Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Evaluation of genetic diversity and uniformity of head cabbage DH lines by the use of RAPD markers

100%

Kaminski P. , Staniaszek M. , Kozik E. U.

Journal of Applied Genetics

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2003

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tom 44

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nr 2

157-163

EN

DH lines derived from cabbage cvs. Kamienna Glowa, Slawa z Enkhuizen and Langendijker, representing R1 generation, were analysed by the use of RAPD markers for their diversity and uniformity. For the evaluation of genetic diversity, eight primers yielding informative bands were used. Of the total of 83 RAPD bands scored in this study, 16.9% were polymorphic between a set of 13 DH lines. The similarity of the DH lines, estimated by Jaccard?s coefficient, was depicted in the UPGMA dendrogram. Fourteen generated informative RAPD bands allowed the identification of DH lines developed from each cultivar. The evaluation of the uniformity for six closely related DH lines was possible by the use of three primers which generate one or two polymorphic bands. The lack of differences among ten plants of the five investigated DH lines manifested their uniformity. One line showed intraline polymorphism with two RAPD primers. The occurrence of the differences at the molecular level among ten plants indicated that their parental R0 plant was probably obtained from somatic cells, not by androgenesis.

2

Genetic diversity among cultivars of spring barley revealed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)

100%

Kuczynska A. , Milczarski P. , Surma M. , Masojc P. , Adamski T.

Journal of Applied Genetics

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2001

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tom 42

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nr 1

43-48

EN

RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) polymorphism was studied in 23 malting and non-malting spring barley cultivars included in the official list of Polish cultivated varieties. Twenty-four 10-mer primers were tested in each cultivar, giving altogether 149 amplification products, 45% of which were polymorphic. The number of polymorphic bands revealed by one primer ranged from 1 to 6, with an average of 2.8. Genetic distance for all pairs of compared varieties was estimated and a dendrogram was constructed using unweighted pair group method of arithmetic means. The genetic distance between cultivars ranged from 0.11 for cvs. Apex and Bryl to 0.62 for cvs. Orthega and Madonna. Of the seven malting cultivars only two (Brenda and Stratus) formed one group at D = 0.25. The genetic distance between cvs. Brenda and Scarlett, especially recommended for brewery, was equal to 0.34. The detected polymorphism appeared to be sufficient for assessing genetic distances between cultivars, but on the basis of this polymorphism groups of malting and non-malting cultivars were not clearly distinguished.

3

RAPD as a tool for differentiation and identification of yeast

100%

Robak M. , Baranowska K. , Barszczewski W. , Wojtatowicz M.

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nr 4

142-155

EN

The growing importance of yeast in food and beverages creates a necessity for a rapid and reliable method for typing of strains. As described in the present review, Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA method (RAPD), based on genome sequence diversity, allowed the differentiation and identification of strains belonging to Saccharomyces, Hanseniaspora, Yarrowia and other yeasts occurring in beer, wine, cheeses, sausages, dressings and fruits. The applied methodology and obtained results were compared and analysed in terms of repeatability and reproducibility. The possibility to compile the results in a database, which will serve the future identification of unknown strains, was discussed.

4

DNA polymorphism among barley NILs of cv. Pallas, carrying genes for resistance to powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei)

100%

Czembor P. C. , Czembor J. H.

Journal of Applied Genetics

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2004

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tom 45

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nr 2

183-187

EN

Barley powdery mildew, caused by the pathogen Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei is an important disease of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). The random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method was used to detect DNA polymorphism among 7 Pallas near-isogenic lines (NILs) carrying Mla3, Mla12, Mlk, Mlp, Mlat, Mlg and MlLa genes for resistance to B. graminis f. sp. hordei. From among 500 random 10-mer primers tested, 3 were specific for NIL P2 (Mla3), 1 for P10 (Mla12), 6 for P17 (Mlk), 46 for P19 (Mlp), 4 for P20 (Mlat), 6 for P21 (Mlg), and 4 for P23 (MlLa). The results of this study demonstrated that the RAPD technique is a useful tool for detecting DNA polymorphism among Pallas NILs.

5

Genetic relationship between Polish and Chinese strains of the mushroom Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Sing., determined by the RAPD method

100%

Staniaszek M. , Marczewski W. , Szudyga K. , Maszkiewicz J. , Czaplicki A. , Gian G.

