The research on the phenomenon of variantivity in natural languages should comprise all their subsystems. Much attention has been given to phonetic, morphological, lexical, phraseological phenomena, while strictly paremiological ones have been handled to a lesser extent to date. The discussed issue of proverbial innovations in the contemporary Polish language partly fills in the research gap. The factographic material collected in the paper has shown a significant nominative and expressive potential of paremic units fulfilled as a result of numerous modifications of the canonical form of the proverbs used commonly in the Polish language. The said results could be obtained from the paremiological material excerpted with the use of www.google.com search engine in generally available online resources. The criterion adopted for selecting the initial units was the indicator of their frequency based on the socalled paremiological minimum. Afterwards, a secondary modified proverb was compared to its original, which enabled a description of basic innovation mechanisms and identification of the function of a specific registered innovation.
This study is dedicated to the initial reception of the work of the Bulgarian revivalist poet, journalist and folklorist Petko Rachov Slaveykov (1827–1895) in the Czech environment. Ignác Jan Hanuš used his paremiologic collection as early as in the beginning of the fifties of the 19th century, which was published anonimously though, in the following years Vasil D. Stoyanov, Konstantin Jireček, Andrey V. Zekhirov (Panov), Jan Neruda, Josef Jakub Toužimský, Koicho Bozhkov, Emanuel Fait etc. informed the public about him. The artistic side of Slaveykov was revealed to the Czech readers relatively later — in 1887 a translation of his story with the Albanian topic of Blood Revenge (Krvopomsta) (translated by Karel Červenka) and in 1901 and 1904 his several poems were published (translated by Vladislav Šak and anonimous). Mainly Czech journalists wrote about Slaveykov, to them he was a patriotic teacher in particular, a national tribune and a fighter for the Bulgarian church, who after 1878 advocated for providing democratic processes of the country. Slaveykov’s most important poems have not been translated into Czech up to this day.
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