Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Wpływ pandemii COVID-19 na zmiany w sektorze usług w Polsce

100%

Dominiak J.

|

nr nr 2 Wpływ pandemii na przemiany przemysłu i usług = The Impact of the Pandemic on the Transformation of Industry and Services

126-136

XX

Ogłoszony w 2020 r. przez Światową Organizację Zdrowia stan pandemii globalnej COVID-19 spowodował bezprecedensowe ograniczenia w funkcjonowaniu społeczeństw i gospodarki. Wpłynęły one w różnym stopniu i zakresie na sektor usług. Celem artykułu jest omówienie zmian, które zaszły w sektorze usług w okresie pandemii COVID-19, w szczególności zmian dynamiki powstawania nowych przedsiębiorstw usługowych, wpływu pandemii na kondycję ekonomiczną przedsiębiorstw, a także ich wrażliwości na tak silny bodziec zewnętrzny. Ponadto w pracy dokonano analizy zmian zachodzących w różnych rodzajach działalności usługowej (w układzie Polskiej Klasyfikacji Działalności) - wykorzystano w tym celu dane publikowane przez Główny Urząd Statystyczny oraz Eurostat.(abstrakt oryginalny)

EN

Epidemics of infectious diseases are not new in the history of mankind, but the state of the global COVID-19 pandemic announced in 2020 by the World Health Organization caused unprecedented limitations in the functioning of society and the economy. Under the influence of these restrictions, the services sector has also changed. However, the pandemic affected individual types of services to a different extent and scope, which means that the sensitivity of services to such a strong influence of an external factor varies. The aim of the article is to determine the changes in the services sector during the COVID-19 pandemic, in particular changes in the dynamics of the creation of new service enterprises, the impact of the pandemic on the economic condition of the services sector enterprises, and their sensitivity to such a strong external stimulus. The study analyses the changes taking place in various types of service activities (according to the Polish Classification of Activities). The analysis of changes taking place in the services sector in Poland is carried out with the use of data published by the Central Statistical Office and Eurostat.(original abstract)

2

Coherence on Trial: The Coronavirus Outbreak as a Critical Test for the European Union

100%

Ilik G. , Shapkoski V.

|

nr 4

25-43

EN

Starting in Wuhan in December 2019, and making its way all the way to Rome and New York in April 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has put the states, alliances and others, square in the face of a serious challenge. However, the question that happens to be a stumbling block this time has never been posed as a problem or obstacle before – the question of public health; a question that has taught the European Union a lesson about what is a top priority and how all the other policies, plans and strategies may seem unimportant overnight. This paper provides an analysis on how the European Union coped with the global threat given its limited legal possibilities, and the unprecedented situation of its Member States becoming the second outbreak point of the pandemic. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic, once again, has opened up the question of solidarity and the coherence within the EU. The conclusions drawn from this research are of great importance as a way to show whether the EU will come out of this situation with a positive outcome, confi rming its values of solidarity and coherence, or whether it will have to undertake drastic reforms in order to consolidate the latter.

3

Development and impact of public administration intervention during the pandemic period on the quality of life of low-income groups

88%

Horovenko V. , Lachytová L.

|

2022

|

nr 1

177-192

EN

COVID-19 is having an unprecedented impact on all communities around the world. Millions of people lost their jobs as a result of the government measures introduced. Social inequalities deepened and vulnerable groups were exposed to a new threat. In this contribution, we focus on the development of the pandemic on a global scale and in Slovakia, with an emphasis on individual public administration interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the contribution is to analyze the impact of the introduced measures on one of the most vulnerable segments of the population, which are the low-income groups. The contribution emphasizes marginalized groups with low income, limited opportunities and dependence on the help of others. This article is a partial output of the project VEGA 1/0595/21 – Public administration interventions at the time of COVID-19 and their impact on the quality of life of citizens of selected communities.

