The presented study aimed at comprehensive assessment of the Perccottus glenii (Amur sleeper) impact on the aquatic ecosystem. Our objective was to analyze the diet, the characteristics of the prey and the feeding behavior of the Amur sleeper. Fish (349 individuals) were captured by electrofishing in autumn 2012. To estimate the dietary importance of each prey category, we calculated the percentage or proportion of each food item and its frequency of occurrence. The Costello graphical method was applied to describe the feeding strategy and prey importance. A total number of 55 taxa of benthic macroinvertebrates were identified, amounting to a total of 2448 individuals. The digestive tract was empty in 48 individuals of the Amur sleeper. The most frequent prey items of the Amur sleeper were Asellus aquaticus L, Baetis spp., the Chironomidae family which was represented by 22 taxa identified to the genus and species levels, Corixa spp. and Physa acuta Drap. Depending on the frequency of prey items, two categories of size classes with specific diet compositions in the Amur sleeper populations were determined. Feeding strategy, cluster indicators of the size classes and traits of macroinvertebrates were the main aspects covered by our study of the Amur sleeper feeding behavior.
Występowanie trawianki Perccottus glenii Dybowski, 1877 w wodach Polski po raz pierwszy stwierdzono w latach 90. XX wieku. Od tego czasu zasięg jej występowania stale się zwiększa. W 2009 roku badania ichtiofauny rzeki Główna – prawobrzeżnym dopływie Warty (Wielkopolska) – wykazały na pięciu stanowiskach występowanie 19 gatunków ryb. Liczebnie dominował kiełb, a pod względem biomasy jelec. Na trzech stanowiskach odłowiono 17 osobników trawianki o długości całkowitej 30–120 mm i masie ciała 3,3–41,5 g. Ten inwazyjny gatunek obcy do tej pory nie był notowany w dorzeczu Warty. Badane stanowiska na rzece Główna są najdalej wysuniętymi na zachód Polski miejscami bytowania trawianki
EN
Studies on ichthyofauna in the Główna River – the right tributary of the Warta River (Wielkopolska) – were carried out in October 2009. Nineteen fish species were recorded at five sites. Gudgeon Gobio gobio dominated in terms of abundance and dace Leuciscus leuciscus in terms of biomass. The dominant species were also roach Rutlius rutilus, bitterling Rhodeus sericeus and pike Esox lucius. Roach and gudgeon were characterized by the highest frequencies of occurrence, followed by pike and spined loach Cobitis taenia.Three alien species were recorded: giebel carp Carassius auratus gibelio, stone moroco Pseudorasbora parva and Amur sleeper Perccottus glenii Dybowski, 1877. The last species accounted for 5.88% of all caught fish. In total, 17 Amur sleepers (total length 30–120 mm and body mass 3.3–41.5 g) were caught in the Główna River. The size distribution indicates the full reproductive cycle of this species. So far, the investigated sites are the westernmost Amur sleeper’s locations in Poland and the first ones in the Warta River basin
This paper presents selected data from the literature on the occurrence, chronology and ways of invasion, and some of the most important aspects of the biology of the Amur sleeper, Perccottus glenii. This Siberian freshwater fish species is a member of the family Odontobutidae, and it is an invasive alien species in Polish waters. The invasion of this fish in Poland was first noted over 16 years ago. The Amur sleeper is predatory, and it possesses an extraordinary ability to survive under even the most unfavorable environmental conditions. Thus, it is considered to be exceptionally dangerous to native ichthyofauna, and it is capable of annihilating populations of tiny fish.
The invasive fish species the Amur sleeper, Perccottus glenii, has expanded rapidly its range of occurrence, and is reported in increasing numbers of European countries, including Poland. It is also considered dangerous to native ichthyofauna everywhere. Knowledge of its biology remains meager, especially with regard to the larval and early juvenile life stages. The aim of the current experiment was to evaluate the growth potential of Amur sleeper larvae using standard feeding tests performed under laboratory conditions. The results obtained were compared with corresponding data on some common, co-existing, freshwater fish species. The results provided evidence that the larval Amur sleeper growth rate is lower than that in species such as tench, rudd, chub, and perch. However, it was clearly higher than those of crucian carp and lake minnow, which is critically endangered in Poland These two species are increasingly accompanied by the invasive Amur sleeper in their natural habitats. In light of the Amur sleeper larval growth rate, high activity level, feeding plasticity immediately following hatching, and similar spawning period to many phytophilous cyprinids, it can be concluded that this alien species is capable of eliminating some native fish species by preying on eggs and larvae during the first weeks after hatching.
In October 2007 an invasive alien species, the Chinese sleeper, Perccottus glenii Dybowski, 1877 (known also as the Amur sleeper), was recorded in carp ponds in Kraków-Mydlniki (southern part of Vistula River drainage). As far as we know, this is the uppermost site in the Polish part of the Vistula River drainage. Thirty-six individuals of P. glenii were collected during fishery works. Basic morphometric measurements were obtained, following the commonly accepted procedures, in order to describe the general body shape of P. glenii.
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