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ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ВЧИТЕЛЯ В ШКОЛАХ ПОДІЛЛЯ ПЕРШОЇ ПОЛОВИНИ ХІХ СТ.

100%

Опушко Н.

nr 5(59)

369-376

The profession of a teacher is complex and multifaceted, it requires constant improvement of professional skills. The quality of the proceedings of the educational process and multifaceted development of the younger generation depend on the proper professional teacher training. As it is noted in the National Doctrine of Education of Ukraine in the XXI century “permanent professional development of teachers is an important condition for the modernization of education”. In our view, the improvement is impossible without studying the experience of past practice, taking into account disadvantages of activities and usage of its best ideas. Concentrating our attention on the study of education in general, summarizing its contents, forms, methods of training and education, we cannot ignore the nature and features of professional work of teachers in schools in Podillya the first half of the nineteenth century. That is an essential component of quality assurance of educational process. The article highlights the features of professional work of a teacher in schools in Podillia during the first half of the nineteenth century. In research process and analysis of historical and educational publications and archival sources on these issues, the author have analyzed the regulatory legal framework governing the activities of pedagogical staff, the peculiarities of professional training of the future teachers and semantic filling of process, identified and analyzed the main professional abilities and the nature of educational work of teachers of different types of schools in the region during the specified period, the issue of their social protection is investigated, the basic requirements (professional and personal) that treated before the candidates for the position of the teacher are noticed. It is found out that the main requirements to the teacher’s personality in the first half of the nineteenth century were: love for children, patience, courage, and responsibility. The author believes that this study is not exhaustive and further investigation needs the question of educational activities of teachers in schools of Podillia in the first half of the XX century, and examining the requirements which were applied to private teachers of the specified period.

Classic palace architecture of the eastern Podillia in Ukraine: historical background and key factors

67%

Khorosha O. , Smoliak V.

tom Vol. 11, no. 3

13--25

The article deals with the palace architecture of the style of classicism in the Eastern Podillia in Ukraine of the late 18th and early 20th centuries, in the context of historical and socio-political backgrounds. This issue remains poorly studied, because it was not considered comprehensively for Eastern Podillia. The purpose of the article is to establish the factors and historical preconditions of the architecture of the palace complexes in accordance with the world tendencies and regional features of Eastern Podillia. The complex of general scientific and special research methods was applied in the work. It was established, that the palace architecture of Eastern Podillia was formed dependent on socio-economic and political changes in society, a complex of the main factors and worldview-cultural desires of the owners of estates. Determined, that the principles of the European classicism had an impact on the creation of conceptual features and typical signs of the palace complexes of the Eastern Podilia in the context of regional architectural tendencies and belonging to the territory of the PolishLithuanian Commonwealth in the 18 century.