4

The Sopona Pandemic among the Yoruba of West Africa: Local Interpretations and Colonial Interventions

88%

Oladiti A. A. , Ajibade S. I. , Oyewale G. M.

|

2022

|

tom 12

|

nr 2

249-261

EN

Smallpox, also known as (Sopona), is one of the epidemic plagues experienced among the Yoruba people of West Africa especially in Abeokuta and Lagos under colonial rule. The aim of this study is to examine the Yoruba perception of the management of smallpox infection, socio-cultural beliefs about it and the colonial interventions in the management of the disease condition in Africa. This is necessary to explain the construction of indigenous knowledge via indigenous traditional science related to the history of medicine in Nigeria under colonialism. There is paucity of data and detailed historical narratives on the local interpretations and colonial interventions of the sopona pandemic and the procedures adopted in the containment of the spread of the disease as well as the colonial response to the disease outbreak. The interconnectivity between the pandemic and colonial rule shows that the disease condition was more difficult to control than officials expected, thereby increasing the transmission rate and spreading the epidemic among the population. Over the period, large numbers of people among the natives and colonial invaders died from the disease, causing widespread fear to the colonial authorities. The colonial officials in Nigeria were not equipped to handle the outbreak, given their uncertain knowledge of its etiology and lack of vaccination or drug for its treatment in Western medical science during the colonial period. The study relied on both primary and secondary sources. Primary data included oral interviews, newspaper reports and archival materials. Secondary sources were obtained from university libraries and research institutes across Nigeria. Data were historically analysed from the outbreak of smallpox to the period modern vaccination was introduced in 20th Century. The innovativeness of this study is to articulate how local people handled and interpreted disease conditions with their socio-cultural system and beliefs in contrast to the colonial perspectives and interventions in cases of illness and health among the Yoruba people of Africa in the colonial era. It is, therefore, against this background that this study provides a historical analysis of the Sopona pandemic among the Yoruba people of West Africa in colonial times.

5

Pandemic as a Biographical Turning Point? The Experiences of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Biographies of “Essential Workers”

88%

Mrozowicki A. , Burski J.

Qualitative Sociology Review

|

2024

|

tom 20

|

nr 2

70-89

EN

This article aims to answer the question of the biographical meaning of the pandemic in the experiences of so-called “essential workers” who performed their duties in the first line of struggle with the consequences of the COVID-19 health crisis. The analysis of workers’ experiences helps us contribute to the ongoing debates on the role of macro-level events in autobiographical storytelling and the discussion on biographical turning points in sociology. The empirical analysis is based on a collection of more than 80 biographical narrative interviews in healthcare, social care, education, and logistics, from which we selected two stories of the pivotal significance of the pandemic crisis for biographical change for analysis. Biographical analysis makes it possible to describe which conditions are conducive to the inclusion of the pandemic in the main biographical story as a turning point.

6

Medical interventions of the Fire Service during the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland

88%

Dudziński Ł. , Glinka M. , Glinka P.

|

tom 4

|

nr 2

23-31

EN

INTRODUCTION: The rescue services which take interventions in the scene of accidents include the Fire Service officers. The tasks of the Fire Service carried out to serve the society include the cooperation with units of the Emergency Medical Services and performance of medical operations. The spreading of the COVID-19 pandemic led to many changes in daily public and private life, in the functioning of institutions, public offices, the healthcare system and the uniformed services. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included a retrospective analysis of departures of Polish fire-fighting units (FFU) for isolated events of medical emergency (IEMEs) in a two-year period: from March 2019 to the end of February 2021 (one year before the pandemic and one year during the pandemic in Poland). The data come from the EWID event recording programme and the Decision-Making Support System of the State Fire Service. The quantitative data were prepared depending on the distribution of the variable: the mean and the standard deviation (if the distribution was normal) and the median and the interquartile range (if the distribution was not normal). RESULTS: The studied period included 5272 events meeting the criteria for inclusion in the analysis. An increase by over 56% was seen in IEMEs in the pandemic year compared to the previous year. The dynamics of the IEME increase are identical to the waves of the pandemic occurring in Poland. A statistically significant correlation (p<0.001, R=0.93) was demonstrated between the number of coronavirus infections and the number of IEMEs in the pandemic period. CONCLUSIONS:The studied period included 5272 events meeting the criteria for inclusion in the analysis. An increase by over 56% was seen in IEMEs in the pandemic year compared to the previous year. The dynamics of the IEME increase are identical to the waves of the pandemic occurring in Poland. A statistically significant correlation (p<0.001, R=0.93) was demonstrated between the number of coronavirus infections and the number of IEMEs in the pandemic period.

