013

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tom 68

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nr 2

59–73

EN

The social groups of Silesian society in the 17th century included higher nobility (dukes, estate lords, foremen) and lower nobility, to which, due to ennoblements ascended many of the townspeople. Among the townsfolk in Silesian cities were such groups as merchants, guild craftsmen and people with higher education. They had civic rights. Most of city-dwellers did not have civic rights, they were the daily wage labourers, guild-less craftsmen, farmhands and servants. Village-dwelling population was divided into peasant classes, the majority of which were the lower peasants, so-called gardeners, who owned little land and livestock and in order to assure their survival needed to seek additional employ (as village craftsmen, workers on farms or estates). A place in the hierarchy was assured not by an initial economic capital, but rather by symbolic capital. The group that influenced Silesian regional identity the most were educated townspeople, whose roots were in humanism.

4

Losy chłopskiej rodziny Lipów ze Śląska Cieszyńskiego do 1918 roku i jej droga do polskiej narodowości

80%

Morys-Twarowski M.

Świat i Słowo

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2011

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tom Świat i Słowo 2011, nr 1 (16)

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nr Świat i Słowo 2012 nr 2 (17)

117-130

EN

The Lipa family was a catholic peasant family from Cieszyn, Silesia. Its progenitor was Grzegorz Lipa (d. 1738), the owner of the land in Kalembice near Cieszyn. The later owners of this land were his son Jan (d. 1743/1745), his grandson Jakub (d. after 1771) and his great-grandson Adam (1767-1835), who was also a village leader (wójt) of Kalembice. Adam (1802-1882), the son of Adam, settled down in Bobrek. His sons, despite different lifestyles, identified themselves with Polish culture. Paweł (1846-1917) spent most of his life outside his country. He was a Major General in the Austro-Hungarian Army. However, he was not ashamed of his roots and spoke good Polish. After retirement he settled down in Cieszyn. Franciszek (1848-1936) lived in Bobrek near Cieszyn. He was a Polish social and national activist, and a member of Polish organisations: the Duchy of Cieszyn Motherland Schools (Macierz Szkolna Księstwa Cieszyńskiego) and the Union of Silesian Catholics (Związek Śląskich Katolików). By defending their language identities they became members of community whose history is connected not with the Duchy of Cieszyn but with neighbouring country, the Polish-Lithunian Commonwealth.

5

INTERETHNIC RELATIONS IN SILESIA (FROM THE RESULTS OF SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH ARRANGED BY THE SILESIAN INSTITUTE OF SZM IN OPAVA)

80%

Šrajerová O.

Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied

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2017

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tom 20

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nr 1

-

EN

Silesia has never constituted a consistent and stable state or territorial administrative unit; it has been a traditional object of international and inter-state relations, a subject of international confrontation. The ethnic mixture of the area anticipates the relations of people of different ethnic groups in various life situations at different levels - personal relations in everyday life in the families, relations with friends and neighbours, inter-group relations at the working process with the colleagues, relations at cultural, social and leisure activities. The study examines interethnic relations in the ethnically mixed area of Czech Silesia. It introduces the ethnic composition of the researched region in the past and in the present. We were interested in the national composition of both the respondents of our survey and their families. The study also tracks the cultural and social life of Silesian citizens of different nationalities. The main attention is paid to the issues of interethnic relations between the citizens of different nationalities, mostly to the relation between the Czech majority and the ethnic minorities – Polish and Slovak. We can investigate the contacts between the people of different nationalities at various levels – families, friends, neighbours, workplace, etc. Vast majority of the surveyed inhabitants of Silesia were not only aware of the ethnic heterogeneity of the region they lived in and oriented themselves well in it, but they had quite a tolerant approach to it, they did not mind it and, on the contrary, they considered it as a significant enriching aspect. Generally, based on the research findings, we can conclude that Silesia, as an ethnically mixed region, is very interesting for its complexity of interethnic relations, so we can investigate the contact between people of different nationalities at various levels – families, friends, neighbours, and workplace. The co-existence of people of different nationalities conditions the formation of the relations of the local inhabitants to their region and to the issues associated with the above-mentioned co-existence. Our research revealed that the people from Silesia are able to accept and to reflect the fact that they live in an ethnically mixed area and the extent, into which they accept the inhabitants of different nationalities, seems to be a significant aspect of the interethnic relations.

