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EN
The article describes the possibilities connected with using such standards as FRBR (Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records) and RDA (Resource Description and Access), which have for some time been a subject of studies and a source of new solutions in the librarian environment in the context of changes brought in the bibliographic description in the National Library. The aim of this article is to present the dependencies between the models from the FRBR family, RDA standard, and the practical rules of cataloguing rooted both in the AACR2 (on the example of the Library of Congress) and ISBD (on the example of the National Library) and to point out how their practical implementation can influence the increase of interoperability of the librarian metadata and facilitate changing the bibliographic thesauri into ontologies enabling the improvement of the integration of bibliographic data with other resources within the Linked Open Data. The source analysis was the main method used in the study. The work also presents the practical effect of new trends in the area of bibliographic description on the changes implemented in the way of cataloguing in the National Library.
2
Content available remote RDA a współpraca bibliotek w skali globalnej
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EN
The article describes the influence of the new rules of cataloguing Resource Description & Access (RDA) on the international cooperation of the library society within the range of shaping the bibliographic standards. The main goal is to present the role played by the European DRA Group in the process of integrating the European libraries around this key task for the future of librarianship. The author tried to prove that the aforementioned process of integration leads to the creation of a facility, playing the role of a representative of Europe in the global structures overseeing the works on the development of the cataloguing rules. In the summary, the author pointed out that an effective inclusion of Poland in these actions is dependent on achieving understanding on a national scale.
3
Content available remote RDA (Resource Description and Access) – geneza i koncepcja
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EN
Thesis/objective – RDA – Resource Description and Access, new American cataloging rules, are presented. Origins of RDA are described, including its relationship to the conceptual data model used within FRBR and FRAD structure, where entities, their attributes and relationships are analyzed. The description covers main principles of RDA, different concept of the record, changes in terminology and modified cataloging practice resulting from the implementation of new rules, including the enhancement of MARC 21 bibliographic and authority records. Research method – The following source texts are analyzed: RDA, FRBR and FRAD documentation, Declaration of International Cataloging Principles, various case studies and the description of the preliminary stage of RDA implementation in American libraries. Results and conclusions – RDA is a new paradigm, fundamentally different in its rules, terminology and goal from the contemporary cataloging rules. The introduction of new rules into the library environment, tools, formats and software used so far brings forward numerous doubts. Thus the relevance of the new cataloging concept can be fully assessed only along with the introduction of new tools ready to support the new model, incorporate the cataloging data into the Web and link them to the web resources.
PL
Teza/cel artykułu – Przedstawiono główne założenia nowych amerykańskich zasad katalogowania, RDA – Resource Description and Access. Wskazano na genezę RDA, w tym związek z modelem konceptualnym danych wykorzystanym w strukturze FRBR i FRAD, w którym obiektem analizy są jednostki, ich atrybuty oraz relacje między jednostkami. Opisano główne założenia RDA, odmienną koncepcję opisu, zmiany terminologiczne, a także modyfikację pragmatyki katalogowej, która wynika z implementacji nowych reguł, w tym rozbudowę formatu MARC 21 w zakresie rekordów kartoteki haseł wzorcowych i rekordów bibliograficznych. Metody badań – Zastosowano metodę analizy źródeł w postaci dokumentacji RDA, FRBR, FRAD, Deklaracji międzynarodowych zasad katalogowania, analizy opracowań, a także opisu wstępnego etapu implementacji zasad RDA w bibliotekach amerykańskich. Wyniki i wnioski – RDA to nowy paradygmat, zasadniczo odmienny, zarówno z punktu widzenia założeń, terminologii, jak celu prac katalogowych od dotychczasowych przepisów. Wskazano na wątpliwości, które wiążą się z wprowadzeniem nowych zasad w dotychczasowym środowisku, obecnie stosowanych narzędziach, formatach i oprogramowaniu. Weryfikacja trafności nowej koncepcji opisu zasobu nastąpi wraz z przygotowaniem odmiennego instrumentarium, zaprojektowanego do pełnej obsługi tego modelu, w tym szerszego włączenia danych katalogowych do uniwersum sieciowego i powiązania ich z zasobami internetowymi.
EN
Two modifications of the range-Doppler algorithm (RDA) have been proposed to solve problems of SAR platform motion instabilities. First, the multi-look processing based on the RDA with an extended Doppler bandwidth has been introduced for correction of radiometric errors. Second, the RDA has been modified to perform SAR image formation on short-time acquisition intervals to use it in a recently-developed local-quadratic map-drift autofocus (LQMDA) method. The performance of the methods is illustrated with experimental data obtained by airborne SAR systems.
EN
Leaf traits scaling relationships were compared in different months (May, June, July and August) in a temperate shrub species, Vitex negundo Linn. var. heterophylla (Franch.) Rehd. Leaf traits variation and the impact of environment were also studied. Our results showed that specific leaf area (SLA), leaf nitrogen content (Nmass), leaf phosphorus content (Pmass) and leaf chlorophyll content (Chlmass) were positively correlated, and all of the pairwise relationships showed a common standardized major axis (SMA) slope in different months. The variation of SLA, chlorophyll a content (Chlmass a), chlorophyll b content (Chlmass b), Chlmass a/b and maximum quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm) were mainly habitat-dependent, while the variation of Pmass and Nmass/Pmass were mainly month-dependent. Redundancy analysis (RDA) was used to further explore the relationships between leaf traits and environmental factors. We found that plants under shade (the relative photosynthetic photon flux density was about 10%) developed light-capturing behavior at leaf level (higher SLA) and cellular level (higher Chlmass/Nmass and lower Chlmass a/b). The increased Nmass/Pmass with month was mainly resulted from the large absorption of soil nitrogen and the decrease of soil pH. In a word, our study indicates that species may not have fundamentally different carbon capture strategies in different months. Variation of different leaf traits are related to different environmental factors in the field.
EN
This paper describes a synthetic aperture radar system for tactical-level imagery intelligence installed on board an unmanned aerial vehicle. Selected results of its tests are provided. The system contains interchangeable S-band and Ku-band linear frequency-modulated, continuous wave radar sensors that were built within a frame of a research project named WATSAR, conducted by the Military University of Technology and WB Electronics S.A. One of several algorithms of radar image synthesis, implemented in the scope of the project, is described in this paper. The WATSAR system can create online and off-line radar images.
EN
The objective of this work was to examine the water quality using three diatom indices SPI, GDI and TDI. The material for the study was collected during four seasons from autumn 2010 to summer 2011, from four sampling sites located on the Wisłoka River, in the town of Dębica and the surrounding area. The Wisłoka at all selected sites was characterized by alkaline or close to neutral pH (pH 6.5-7.7). Electrolytic conductivity ranged from 364 to 480μS cm-1. The Wisłoka at the selected sites in the urban area and in the surrounding areas was characterized by high diatom species richness. The total of 238 taxa from 53 genera were recorded, of which the most numerous were: Nitzschia (44), Navicula (33) and Gomphonema (12). Achnanthidium minutissimum var. minutissimum, Amphora pediculus, Navicula gregaria, N. lanceolata, and Nitzschia dissipata ssp. dissipata were usually the dominant species. Chemical parameters indicated very good quality of water. However, the diatom indices used to assess the water quality, classified the studied water into a group corresponding to quality class III or IV.
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