The purpose of this paper is to present the conditions of realizing of credit transfers in European Union and fast credit transfers – Express ELIXIR – in Poland. This article presents main rules of Payment Services Directive (PSD) which was implemented to Polish law in 2011, benefits for bank customers regarding the transparency of conditions for cross-border in European Economic Area and internal credit transfers, and the maximum time taken to execute these transfers. It also presents the analysis of the innovative bank’s payment services in Poland – real-time credit transfer service called Express ELIXIR. This system was introduced in June 2012 by The National Clearing House (KIR). By March 2014 eight banks in Poland were offering this service. The main conclusions are as follows: Single European Payment Area – self-regulation of banking sector, European Union directives and regulations introduced in 1997–2014 – have ensured transparency for consumers and fee and execution time reduction of credit transfers in European Economic Area. In Poland, KIR has been systematically developing its services. In 2012 it has introduced Express ELIXIR – the system which enables clearing immediate payments. Research method applied include the analysis of scientific papers, European legislation, and statistical data.
It is acommonplace that the internet is one of the most powerful tools at the disposal of contemporary societies; it is also one of the most dynamically developing ways of information transfer. Access to information is the most important and desirable aim of human aspirations. The internet is still developing very dynamically, thus defying any efforts at determining the limits of its advancement; it creates infinite opportunities in various areas, while its great potential affects all aspects of human existence. For years the internet has also been the medium for financial transactions involving electronically regulated cash flow. Many of these transactions are carried out with the use of payment cards, which for many people constitute anobvious alternative to traditional transactions involving cash. The history of payment cards elsewhere in the world goes back to the beginning of the previous century, but in Poland they came into use much later, i.e. in the mid-1990s. The development of the internet, and especially the speed of data transfer which it offers, have greatly facilitated the transactions involving payment cards. This fact poses aquestion concerning the security of such transactions. The popular and universal character of online payments, not necessarily with the use of payment cards, resulted in the emergence of crime involving identity theft and conducting illegal transactions.
W artykule przedstawiono cel utworzenia Jednolitego Obszaru Płatności w Euro, a także oczekiwane rezultaty jego funkcjonowania, do których należy zaliczyć, m.in., ograniczenie płatności gotówkowych na terenie Unii Europejskiej. Omówiono karty płatnicze jako jeden z trzech instrumentów płatniczych Jednolitego Obszaru Płatności. Podkreślono rolę, jaką w ograniczaniu płatności gotówkowych mogą odegrać karty przedpłacone i karty bezstykowe.
EN
This paper explains either the aim of The Simple Euro Payments Area (SEPA) establishing or expected results of its performance in which we can include limitation of cash payments. The influence of credit cards in limitation of cash payments was emphasized.
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