7

Managing Supply Chains During the Covid-19 Pandemic

75%

Mańkowski C. , Szmeter-Jarosz A. , Jezierski A.

Central European Management Journal

|

2022

|

tom 30

|

nr nr 4

90-110

EN

Purpose: The Covid-19 pandemic disrupted the lives of people and organizations, including supply chains (SC). Therefore, this study aims to explore concepts, methods, and tools for managing SC during the Covid-19 pandemic. Methodology: The main research methods were systematic and grey literature reviews, supported by 5W2H and 20/80 methods. Findings: Three research gaps were identified, supported by concepts, methods, and tools for managing SC during the Covid-19 pandemic with other related findings. Limitations: Short research horizon because the Covid-19 pandemic started two years ago, which precluded us from performing full results verification. Implications: This study updates and enriches supply chain management theories, especially regarding resiliency, disruption, and risk SC management. One of the fifteen research criteria was related to applied concepts, methods, and tools, which thus can be used by SC managers to implement them into practice. Originality/Value: Compared to the literature review, a systematic literature review is performed according to a structured procedure. This comprehensive study will enable researchers/managers to understand the problem and prepare measures against the pandemic in SC. (original abstract)

8

The coronavirus and center-peripheral relations in the economies of the European Union

75%

Jasiecki K.

|

nr nr 3

235-247

EN

From the perspective of the diversity of capitalism and that of economic sociology, the article deals with the issue of center-peripheral relations as one of the key dimensions of economic diversification that determines the development opportunities of the European Union. The collapse of the convergence processes during the 2008-2010 financial crisis revealed the separateness of development trajectories of various countries and geographical regions of the EU. Without reversing this phenomenon and working out new mechanisms of development convergence and institutions supporting them, the process of European integration will enter further structural crises that may lead to the disintegration of the EU. Various classifications of the core and of the peripheries of the euro area are characterized, within which several types of countries are identified with different economic characteristics (countries of the Northern core and of the Southern peripheries of the euro area, different types of peripheries in Southern Europe and in Central and Eastern Europe, the internal core and the external core or the outer core, and the internal peripheries and the external peripheries, as well as the super-peripheries including candidates or potential candidates to join the EU). The COVID-19 crisis has an asymmetric impact on the economic situation of the Member States. As with other crises, this impact will be the result of the interconnection of the prior state of economies, structural differences in growth patterns, and responses to new challenges brought about by the pandemic. Also, the consequences of the pandemic for the reconfiguration of center-peripheral relations in the EU are discussed, with a particular focus on the CEE.(original abstract)

9

The Impact of the First Covid-19 Wave on Migrant Workers: The Case of Romanians in Italy

75%

Salaris L. , Iacob A. , Anghel V. , Contu G.

|

tom 11

|

nr nr 1

23-48

EN

The Covid-19 pandemic is having an unprecedented impact on health systems, on many economic sectors and on the labour market. This critical situation is also accompanied by social destabilisation, which has exacerbated inequalities and severely affected the most disadvantaged population groups, such as migrant workers. This study provides insights into the consequences of the first wave and the lockdown period in Spring 2020 of the Covid-19 pandemic on Romanians living in Italy, using data collected by the International Association Italy-Romania 'Cuore Romeno', within a project financed by the Romanian Department for Di- aspora and developed to support actions while strengthening the link with Romanian institutions during the pandemic. Findings show that, during the lockdown, two opposite situations occurred among Romanians. Workers in the 'key sector' become indispensable and experienced only small changes, while others lost their job or experienced a worsening of working conditions, with lower wages or an increase in working hours. Most workers chose to stay in Italy, relying on their savings or the support of the Italian government. Job losses, not having new employment, and having limited savings all influenced the decision of a smaller group to return to Romania. In conclusion, the analysis suggests that measures adopted should take into consider- ation that the Covid-19 pandemic might disproportionally hit population groups such as migrants, women, young people and temporary and unprotected workers, particularly those employed in trade, hospitality and agriculture(original abstract)