Journal of Applied Genetics

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2002

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tom 43

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nr 1

43-47

EN

The genetic relationship between twenty-six strains of Agaricus bisporus were analysed by the RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) method. DNA amplification was performed with the use of twelve arbitrary 10-mer primers. Four primers, which gave polymorphic band patterns were chosen for RAPD analysis. In total, they gave 24 distinguishable bands, of which nine were polymorphic. The conducted research showed that there is a great genetic similarity among the examined strains. Low polymorphism of the strains may be a proof of a limited genetic pool used in the cultivation of those strains.

6

DNA polymorphism in various goose lines by RAPD-PCR.

100%

Bednarczyk M. , Siwek M. , Mazanowski A. , Czekalski P.

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2002

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tom 50

|

nr 1-2

45-48

EN

RAPD markers of ten primers were used to assess the polymorphism among pooled DNA of eight goose lines. The number of bands amplified by each primer ranged from 1 to 8, within a mean of 2.86. Some bands appeared specific for the line or genetic background. RAPD technique is an effective method for generating the polymorphic DNA marker in the goose. RAPD patterns from mixed DNA samples can reflect the genetic information of populations. The present study indicated that 10 generations selected for egg production and body weight under various pressure, resulted in genetic variation among goose lines as detected by RAPD. Selection for meat traits caused greater genetic diversity than selection for egg production.

7

Identification of molecular markers for selection of supermale (YY) asparagus plants

100%

Gebler P. , Wolko L. , Knaflewski M.

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nr 2

129-131

EN

The research was aimed to elaborate a method for selection of male plants (XY, YY) and female ones (XX) as well as for identification of supermale genotypes (YY) among male phenotypes. The population obtained by self-pollination of andromonoecious plants was analysed. In order to identify the bands differentiating the male from the female genotypes, Bulk Segregant Analysis (BSA) was carried out. Primers identified by BSA analysis were used for RAPD amplification on the template of the male and female individuals. Among the products obtained by the use of primer OPB-20, some bands were linked with sex. A band of about 700 bp was found in all female plants, and in 4 phenotypically male specimens. In the male plants, the band showed a much lower intensity, compared with the female specimens. It seems that this fragment can be linked to the X chromosome in the investigated specimens. In the female specimens with XX karyotype, template duplication occurs and hence the band intensity is twice as high as in the XY karyotype. Three male plants did not include the OPB-20-700 fragment so they could potentially have the supermale (YY) karyotype. If the obtained marker proved its usefulness for identification of supermale plants, it could become a valuable tool facilitating breeding work.

8

Saturating rye genetic map with amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers

100%

Bednarek P. T. , Masojc P. , Lewandowska R. , Myskow B.

Journal of Applied Genetics

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2003

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tom 44

|

nr 1

21-33

EN

A linkage map of rye, previously developed using DS2 ? RXL10 F2 mapping population, was enriched with 179 AFLP and 19 RAPD marker loci. The current map covers 1386 cM and contains 480 markers including 200 RFLPs, 179 AFLPs, 88 RAPDs, 12 protein loci and one dwarfing gene. AFLPs generated by EcoRI/MseI primer combinations were distributed over the entire genome as distinct loci or clusters of 2-14 tightly linked DNA fragments. New marker loci mapped distally to the existing framework, significantly increased coverage of chromosomes 1R, 2R and 5R. The average marker distance is now 2.9 cM, but in seven regions the closest markers are still more than 20 cM apart. A detailed description of the newly mapped AFLP and RAPD loci is presented. The relationship with other published rye maps is discussed.

