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EN
The main aim of the paper is to identify the key issues and challenges of contracting-out services by the armed forces. The paper includes both the presentation of military outsourcing theory and the lessons learned from the practice of managing military logistics. Similarly, two different research methods were used in order to achieve the aim of the study: the review and analysis of the relevant literature and the interviews with experts (commanders of military logistic units). The theoretical part covers the following issues: the role of outside contractors in the area of national defence, the theoretical background of the outsourcing concept as well as the nature, definition and scope of military outsourcing. In the empirical part, the authors indentify the lessons learned from the implementation of the contracting-out system in the Polish Armed Forces and the issues in this area which require further scientific exploration.
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The article presents the history of construction of the armored carrier MT-LB designed in 1960s in Kharkiv Tank Factory in the USSR. The serial production of the carrier in Poland and the involvement of Polish scientific and research centers in the preparation of its specialized versions is discussed. The individual versions of the carrier are characterized, streaming them according to: vehicles produced in Poland, prototype vehicles constructed in Polish scientific and research centers and vehicles obtained for the Polish Armed Forces under import. Furthermore, the article outlines the utilization of the MT-LB armored carrier and anti-aircraft missile launchers, engineering vehicles, armored recovery and command-staff vehicles built on its basis by the Polish Armed Forces’ units, drawing the attention to their role in process of technical modernization of the land forces.
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Content available remote System logistyczny Sił Zbrojnych RP wobec wymagań XXI wieku
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The optimization of logistic system results from the need of complex regulation of problems stemming from transformations carried out in the Polish Armed Forces’ logistics and also from adjusting its structures to tasks, undertaken obligations, as well as organizational-functional changes both conducted and planned. The aim of the article is to present these changes taking place in the logistic service support of forces in peacetime, mainly through tasks performed by military logistics in accordance with the forces’ needs on all organizational levels. Undoubtedly, an essential factor that causes the necessity to implement changes and adjust the Polish Armed Forces’ logistic system is Poland’s membership in NATO and the European Union. This imposes the necessity to undertake constant activities aiming at, among others, complex integration of the Polish Armed Forces’ logistic system with NATO military structures, mainly its procedures in order to gain a necessary level of standardization and unification. A general goal of this process is to increase military forces’ effectiveness and raise availability of using defence resources of the Member States. Getting rid of incorrectness in the Polish Armed Forces’ logistics is conducted successively, basing on the Minister’s of National Defence orders, provisions in the Polish Armed Forces’ development programmes and logistic development plans which set new or verify existing task and structural competence.
EN
The article presents the history of construction of the armored carrier MT-LB designed in 1960s in Kharkiv Tank Factory in the USSR. The serial production of the carrier in Poland and the involvement of Polish scientific and research centers in the preparation of its specialized versions is discussed. The individual versions of the carrier are characterized, streaming them according to: vehicles produced in Poland, prototype vehicles constructed in Polish scientific and research centers and vehicles obtained for the Polish Armed Forces under import. Furthermore, the article outlines the utilization of the MT-LB armored carrier and anti-aircraft missile launchers, engineering vehicles, armored recovery and command-staff vehicles built on its basis by the Polish Armed Forces’ units, drawing the attention to their role in process of technical modernization of the land forces.
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The course of present armed conflicts indicates the use of different instruments of power, whose major purpose is to gain control over the society and then exploit its resources. The nomenclature mentions hybrid warfare more and more frequently while seeking effective countermeasures against it. This topic is related to the creation of a new structure in the Polish Army – the Territorial Defence Force. The article presents the determinants conditioning the creation of the discussed formation and its assigned tasks. It analyses the expected objectives of the Territorial Defence Force as regards the adopted organisational structure, capability to perform its tasks and the established recruitment and training system. The article focuses in particular on countering tools of attack used in hybrid actions. The author refers to the course of events during modern asymmetric armed conflicts, for example in eastern Ukraine. Methods used by a potential enemy and the possible countermeasures exercised by the Territorial Defence Force are taken into consideration. The conclusions include an assessment of the importance of the new formation for Polish national security and defence.