10

Publiczność rozprawy w postępowaniu karnym a jej ograniczenia w związku z ogłoszeniem stanu epidemii

75%

Zimna M.

|

nr nr 2

95-112

XX

Przedmiotem artykułu jest rozważanie nad możliwością ograniczenia zasady publiczności rozprawy w postępowaniu karnym, w związku z ogłoszeniem w 2020 r. stanu epidemii w Polsce. Autorka przybliża tematykę jawności jako konstytucyjnej naczelnej zasady procesowej, wskazuje jej rangę w procesie karnym oraz opisuje możliwe wyjątki od niej. W artykule podjęto szczegółową analizę przepisów Konstytucji RP i Kodeksu postępowania karnego oraz wydanych zaleceń co do możliwości ograniczenia publiczności rozpraw, opartych na wprowadzonych szczególnych rozwiązaniach i działaniach minimalizujących ryzyko dla zdrowia publicznego, w związku z zagrożeniem rozprzestrzeniania się zakażeń wirusem SAR S CoV-2. Treść artykułu kończy podsumowanie zawierające wnioski i uwagi w zakresie rekomendowanych ograniczeń jawności rozprawy. (abstrakt oryginalny)

EN

The subject of the article is to consider the possibility of limiting the principle of public hearing in criminal proceedings in connection with the announcement of the epidemic in Poland in 2020. The author introduces the subject of openness as the main constitutional procedural principle, indicates its rank in a criminal trial and describes possible exceptions to it. The article presents a detailed analysis of the provisions of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland and the Code of Criminal Procedure as well as the recommendations issued regarding the possibility of limiting the audience of hearings, based on the introduced special solutions and actions minimizing the risk to public health, in connection with the risk of spreading virus infections SARS CoV-2. The content of the article ends with summary containing conclusions and comments on the recommended restrictions on the public hearing. (original abstract)

11

Geopolitical Competition of Global Powers during the COVID-19 Pandemic

75%

Mykhailova-Kacimi D.

|

nr nr 1

133-144

XX

Pomimo tego, że klasyczna koncepcja geopolityki została po raz pierwszy sformułowana przez Rudolfa Kjelléna na początku XX wieku, współcześni eksperci stosunków międzynarodowych wciąż dyskutują o relewantności jej pierwotnych założeń w dzisiejszych warunkach. Dyskusja akademicka toczy się wokół nowych metod geopolitycznej rywalizacji aktorów na arenie międzynarodowej. Czynniki geograficzne schodzą w niej na dalszy plan, podczas gdy na pierwszy wysuwają się czynniki ekonomiczne, militarne, technologiczne i informacyjne. Celem artykułu jest analiza wpływu geopolitycznej rywalizacji globalnych liderów podczas kryzysu COVID-19. W tekście przedstawiono tendencję do zaostrzania się konkurencji geopolitycznej między Zachodem a sojuszem chińsko-rosyjskim. Stopień nasilenia rywalizacji geopolitycznej stwarza zagrożenie dla bezpieczeństwa i stabilności UE. Rozważania dotyczące rywalizacji geopolitycznej powinny dotyczyć następujących zagadnień: jej głównych aktorów, kluczowych metod tej rywalizacji oraz ich przemian w dobie pandemii koronawirusa.(abstrakt oryginalny)

EN

Despite the fact that the classical concept of geopolitics was first formed by Rudolf Kjellén in the early 20th century, modern experts in international relations still discuss the feasibility and relevance of these classical methods in today's conditions. The academic debate revolves around new methods of geopolitical struggle in the foreign policy of the states in the international arena. Geographical features take a back seat, and economic, military, technological and informational factors come to the fore. The article's aim is to analyse the impact of geopolitical competition of world leaders during the COVID-19 crisis. The author demonstrates the tendency of aggravation of geopolitical competition between the so-called Collective West and Chinese-Russian alliance. The degree of intensity of geopolitical competition poses a threat to the security and stability of the EU. To discuss the geopolitical competition, it is proposed to include the following issues: the main actors of geopolitical competition, the key methods of this competitiveness and their evolution under the coronavirus pandemic.(original abstract)