9

Molecular Diagnostic of Streptococcus thermophilus

89%

Vanatkova Z. , Okenkova E. , Bunkova L. , Drab V. , Hrabe J.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A

|

2009

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tom Vol. 16, nr 12

1627-1635

EN

Streptococcus thermophilus is one of the most important lactic acid bacteria in the dairy industry. Despite the wide use of Streptococcus thermophilus in the industry, data on the phenotypic and genetic strain variations within the species are still limited. Genetic techniques are very useful for molecular discrimination of complex mixtures of starter and probiotic cultures in research laboratories. Detection and identification of various lactic acid bacteria species with rapid methods is often important for quality control of dairy products. This work deals with characterization and differentiation of strains Streptococcus thermophilus by PCR, RAPD and SDS-PAGE techniques. Fifteen strains of Streptococcus thermophilus from Czech Collection of Dairy Microorganisms (CCDM) and a strain of Streptococcus thermophilus from Czech Collection of Microorganisms (CCM) were used. Particular strains were confirmed with primer set THI/THII by PCR method. Consequently, their identities were examined by RAPD and SDS-PAGE techniques. Whereas, primers OPP-7 and RAPD-4, RAPD were used. It can be claimed that mentioned methods are good means for identification and characterization of streptococci.

PL

Streptococcus thermofilus jest jednym z najważniejszych przedstawicieli bakterii kwasu mlekowego. Pomimo powszechnego zastosowania tego gatunku w przemyśle mleczarskim nadal nieliczne są dane na temat jego zróżnicowania fenotypowego i genetycznego Streptococcus thermofilus. Szybka identyfikacja różnych gatunków bakterii kwasu mlekowego ma duże znaczenie dla kontroli jakości produktów mleczarskich. Niniejsza praca dotyczy charakterystyk i różnic występujących między różnymi liniami Streptococcus thermofilus. Badania zostały przeprowadzone przy użyciu technik PCR, RAPD i SDS-PAGE. Do badań użyto 15 linii Streptococcus thermofilus z Czeskiego Zbioru Mikroorganizmów Mleczarskich oraz jednej linii Streptococcus thermofilus z Czeskiego Zbioru Mikroorganizmów. Dokonano porównania primerów THI/THII między poszczególnymi liniami bakterii za pomocą techniki PCR. Następnie próbki były badane i identyfikowane przy użyciu technik RAPD i SDS-PAGE. Natomiast primery OPP-7 i RAPD-4 zbadano techniką RAPD. Badania wykazały, że zastosowane techniki mogą być skutecznie wykorzystywane do identyfikacji i charakterystyki bakterii z rodzaju Streptococcus.

10

Identification of RAPD markers in plants

88%

Marczewski W.

Biotechnologia

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1999

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nr 1

106-115

EN

The random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method is based on random amplification of DNA fragments, via PCR, using short primers of arbitrary sequence. RAPD markers have been applied to construct linkage maps, to assess genetic diversity, to study taxonomic relationships, and to tag disease resistance genes in plants. RAPD markers linked to a resistance gene can be identified using bulked segregant analysis (BSA), recombinant inbred lines (RILs) or near-isogenic lines (NILs). More reliable and specific PCR-based markers known as sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) and allele-specific associated primer (ASAP) were developed. There are several examples of the application of these DNA marker systems in marker-assisted plant breeding.

11

Genetic diversity of inbred rye lines evaluated by RAPD analysis

88%

Myskow B. , Masojc P. , Banek-Tabor A. , Szolkowski A.

Journal of Applied Genetics

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2001

|

tom 42

|

nr 1

1-14

EN

This study presents an attempt to supply breeders of hybrid rye with more genetic information on inbred lines, using molecular markers. Eighteen polymorphic loci detected by means of the RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) technique and mapped on 2R-7R rye chromosomes, were applied to study genetic similarities among forty inbred lines of rye. The lines were grouped in four main clusters revealed on dendrogram, which was generally consistent with the pedigree data. Mapped RAPD markers were shown to be a useful tool for phenetic studies in rye. Additionally, a system of 20 polymorphic fragments, detected by three primers, was developed for fingerprinting of rye lines. The system of RAPD markers, which was developed in this study, should be helpful in characterisation of rye genetic stocks used for breeding.

12

Analiza genetyczna stada przepiorki japonskiej oparta na losowej amplifikacji DNA [RAPD]

88%

Gajewka M.

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1997

|

nr 07

67-68

13

Analysis of the relationship between coefficients of relatedness and molecular similarity of parental forms with respect to the heterosis effect in maize

88%

Tomkowiak A. , Broda Z. , Moliński K. , Molińska-Glura M. , Adamczyk J.