6

Sztuka i rzemiosło artystyczne na Śląsku w latach 1526-1740 jako czynniki spajające i dezintegrujące region w dobie nowożytnej

80%

Oszczanowski P.

Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka

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2013

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tom 68

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nr 2

109–127

EN

The issue of Silesian art is a methodological matter, one which the scholars are studying for nearly a century. Results of research reinforce the belief that Silesian art – especially at the end of the 14th and beginning of the 15th century, as well as in the Baroque – formed distinct qualities determining it’s unconventional worth, allowing it to be included with the artistic achievements of the continent. An attempt to answer which factors shaped the identity of the early modern Silesian art leads to two groups of factors, specifically cohesive and disruptive. Among the cohesive factors are historical events, the Catholic-Lutheran conflict, which, in Silesia lasted all through the Early Modern Period. Also of importance was the tradition of the Middle Ages and the availability of materials used by local artists (e.g. glass, sandstone). Among these works of particular importance are the workshops creating for the Cistercian monasteries (in Lubiąż, Krzeszów, Henryków, and Trzebnica). This resulted in the creation of a distinct mystic trend. It was associated with the development of Silesian iconographical tradition, e.g. in the local portrayal of saints and religious imagery. Among the factors disruptive to the artistic identity of Silesia is being a part of common artistic tradition (the western civilisation) and ideological (Christianity). This led to universal content of both lay and religious artworks. Silesia’s location at the hub of many transportation routes as well as on the border between two large states made it an area, which “absorbed” external influence. Silesian art became a universal „product” due to its dependence on external sources, rules imposed by a specific monastic order as well as rules of the authorities.

7

Charakterystyka geograficzna Śląska

80%

Kosmala G.

Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka

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2012

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tom 67

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nr 4

7–30

EN

This article contains basic geographical information about Silesia, useful as a starting point for further historical analysis. Silesia is a region of Central Europe, located on boarders between nations. At different points in its history it used to be a part of Austria, Czech Republic, Germany and Poland. The rough outline of the shape of Silesia was formed in the Paleozoic Era, finally reaching its ultimate form in the Cenozoic Era. Same holds true for both the Sudeten Mountains as well as the entire tectonic foreland, which was shaped by a glacier. Silesian land always was, and still is, rich in mineral resources, such as: building rocks, coal, and copper. Only some of which can be found in abundance. The shape of the terrain results from the overall structure of the hydrographical network which, with the exception of the eastern frontiers, is symmetrical, with the river Oder, which flows from the southeast to the northwest, being the axis of symmetry. Reservoirs have been built upon many rivers for both energy related and retention purposes. Due to utter and complete lack of lakes these reservoirs are the largest bodies of water in Silesia. Temperate, transitory climate with an annual average of 600-700 mm of rainfall and average annual temperature of 8 ºC results in conditions favourable for plant vegetation. Considering the abundance of fertile land one can easily understand why the agricultural scenery dominates the landscape. This, along with the development of industry at the base of the Sudeten Mountains, as well as the south-eastern part of Upper Silesia, constitutes the reason for the comparatively small amount of woodland areas. Silesia is an area heavily altered by human activity. The dominant landscape is culturally harmonious, with the exception of industrial districts, which often are the sight of more long-lasting changes, which are often irreversible.

8

Gmach poczty we Wrocławiu-Leśnicy jako siedziba urzędu państwowego Rzeszy w latach 1894-1929

80%

Gruk W.

Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka

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2013

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tom 68

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nr 3

67–87

EN

The article concerns the conditions surrounding the Post Office building in Leśnica, in the suburbs of Wrocław (currently a part of Wrocław) erected in 1894-1896 then enlarged in 1928-1929 in context of the development of Post Office construction throughout the German Reich, which from the architectural standpoint and concerning building size was highly standardised throughout the state. Using materials from the archives the decision-making process concerning the construction, reconstruction, expansion and normal use of the building was recreated. There were also attempts to establish to what extent the building in question met with standards of the time whereas the functional, aesthetic and ideological aspects were concerned. Whereas the functional aspect was concerned the issue was of topographical localisation within the city, as well as how its size and chamber configuration suited the required use. Whereas the aesthetic and ideological issues were concerned there was a problem of conforming the building to the style forms befitting both the statue of a government building and the surrounding architecture of elegant manors. The issue was resolved due to analysis of relevant iconographic frames and communication with Post Offices of Leśnica and well-known Post Office construction architects from Wrocław and Berlin as well as Eduard Freytag, a private investor and constructor. Resulting from these actions was a building project which was a model example of Post Office architecture at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries.

9

Destrukcyjne czy spajające region? Grupy społeczne na średniowiecznym Śląsku w kontekście aktywności politycznej (czwarta ćwierć XII-XV w.)

80%

Wiszewski P.

Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka

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2012

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tom 67

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nr 4

103–138

EN

Activities of social groups, which cause relations between the people of a society, constitute a crucial aspect of a given region’s nature. Did the political and social elite of the Oder region area (Nadodrze), in the time from the latter part of the 12th century until the latter part of the 15th century, take intentionally coordinated, mutually agreed upon actions. Or, after being forced by external factors to take such actions, did they continue to coordinate their activities after external factors ceased to be operative. Yet another question is, did the members of this political elite consider in their activities the notion of a unified, territorial unit called “Silesia”? Various political activities of the Nadodrze elite in the Middle Ages makes establishing a unified model of the formation of regional unity unfeasible. Activities undertaken by the dukes maintained the awareness of Silesia’s unity despite their, and their entourage’s, tendencies to focus on the importance of these small duchies. The dukes focused their activities, via conventions and confederations, towards building community awareness, combining thus far separate elites of individual duchies, especially the society of southern and middle part of Nadodrze. Despite the extended cooperation on various issues, which extended beyond the borders of specific duchies, in the latter part of the 14th and early 15th centuries, separatist tendencies were still extant. Silesian society, forged through political activities of its elite was by nature a network, which reacted dynamically to influences from its surroundings. The structure hardened sometimes, although its members valued locality at least as high as their regional identity.

10

Księstwa świdnickie i jaworskie a sukcesja na tronie czeskim w dobie Zygmunta Luksemburskiego. Przyczynek do dyskusji o znaczeniu przestrzeni symbolicznej w późnośredniowiecznym państwie czeskim

80%

Czechowicz B.

Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka

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2013

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tom 68

|

nr 3

23–37

EN

In this article, concerning the recently published study of Martin Čapský, an attempt is made to show the relevance of Świdnica to the formation of the concept of succession in the Bohemian Crown outside the core of the Crown that being Bohemia (Czech Kingdom) in Silesia. In these actions, focusing mainly around Wrocław, of some significance was also Świdnica, as the main city of two associated areas, bordering with Bohemia, Silesian duchies linked by succession with the Bohemian Crown: the Świdnica and Jawor duchies. In the situation in which Sigismund of Luxemburg found himself after being dethroned by the Hussite movement in Bohemia in 1421, and also due to Świdnica and Jawor duchies not being an inheritance from his mother (unlike the situation with his older brother, Wenceslaus IV) of importance is the enterprising approach to the succession of the younger Luxemburg on the Bohemian throne and in the Świdnica and Jawor duchies. Świdnica and the neighbouring Jawor were ideal for this purpose, also due to decoration programs for sacral and lay buildings. In the times of Sigismund said programs, also those in Strzegom, were enhanced with new elements (decorative paintings of the City Hall in Świdnica, the Carmelite church in Strzegom). Thusly the public space of these three towns complemented the far richer, in this context, Wrocław. In time a tradition of receiving the tribute of Silesian estates by the Bohemian king in Wrocław, and the tribute of the estates of Świdnica and Jawor in Świdnica solidified. The symbolic space of the city, created in the time of last Luxemburgs constituted the perfect scenery for these celebrations.