12

Strategic Management Processes in Organization : Challenges during the Pandemic

75%

Nowicka-Skowron M. , Stachowicz J.

|

nr nr 4 (52)

99-116

EN

Introduction/background: The pandemic has had an impact on the rapid change in the conditions of the functioning of society, the economy and organization itself. Fundamental changes in decisions have occurred in various areas. The processes of strategic significance are of key importance, which determine the further functioning of society and the economy.Aim of the paper: The basic aim of writing this paper is to highlight the extraordinary phenomena of the COVID-19 pandemic in the context of the processes of strategic management in organizations. Moreover, the aim of indicating new challenges to managers of a crisis nature was adopted, which must be taken into account in terms of the strategic decisions of the organization at hand.Materials and methods: The authors utilized an analysis of scientific works relating to the problems of strategic management, together with deliberations in the science and practice environment related to the challenges of the pandemic sphere. Similarly, the survey and statistical research methods were applied in the domain of strategies, and the development of customer service on the Internet in terms of public administration.Results and conclusions: The research outcome was the indication of the following: - the development of the Internet in strategic management in organizations with regard to the challenges of the pandemic,- the utilitarianism of e-administration in serving clients of the administration offices of the province of Silesia (województwa śląskiego - 96 entities analyzed),- the implementation of strategic management in qualitative and pro-social dimensions. (original abstract)

13

The Impact of the Pandemic on the Functioning of Business Models With an Example of Selected Family Businesses

75%

Ociepa-Kubicka A.

|

nr z. 158 Modernity of Industry and Sciences = Nowoczesność przemysłu i nauki

461-472

EN

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to indicate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the functioning of business models of selected companies. The analysis of the operation and direction of changes in the business model was carried out with an example of two family businesses. Conducting research on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the change in business models of companies is important due to the fact that the pandemic forced changes in the operation of many plants, which could affect the functioning of the business models adopted so far. For entrepreneurs, it is important to indicate how to modify and create business models that will work in different conditions. A good business model concept not only allows the company to gain better insight into its own business, but also allows for improvements and innovations. Design/methodology/approach: Business model analysis is based on one of the most popular business model templates, which is the Business Model Canvas. Changes in the functioning of the business model before the pandemic in 2018 and in 2021 were assessed. Nine elements of the business model were analysed, i.e. customer segments, value proposition, channels/communication, distribution, sales, customer relations, revenue streams, key resources, key activities, key partners, cost structure. The analysis was based on literature studies on the subject discussed and on the basis of data obtained during interviews with business owners. Findings: When analysing the examples of companies and their business model, it can be concluded that the changes in the elements of the business models of the surveyed enterprises were both quantitative and qualitative. Companies have made the most changes in the following elements: key resources, key activities, key partners, cost structure. Other elements included in the Business canvas model have only partially changed, such as customer relations. During the pandemic, another important aspect was noticed in companies, related closely to employees. The lack of an employee due to illness or the lack of a replacement for such an employee generated big problems, confusion at the level of customer relations, customer contacts, contacts with partners, timeliness of production and delivery, etc. The author proposed modifications to the existing BUSINESS CANVAS MODEL by adding the "employees" element. An analysis of this additional element in the model already at the stage of creating a business model can help new companies build a stable business model that will work in difficult situations. In crisis situations, such as the Covid-19 pandemic, employers should quickly plan the division of responsibilities in accordance with the principles of safety and prevention of infection, and make efforts to restore a normal, healthy rhythm of their company as soon as possible. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and implement new strategies and additional activities to ensure the safety and productivity of people and thus build a businessresilient company. Practical implications: Implementation of a new business model modified by the author of the publication will help new companies build a stable business model that will work in difficult situations such as the pandemic. Originality/value: The research is aimed primarily at owners of family businesses. The added value to the article is an attempt to identify elements of the business model that should be paid special attention to when creating new business models. The operation of business models during the pandemic requires a broader analysis and the presented research results contribute to reducing the cognitive gap in this area. Analysis of business models of the sample companies may constitute an introduction to broader research on the creation of innovative business models that will be able to work in the rapidly changing conditions of the company's environment.(original abstract)