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Content available remote Transformacja a model Sił Zbrojnych RP do 2018
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Content available Combat stress within the Polish Armed Forces
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The military forces usually conjure up the image of soldiers who serve in a given country, or those who carry out their duties in peacekeeping missions. They are frequently in the spotlight during their stay in the area of their operations and the performance of their duties. The memories of them and of any of the possible problems that they may encounter usually fade away once they have gone back to their country, or once they have returned to their parent unit. Interestingly, this rule also applies to other members of the military personnel. Service in the army, which frequently implies exposure to atrocities and ongoing hostilities, undoubtedly leaves its mark on people’s physical and mental health, and it can also have a major impact on the lives of professional soldiers and their families. Paradoxically, the level of stress experienced increases as the sense of a real threat goes down. Being a soldier is one of those professions in which exposure to stress is high, and there is a major risk of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), especially in those members of the armed forces who have taken part in foreign missions. This paper looks at the historical background of the phenomenon, its symptoms, its methods of diagnosis, as well as the entire system of monitoring, supporting and treating post-traumatic stress in the Polish Armed Forces. Such a study has been possible thanks to a thorough analysis of the applicable pieces of legislation, backed by an insight into a series guidelines, orders and dispositions given at all levels of command and supervision in the army.
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Content available remote Możliwości utrzymania zapasów wojennych SZ RP w gospodarce narodowej
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EN
A means leading to decrease both the costs resulting from the rotation and keeping war reserves of the armed forces is to store a particular amount of the Polish Armed Forces’ war reserves in the national economy. This issue concerns mainly the possibility to fuel and lubricants as well as food and uniforms. The author believes that the introduction of the suggested model of the reserves’ economy will not cause organisational problems, whereas the savings depending on the range of products and amounts of deposits will be significant. He estimates that they could amount to one fifth of current costs.
EN
The Minister of National Defense, as an organ of government administration whose jurisdiction also extends to cybersecurity in the military dimension, has been provided by the legislator with specific measures to ensure cybersecurity in the Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland, or in the units subordinate to them or supervised by them – in the military dimension. The Minister of Defense is in charge of the Computer Security Incident Response Team operating at the national level, through which they also perform tasks related to information systems security.
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Content available remote Strategia udziału Sil Zbrojnych RP w operacjach międzynarodowych
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The involvement of the Polish Armed Forces in international operations in the first decade of the twenty -first century has increased the interest in the military as an instrument of foreign and security policy of Poland. During the 10 years since it had to operate within the NATO military mission, the European Union, “Coalition of the Willing” and in UN peacekeeping operations. This meant the necessity to equip it with the adequate forces and provided opportunities for effective execution of the tasks posed, not only the military. On the other hand, it required a proper decision where to send Polish army abroad. It was and still is the more important because it absorbs significant costs – both financial and material, like a human lifes, and often meets with opposition from the public opinion. Despite significant international engagement in expeditionary operations in 2009 adopted “Strategy of the Armed Forces participation in international operations”. The purpose of this article is to present the basic concepts and implementations during the first year of its adoption. It also helps to draw a conclusion on both – content and application, taking into consideration the usefulness of the army as an instrument of foreign policy.
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Content available remote Uwarunkowania sprawnego przeprowadzania zmian w organizacji wojskowej
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EN
The article deals with one of the key problems connected with the Polish Armed Forces restructuring, i.e. the way and methods to conduct changes in military organisations. Taking use of interdisciplinary knowledge, particularly from management and command theory, there have been presented concepts, principles, methods and research tools adjusted to military organisations that not only can improve the process of conducting changes in military structures but at the same time guarantee their effectiveness. The theoretical bases of the process of conducting changes have been defined, the stages of this process and their explanations have been described. A special attention has been drawn to these elements which were seldom considered or noticed in the process of changes such as appropriate preparation to forthcoming changes of human teams or the evaluation of the changes effectiveness. The article also presents practical solutions concerning the following problems: how to use resources rationally in the implementation process; what criteria to take to evaluate the effectiveness of changes; how to measure the qualitative effects of changes; how to counteract resistance towards changes; how to shape positive attitudes towards changes.