Biometrical Letters

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2013

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tom 50

|

nr 1

39-52

EN

Within the last twenty years studies have been conducted at many research centers with the aim of dividing breeding materials into heterotic groups based on molecular markers. Molecular techniques make it possible to study the genetic purity of inbred lines, determine their genetic variability and classify breeding materials for which no information is available on their origin. This study aims to investigate relationships between coefficients of relatedness (pedigree analysis) and molecular similarity estimated on the basis of AFLP and RAPD molecular markers, between parental forms of F1 maize hybrids. Determination of these relationships will make it possible to establish a hierarchy of importance for applied methods concerning selection of parental components for heterotic crossings based on the degree of relatedness and genetic similarity. As a result of the experiment it was shown that in the case of incomplete pedigree information, in the selection of parental components for crossings we may use information concerning molecular similarity determined using AFLP markers and the Jaccard index, which to the least degree differentiates matrices of AFLP and RAPD molecular similarity.

14

Analysis of plum (Prunus domestica L.) DNA polymorphism using RAPD - PCR technique

88%

Lisek A. , Korbin M. , Zurawicz E. , Rozpara E.

Biotechnologia

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2004

|

nr 2

76-72

EN

Precise identification of plum cultivars is desired in breeding programme of the species as well as in orchard practise. The aim of the presented studies was the determination of 19 plum cultivars Prunus domestica L. diversity. RAPD-PCR technique with 77 primers (Operon Technologies) from kits OPB, OPG, OPT and OPU was used for the analysis. Fifty-five polymorphic fragments DNA (600-2700 bp) were obtained in reactions with 33 primers. The highest number of polymorphic fragments (3-5) was observed in reactions with primers OPB 07, OPB 18, OPG 09, OPG 10 and OPT 14. The reactions with OPB 07, OPB 18 and OPG 09 allowed to diversify 15 cultivars, except 'Wegierka Zwykla' and clones 'Promis', 'Tolar', 'Nectavit'.

15

Genetyczny odcisk palcow - szybka metoda identyfikacji odmian roslin sadowniczych

88%

Zurawicz E. , Pluta S. , Wroblewski T. , Szafran E. , Kuras A.

Sad Nowoczesny

|

1997

|

tom 25

|

nr 01

23-24

16

RAPD-PCR analysis of various goose populations

88%

Maciuszonek A. , Grajewski B. , Bednarczyk M.

Folia Biologica

|

2005

|

tom 53

|

nr 1-2

83-85

EN

The aim of this study was to genetically analyse by the RAPD-PCR method four indigenous Polish goose breeds, Kartuska (Ka), Lubelska (Lu), Kielecka (Ki) and Podkarpacka (Pd), in order to determine the band-sharing frequency as well as bands characteristic of the evaluated breeds. The birds were maintained as conservative flocks, accounting for a reserve of genetic resources. A total of 102 scorable bands were obtained, their number ranging from 0 to 8, depending on one of seven primers used and the group of birds analyzed, within a mean of 3.64. For each genetic group specific bands with given primers were obtained, suggesting their potential for use as population-specific markers, especially in ex-situ conservation methods. The results also suggest that keeping endangered geese as separate flocks is relevant for their preservation.

17

LaCl3 Induces Genomic DNA Instability and Increases DNA Methylation Levels in Wheat Roots

75%

Lei X. , Ma K. , Zhang F. , Lei X. , Ma K. , Zhang F.

|

18

Genetic variability and virulence of some Iranian Rhizoctonia solani isolates associated with stem canker and black scurf of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)

75%

Esfahani M. N. , Esfahani M. N.

|

19

Molecular detection and comparison of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici isolates originating from wheat and rye

75%

Irzykowska L.

|

nr 3

20

Gene transfer from Aegilops ventricosa to Triticum aestivum

75%

Tyrka M. , Stefanowska G. , Brzezinski W.

Biotechnologia

|

2001

|

nr 2

57-62

EN

RAPD (Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA) and glutenin SDS-PAGE analyses were performed on wheat hybrid strains derived from multiple crosses of hybrids between Ae. ventricosa and T. durum with hexaploid wheat. We found Aegilops specific bands (G03580 and T02990) in two hybrid strains (VGPB and VGPAA) using RAPD method. The presence of Ae. ventricosa specific fraction of glutenin was shown in one wheat hybrid strain (VGPP).