The paper tries to sketch the ways and strategies that scholarship in Latvia has chosen in the recent years. It tries to look for the answers to the questions whether it is possible to give a systematic description of the development of different cultures and literatures; how they are comprehended in their particularities and similarities, their originality and literary and cultural encounters; whether one must proceed from a large encyclopaedic picture then trying to find specific examples in particular cultures which match general models of development, or one should instead of concentrate on particular aspects of different cultures and specific case studies in order to look for their possible place in the multitude of cultural manifestations. The paper thus offers a succinct summary of literary studies in Latvia after the re-establishment of national independence in 1991, while keeping in focus the mutual ties of literary studies in Baltic countries.
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On the occasion of the centenary of the birth of Mexican poet Octavio Paz, this contribution focuses on his essay “The labyrinth of solitude”. Through the analysis of dialectic conceptualization of solitude, it briefly interprets the main characteristics of Paz ś poetic, scholarly and human formation. The key towards revealing the cultural identity of the Mexican nation is the search for a mythical hero, which enables us to analyse various aspects of life in Mexico with the aim of psychoanalytic recovery of its hidden aspects, ultimately valid for the human existence as such. This requires a necessary focus on tradition, the past of the nation, thanks to which it is possible to critically evaluate the present and continue to unveil its ageless spiritual – religious principles. The accompanying phenomenon is the presence of the researcher, whose vision of the world is based on the respect for its mysterious, rational and incomprehensible essence. From this emerges Paz´s critique of contemporary neutralizing approaches to the object of study, denying the possibility of spiritual passion or a full symbiosis of the scholarly and artistic creative knowledge.
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