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1 Právny obzor. Teoretický časopis pre otázky štátu a práva (Juridical Review. Theoretical journal for the questions of state and law)

1 2013

1 Pavelková B.

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PRÁVO RODIČOV NA ZMENU MENA DIEŤAŤA A PRÁVO DIEŤAŤA NA ZACHOVANIE SVOJEJ IDENTITY

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Pavelková B.

Právny obzor. Teoretický časopis pre otázky štátu a práva (Juridical Review. Theoretical journal for the questions of state and law)

2013

tom 96

nr 1

67 – 85

The article reacts to the existing legal state when the Name and Surname Act permits both the parents and the adopters as „legal parents“ to apply for a change of the name of their child. Among others it permits the administrative authority to decide on this matter without a child’s approval, providing the child is below 15. Until the age of 15 years, administrative authorities do not ascertain a minor child’s opinion regarding the change of his or her name at all and decide exclusively at request of the parents or upon a statement of the adopters. According to some provisions of the Name and Surname Act in two out of three cases the registry office even does not decide on authorization of a minor child’s name and is only obliged to register changes reported by the parents in a prescribed manner. At the same time, the right to a name is one of partial rights of the summary right to identity, as granted to a child by the Convention on the Rights of the Child, communicated under No. 104/1991 Coll. This is a part of the Slovak national legal order, where the protection as a source of the higher legal force, is granted to a child by the Constitutional Court of SR according to Article 125 of the Constitution of the Slovak Republic. The right to protection of name is also a part of the right to private and family life, which is protected by Article 8 of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. The result of such contradictory wording of the act is an undesirable legal state, where a denial of generally accepted natural legal values brings a child to the position of an „object“ of power manipulation by the parents without examination of the child’s best interest as a fundamental principle of family law and without giving effect to the child’s right to participate in his or her own education, as guaranteed by a series of international sources of law.