14

Skutki ekonomiczne restrykcyjnego lockdownu jako strategii walki z pandemią

75%

Herman S. , Lach B.

|

nr nr 4 (66)

71-86

XX

Pandemia COVID-19 ma ogromny wpływ na zdrowie publiczne na całym świecie. W celu ograniczenia rozwoju choroby w większości państw wprowadzono bardziej lub mniej restrykcyjne ograniczenia. Wiązały się one z ogromnymi kosztami ekonomicznymi oraz społecznymi. Zasadniczym celem artykułu jest zbadanie wpływu restrykcyjnego lockdownu na kondycję gospodarczą państwa. W tym celu w badaniu wykorzystano metodę syntetycznej kontroli. Analizę przeprowadzono z wykorzystaniem danych z baz Eurostat oraz OECD. Uzyskane wyniki pozwalają stwierdzić, iż decyzja o niewprowadzaniu restrykcyjnego lockdownu w Szwecji uchroniła gospodarkę tego kraju przed znaczącym pogorszeniem wskaźników związanych z deficytem i długiem publicznym. Jednocześnie taka polityka rządu nie spowodowała istotnych zmian w rozwoju gospodarczym kraju. Uzyskane wyniki są odporne na zmianę założeń przyjętych w badaniu.(abstrakt oryginalny)

EN

COVID-19 pandemic has had a substantial impact on public health all over the world. In order to prevent the spread of COVID-19, the majority of countries introduced restrictions which resulted in enormous economic and social costs. The main goal of the article is to study the impact of the restrictive lockdown on the economic condition of the state. For this purpose, the synthetic control method was used. The analysis was carried out based on data from Eurostat and OECD. The obtained results allow us to conclude that the decision not to introduce a restrictive lockdown in Sweden saved the economy of this country against a significant deterioration of indicators related to the deficit and public debt. At the same time, such a government policy did not cause any significant changes in the economic development of the country. The results are resistant to the change of assumptions in the study.(original abstract)

15

Ograniczenia praw pracowniczych w związku ze stanem epidemii COVID-19 w Polsce - wybrane zagadnienia

75%

Czerw J.

|

2022

|

nr nr 9

67-76

XX

Ogłoszenie stanu epidemii w Polsce wiąże się z wprowadzeniem szeregu ograniczeń, w tym między innymi ograniczeń praw pracowniczych. Ograniczenia te wynikają między innymi z przepisów ustawy o szczególnych rozwiązaniach związanych z zapobieganiem, przeciwdziałaniem i zwalczaniem COVID-19, innych chorób zakaźnych oraz wywołanych nimi sytuacji kryzysowych, które przewidują poszerzenie niektórych uprawnień pracodawców w stosunku do pracowników, a tym samym ograniczenie praw pracowniczych. Powyższe ograniczenia praw pracowniczych mają charakter nadzwyczajny i mogą być zastosowane jedynie w przypadku ogłoszenia stanu zagrożenia epidemicznego albo stanu epidemii. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie najistotniejszych z ograniczeń praw pracowniczych wynikających z powołanej wyżej ustawy.(abstrakt oryginalny)

EN

The announcement of the epidemic in Poland is associated with the introduction of a number of restrictions, including restrictions on employment rights. These restrictions result, inter alia, from the provisions of the Act on special solutions related to the prevention, counteracting and combating of COVID-19, other infectious diseases and emergencies caused by them, which provide for the extension of certain rights of employers in relation to employees, and thus limiting employee rights. The above restrictions on employment rights are of an extraordinary nature and can only be applied in the event of the declaration of an epidemic emergency or a state of epidemic. The purpose of this article is to present the most important restrictions on employment rights resulting from the aforementioned Act.(original abstract)

16

Use of National Defence during Emergencies in Hungary and Poland, in Particular for Problems Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic

75%

Molnar C. , Gonczi L. , Velez N. , Kari G. , Bodó B. I. , Karasz M.