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Content available remote Monitoring epidemiologiczny Polskich Sił Zbrojnych
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As a consequence of Russia’s aggressive actions – initially with regard to the annexation of Crimea, and the beginning of the armed conflict in eastern Ukraine in 2014 – many European Union countries have revised their current security and defence policies. The ongoing Russian invasion of Ukraine, initiated on 24 February 2022, only strengthened this tendency. For Poland, one of NATO’s major eastern flank states, the need to improve the management of national security that corresponds to the challenges and threats that lie ahead has become self-evident. The goal of this article is to look at the assumptions of the defence policy of the Republic of Poland, and to evaluate the country’s defence potential based on the implemented modernisation schemes.
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Content available remote Modernizacja SZ RP : aspekt pełnego zawodowstwa
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EN
The course of present armed conflicts indicates the use of different instruments of power, whose major purpose is to gain control over the society and then exploit its resources. The nomenclature mentions hybrid warfare more and more frequently while seeking effective countermeasures against it. This topic is related to the creation of a new structure in the Polish Army – the Territorial Defence Force. The article presents the determinants conditioning the creation of the discussed formation and its assigned tasks. It analyses the expected objectives of the Territorial Defence Force as regards the adopted organisational structure, capability to perform its tasks and the established recruitment and training system. The article focuses in particular on countering tools of attack used in hybrid actions. The author refers to the course of events during modern asymmetric armed conflicts, for example in eastern Ukraine. Methods used by a potential enemy and the possible countermeasures exercised by the Territorial Defence Force are taken into consideration. The conclusions include an assessment of the importance of the new formation for Polish national security and defence.
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Content available remote Przygotowanie rezerw osobowych na potrzeby profesjonalnych Sił Zbrojnych RP
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Preparing personnel reserves for the needs of professional Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland includes the evaluation of the current preparation of reserve soldiers who have a mobilization assignment and shows requirements concerning national reserve forces being formed. It also presents conditions that reserve soldiers of other NATO armies are due to meet. The process to prepare reserve personnel for professional army needs demands detailed planning and training for candidates for reserve soldiers by military bodies as well as civilian authorities and institutions. The idea of this preparation is to appropriately select required number of reserve soldiers, trained in required military specialties and inhabiting places conveniently situated in terms of a given military unit's location. Moreover, reserve soldiers’ mental and physical abilities that contribute to maintain capabilities to undertake combat actions are taken into consideration. The created system of personnel resources’ management for the professional armed forces’ needs demands acquiring these resources from many sources. These sources should be found among trained civilian volunteers as future contract reserve soldiers. Their system of training will change, as it will involve organizing various kinds of specialist courses preparing personnel resources to operations on the battlefield.
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“Theoretical and Legal Determinants of Superior’s Disciplinary Competence in the Polish Armed Forces” is a general theoretical article concerning the fundamental spectre of factors determining the superior’s disciplinary status functioning in the Polish army. Due to conclusions drawn from the analysis of the source material, the decisive factors determining the superior's disciplinary competence in the Armed Forces include the superior’s (commander’s) general competence as well as disciplinary competence. The detailed analysis of acts of law allowed including two additional elements to the mentioned above catalogue: namely the superior’s competence in the armed forces perceived as imperiousness and organizational superiority. The science of law has provided arguments that the mentioned above determinants merge and complement each other, what means that only if they are combined, they can fully reflect the superior’s disciplinary competence towards subordinate soldiers.
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Content available remote Podstawowy kurs kadrowy w opiniach uczestników kursu : 2010-2011
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During the last several years, activities connected with acquiring, collecting and using human resources (HR) for the Armed Forces were conducted in parallel with building a new model of armed forces. Improving the human resources management in the Armed Forces implied implementing organizational changes in personnel sections, which involved changes in law regulating the recruitment to the professional military service and its course. This also caused the need to assign new scope of tasks for HR specialists, define the area of competence for the employees of HR sections in the armed forces. Defining the area of knowledge (competence) for HR specialists allowed improving the programme of “Basic Staff Course for Officers” as a specialist course run in the Improvement Courses Centre for Officers at National Defence University. The article is the author’s continuation of the previously published by the Zeszyty Naukowe AON /Scientific Quarterly opinions of former Basic Staff Courses participants in 2006/2009.
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