11

Śląska tożsamość regionalna w okresie nowożytnym (do 1740 r.)

80%

Harc L.

Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka

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2013

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tom 68

|

nr 2

97–108

EN

The perception of Silesia as something distinct and the formation of emotional bonds with the region, which were based on chronicles from the Middle Ages was further enhanced by humanist thought. Since the end of the 15th century and the beginnings of the 16th due to poetry, historiographical works, geographical description and the first maps, the vision of a region with specified borders, the population of which felt bonded due to shared history, pride of fertile lands and magnificent cities, especially the Capital City of Wrocław the awareness of Silesia as a homeland, simply of being Silesian grew among the population. Boys from different social groups, taught in the local schools were instructed and moulded all through the Habsburg era. Since the Thirty Years’ War, as a result of the policy of undermining the importance of pan-Silesian institutions, with the demise of the Silesian Piast dynasty and other dynasties laying claim on their duchies, the local awareness grew. Even then most authors of historical and cartographical works were aware of the broader context. The identity of being Silesian and the historical continuity of the region since the 10th century, and in the context of the search for ancient origins of the people populating the land even since the biblical times, constituted a factor beneficial to the formation of a cohesive identity, a unifying factor binding coexisting, especially since the 17th century, various local identities.

12

Wybory pastorów ewangelickich w drugiej połowie XIX w. w świetle prasy polskiej Śląska Cieszyńskiego

80%

Ławrusewicz I.

Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka

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2013

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tom 68

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nr 1

23–38

EN

The purpose of this article is the analysis of newspaper reports on the subject of the elections of Evangelical pastors, in the Polish press of Cieszyn Silesia, in the latter part of the 19th century. The discussion on the issue starts with analysis of the imperial patent, statutes and legal regulations made by the cabinet, regarding the Protestants. The newspaper reports allowed for two very different interpretations of the election process. The analysis of the press shows that the members of the Evangelical community had legal and national difficulties when faced with the issue of choosing Church authorities. First category of problems stemmed from delays in elections related to the wait for a new act, or an insufficient number of parishioners with voting rights. The other issue was the result of the relation between nationality and religion, in the political context. Analysis of newspaper reports indicates that the form and the course of the election of Church authorities in Cieszyn Silesia in the latter part of the 19th century undoubtedly had an effect on the growth of national and social identity, mainly due to their democratic nature. The pastors clearly had an enormous effect on the worldview and behaviour of their spiritual wards. Due to those reasons the election of church authorities in the latter part of the 19th century was often influenced by emotions and national bias.

13

THE BLACK MONSTRANCE OF HALEMBA - THE SYMBOL OF FAITH, RESISTANCE AND MINERS' EFFORT (Czarna monstrancja z Halemby - symbol wiary, oporu, górniczego trudu)

80%

Switala-Trybek D.

Lud

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2009

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tom 93

217-228

EN

A sculpture in coal is an example of artistic creation in Upper Silesia. Coal sculptures are made mainly by miners. The themes of the sculptures range from those relating to the everyday life of mining communities to those relating to religion. This article presents the history of a monstrance made of coal, which was meant as a gift for Pope John Paul II and was supposed to be presented to him in Gdansk during his third pilgrimage to Poland in 1987. But the Pope never got the sculpture, despite various efforts made. Presently, it is safe kept at the Mother of God of Rosary parish in Ruda Slaska-Halemba. The article touches upon social and political events, which directly impacted on the making of the monstrance, its history and the functions it performed in the various places in which it was displayed. The authoress has emphasised the symbolic character of the monstrance for the Solidarity movement and its importance in particularly difficult situations experienced by the inhabitants of Ruda Slaska-Halemba.

14

W sprawie polsko-ruskich relacji w pierwszej połowie XII w. Wokół małżeństwa Bolesława Wysokiego ze Zwienisławą Wsiewołodówną

80%

Dąbrowski D.

Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka

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2013

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tom 68

|

nr 3

3–21

EN

This article, a study in dynastic microgenealogy clarifies, on a given example, the motivations and both political and cultural consequences of a certain Polish-Russian marriage. This concerns the union of Bolesław I the Tall (Wysoki, 1127-1201), the eldest son of the Polish lord Władysław II the Exile, and Zwienisława, the eldest daughter of the Duke of Kiev, Wsiewołod Olegowicz. The article corrects certain chronological inconsistencies embedded in literature, concerning the date of the marriage, as well as resulting from it campaign of Russian forces to aid Władysław II, who was fighting the Junior Dukes. According to the author, the marriage of Boleslaw and Zwienisława took place between March 1, 1142 and the atmospheric winter ending that year. The author also investigated the issue of, almost universally incorrectly interpreted by historians, Polish political situation in Russia. The author assures that aside from the episode of 1139 there was no conflict between Olegowiczes, led by Wsiewołod Olegowicz and Monomachowiczes – the descendants of Włodzimierz Wsiewołodowicz Monomach. This could not have been a factor contributing to the reasons for marriage of Bolesław and Zwienisława.

15

W poszukiwaniu śląskiej tożsamości regionalnej (do 1526 r.)

80%

Mrozowicz W.

Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka

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2012

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tom 67

|

nr 4

139–161

EN

During the search for factors constituting proof of existence of Silesian regional identity in the Late Middle Ages, the author analysed the process of formation and functioning of common tradition. Among the analysed, contributing factors is the name Śląsk/Silesia and the process through which it entered collective awareness. The Piast dynasty was a significant element of this tradition, considering the attempts for preserving their memory, primarily within historiographical works. Saint Hedwig of Silesia (died 1243) was of particular significance within this dynasty, her cult from dynastic in nature changed into regional, she became the patron saint of Silesia. In Silesian tradition Piotr Włostowic (died circa 1151) is very important as well, due to his literary and historiographical prowess he rose towards the status of regional hero. The local church was also significant for the forging of regional identity. This author analysed the actions he took for the purpose of preserving and strengthening within memory the knowledge about the bishops of Wrocław, indicating, among other things, the bishop catalogues, widespread in Silesia. Much attention was paid to the regional discourse, present within chronicles and plentiful chronicle annuals. In late Middle Ages it became the main platform for expression of regional issues. Analysing characteristics of particular events, the author pointed to the tangled routes through which the Silesian regional identity formed. It was primarily a result of far reaching ethnic changes, taking place in Silesia at the turn of the 12th and 13th centuries and influence of cultural traits of bordering regions.

16

SPACE AS A PLACE OF REMEMBERANCE. THE QUESTION OF HOMAGES PAID BY SILESIAN DUKES TO THE BOHEMIAN KINGS (Przestrzen jako miejsce pamieci. W sprawie holdów ksiazat slaskich skladanych wladcom czeskim)

80%

Capsky M.

Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka

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2011

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tom 66

|

nr 2

3-14

EN

Places where Silesian dukes paid their homages to the Bohemian kings became an issue of controversy in the middle of 15th century. The council of the city of Wroclaw (Vratislav, Breslau) discussed the issue several times. The aldermen promoted their opinion that oaths of allegiance should be always sworn on the territory where swearing dukes ruled. This interpretation was broadened to whole Silesia. Earlier a place of homage was not so important. Usually dukes visited the king's court and their journeys itself were part of the ceremony of asking for a fief. The oldest act of taking of the collective oath of allegiance did not concerned Wroclaw, but Swidnica (Svidnice, Schweidnitz), where Sigismund of Luxembourg demanded the homage in 1420. Only in 1438 Silesian dukes swore their collective oath in Wroclaw. For aldermen of Wroclaw it was, however, a binding precedent. This interpretation was accepted by dukes themselves at the end of 15th century. Therefore in 1498 Silesian dukes, as representatives of a particular political area, demanded the king Vladislav Jagiellon to come to Wroclaw and to accept their homage just there.

17

Kwestie etniczne i językowe na Śląsku w „długim wieku” XVI

80%

Lipiński C.

Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka

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2013

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tom 68

|

nr 2

75–84

EN

The primary issue considered in this paper is the question to what extent Silesia in the long 16th century can be considered a region cohesive in the ethnical and linguistic context. Available research materials indicate deepening bilingual tendencies in the region, however the extent of each of the languages and ethnic groups are impossible to adequately asses due to constant changes in the demographical situation of Silesia, changes brought about by various factors, including economic and political. It is true that humanism formed an integrating factor, which led to the formation of local patriotism. Due to this phenomenon there came to be a belief in the existence of „Silesian Nation” as well as the need to look for a factor binding the population together, something extending beyond the ius soli principle. Seeing as both „the love of Motherland – Silesia” and the spreading of the idea of the Silesian Nation were both constructs of groups of humanists and scholars, the first important bridge with the symbolical culture was Latin, quickly replaced by the solidified German-language culture. It dominated lay culture at the end of the 16th and beginning of the 17th century, paving the way for development in the following centuries.

18

Instytucje i zarządzanie w procesach integracji i dezintegracji Śląska

80%

Wąs G.

Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka

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2013

|

tom 68

|

nr 2

5–24

EN

The Early Modern Period in formation of the political and social order is marked by the formation, in the beginning of said epoch, of distinct institutions and offices for the purpose of ruling Silesia, pan-Silesian, estate and ducal in various jurisdictions in Silesia, said system – with changes introduced in the absolute reign after 1629 – survived until 1740. Factors which influenced the perception of being separate among the social and political elite of Silesia were the institutions forming for the purpose of administrating the country in the time when links with the Bohemian Crown were weakened, especially in the latter part of the 15th and beginnings of the 16th century. This influenced the formation of Silesian institutions as having a great deal of autonomy in regards to the rule of the king and other institutions of the monarchy. The distinctly Silesian social structure was also influential in forming the distinctiveness of Silesian institutions. Formation of regions was also influenced by the institutional and political structure of the monarchy, which was comprised of five countries, all of which had their own estate representation, and comprised nearly all, available in those times, aspects of governing the society. The Thirty Years’ War became the caesura of Silesian regionalism: the monarchy managed to marginalise the Silesian political regionalism, although reforms after 1629 maintained the administrational and institutional regional system of Silesia.

19

Zagadnienia etniczne i językowe jako czynniki spajające i dezintegrujące Śląsk nowożytny? Podokres 1618/48-1740

80%

Dębicki J.

Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka

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2013

|

tom 68

|

nr 2

85–95

EN

The matter of changes in the ethno-linguistic relations in Silesia evokes a significantly more emotional response from later scholars than those from said period. Contemporary sources approached the issue in a roundabout way or simply marginalised it. Simultaneously, the Silesians considered themselves to be ethnically, possibly also linguistically, to be distinct from the denizens of neighbouring regions. Nonetheless certain categories relating to the territorial outreach of ethno-linguistic groups held true for Silesia. In this context one can distinguish a division formed at the dawn of renaissance, dividing Silesia into the left and right shore of the Oder river. This article concerns the Silesian border regions as well. Other aspects are considered as well, ethno-linguistic aspects capable of negating or furthering divisions in Silesia, aspects such as literary works, teaching and usage of language, (German, Polish, Latin) the presence of Polish printed works, as well as Jewish presence. Deliberations on the subject led to the conclusion that the effect of ethno-linguistic relations on the cohesiveness of Silesian society in the late Habsburg era was rather harmless.

20

PRZEMIANY TRADYCYJNYCH OBRZȨDOW WIOSENNZCH W POLSCE

80%

Smolińska T.

Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)

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2010

|

tom 17

|

nr 1-2

44 - 61

EN

The author restricts herself to the selected and most significant spring rites which are still practised in some regions of Poland (traditional drowning/burning of a straw dummy, parading with a small decorated tree, having a wash in river, functions of the palm and egg etc.). She describes the process of transformation in traditional spring rites in Poland on the basis of selected example, which is still alive in the south – eastern Poland as well as in Cieszyn Silesia and Opole Silesia.