|

tom 68

|

nr nr 2

145-165

XX

Celem opracowania było zbadanie roli węgierskich Sił Zbrojnych we wdrażaniu środków państwowych przeciwko rozprzestrzenianiu się koronawirusa SARS-CoV-2. Postanowiliśmy jednak spojrzeć na to z perspektywy porównawczej, ponieważ badamy również to, w jaki sposób i w jakim stopniu polskie Siły Zbrojne były zaangażowane w walkę z pandemią COVID-19. Badaniu zostały poddane także ramy prawne zaangażowania sił zbrojnych w porównawcze wykonywanie zadań w tym zakresie przez administrację cywilną. (abstrakt oryginalny)

EN

The aim of the study was to examine the Hungarian Defence Forces' role in implementing state measures against the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. However, we decided to look at it from a comparative perspective, as we are also examining how and to what extent the Polish Armed Forces were involved in overcoming the COVID-19 pandemic. The legal framework for the involvement of the armed forces in the comparative performance of tasks in this area by the civil administration was also examined. (original abstract)

17

Protectionism and the Global Trade Stagnation

75%

Vitale A.

|

nr nr 4

147-153

XX

Protekcjonizm ostatnich dwunastu lat zmusza wiele krajów do wycofania się w obliczu niszczycielskich skutków tej polityki dla ich gospodarek i światowego handlu. Pandemia COVID-19 jeszcze bardziej uwydatniła, jak omawiana polityka może być destrukcyjna i prowadzić do zubożenia. Obecny globalny kryzys pandemiczny spowodował nagłe i prawdopodobnie długotrwałe hamowanie handlu międzynarodowego. Byłoby jednak błędem traktowanie go jako wyłącznej lub najważniejszej przyczyny stagnacji w światowym handlu. W rzeczywistości grunt został już przygotowany przez kryzys ekonomiczno-finansowy lat 2007-2008, a w szczególności przez wybory "nacjonalizmu ekonomicznego" typu neo-protekcjonistycznego, który precyzyjnie wykorzystał politycznie nowoczesną granicę liniową. Globalizacja to przede wszystkim pokonywanie barier politycznych, granic i otwarcie na światowy rynek wolnego handlu. Jednak nadal utrudniają to czynniki polityczne, wśród których protekcjonizm od wielu lat jest uważny za główny czynnik. Polityka ta, realizowana na dużych obszarach przez główne mocarstwa światowe, spowodowała długą fazę "deglobalizacji", charakteryzującą się ponownym wykorzystaniem nowoczesnej granicy do zamknięcia gospodarek na długo przed kryzysem pandemicznym.(abstrakt oryginalny)

EN

The protectionism of the last twelve years is forcing many countries to backtrack in the face of the devastating consequences of those policies on their economies and the world trade. The pandemic COVID-19 has highlighted even more how those policies may be destructive and produce impoverishment. The current global pandemic crisis is producing an abrupt and probably very long braking effect on international trade. However, it would be wrong to consider it as the exclusive or the most important cause of global trade stagnation. In fact, the ground had already been prepared by the economic-financial crisis of 2007-2008 and in particular by the choices of "economic nationalism" of neo-protectionist type, which made a precise political use of the modern linear border. Globalisation means mainly the overcoming of political barriers, borders, and the opening to the global free trade market. On the contrary, it is now still hindered by heavy political factors, among which protectionism has been the main one for many years. Those policies, implemented on the large areas by major world powers, have caused a long phase of "de-globalisation", characterised by the renewed use of the modern border to enclose economies, well before the pandemic crisis.(original abstract)

18

Drifting towards Anarchy or a New Beginning? The Coronavirus vis-à-vis Political Changes in the European Union

75%

Jasiecki K.

|

2021

|

nr nr 1 (213)

103-122

EN

The article deals with the issue of the impact of the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic on political changes in the EU from a neo-institutional perspective. The pandemic has created qualitatively new challenges for the European Union after a "decade of crises." Due to the dramatic and destructive nature of COVID-19, it is becoming a catalyst for unprecedented systemic changes in the Member States and EU institutions. The impact of the coronavirus on conflicts and divisions in the EU is analysed using the category of Europeanization in selected key dimensions: political unification within the EU, institutional changes at the EU level, the impact of the EU institutions on the Member States, the territorial scope of the EU and the spread of EU institutions beyond Europe. Selected consequences of the pandemic affecting the future of European integration are discussed in terms of different variants of disintegration or reintegration of the EU and the role and place of Central and Eastern European countries in these changes. (original abstract)

19

Republika Federalna Niemiec - Chińska Republika Ludowa

75%

Zyblikiewicz L.

|

nr nr 2 Świat - Europa - Niemcy : historyczne i współczesne problemy stosunków międzynarodowych. Część 2, Europa - Niemcy

259-293

XX

Stosunki między Niemcami a Chinami charakteryzuje mocna dynamika i rozległość. Ich znaczenie dla przekształceń ładu światowego jest duże i wciąż rośnie. Układ sił między gospodarkami obu państw zmieniał się gwałtownie, odwracając pod pewnymi względami swoje role. Zmiany są jeszcze większe, gdy uwzględnimy cechy jakościowe obu gospodarek. Stosunek Niemiec wobec ChRL cechuje napięcie między interesami a wartościami lub wartościami materialnymi a niematerialnymi. Stojący na czele rządów, z wyjątkami, mocno opowiadali się za zwiększaniem zaangażowania Niemiec we współpracę z Chinami, dostosowując się do oczekiwań coraz to bardziej pewnych siebie Chin. Zmiany w gospodarce i polityce światowej, w szczególności w stosunkach między Stanami Zjednoczonymi a Chinami oraz wielostronne skutki pandemii, zaowocowały próbami zmian w polityce UE i Niemiec wobec Chin, jak również - prawdopodobnie silniejszymi - uwarunkowaniami i ograniczeniami dla nich. (abstrakt oryginalny)

EN

The feature of the relationship between Germany and China are strong dynamics and large scope. Its impact on the transformations of the global order is huge and increasing. The balance of economic power between them has been changing dramatically, reversing in some regards their positions. The changes turn out more considerable in case of taking into account results of qualitative analysis of both economies. The distinct attribute of Germany's approach to China is conspicuous tension between interests and values, embedded usually in traditionally meant world-order mindset. Nevertheless, with only few and transient exceptions, each chief of federal government has contributed sufficiently strong support for ultimately assuring symbiotic cooperation with China while adjusting to the expectations of more and more assertive China. New developments in the world economy and politics, in particular in relations between the United States and China as well as wide-ranging consequences of the pandemia, have brought about some attempts of new policies of the EU and Germany as well as new - probably stronger - determinants and constraints. (original abstract)

20

Cyfryzacja gospodarki światowej w warunkach pandemii COVID-19

75%

Talar S.

Prace Naukowe / Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach

|

2022

|

tom Zmiany w gospodarce światowej wywołane pandemią COVID-19

107-122

XX

Celem rozdziału jest określenie wpływu cyfryzacji na skutki pandemii oraz wpływu pandemii na proces cyfryzacji gospodarki światowej w dłuższej perspektywie czasu. Przyjęto hipotezę mówiącą, że zależność między pandemią a wykorzystaniem technologii cyfrowych jest obustronna. Specyficzna sytuacja, w której pojawiła się pandemia COVID-19, miała zarówno negatywny, jak i pozytywny wpływ na jej skutki. Częściowe zniwelowanie negatywnych konsekwencji pandemii umożliwiło wykorzystanie narzędzi cyfrowych. Z kolei jednym z istotnych skutków pandemii jest przyśpieszenie cyfryzacji oraz zmiana znaczenia poszczególnych aspektów związanych z globalną cyfryzacją, które będą wyznaczać długookresowe kierunki działań zmierzających do zbudowania odpornego i zrównoważonego światowego systemu społeczno-gospodarczego. W niniejszym badaniu wykorzystano metodę studiów literaturowych, analizy informacji jakościowo-ilościowych ze źródeł wtórnych, syntezy i wnioskowania.(fragment tekstu)