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EN
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected many aspects of human life. In the described case, the impact of the pandemic on the last mile will be discussed in more detail. At the very beginning, the topic of the last mile was introduced, as well as how it relates to parcel machines. Then, in the second point, the changes that took place during the pandemic in the online shopping market were presented. In the third point, the issue of parcel machines was raised, where the demand for courier services in Poland was described based on the UKE report and the demand for parcel machines was discussed. The fourth point presents the detected problems related to the emerging parcel lockers as well as ways to solve them and measures for the machines to stay on the market. The aim of the article is to present the impact of the pandemic on the development of the parcel machine service in Poland and to present the proposed directions for further development.
2
Content available Should Polish monetary policy go long?
84%
Bezpieczny Bank
|
2020
|
tom 79
|
nr 2
25-30
PL
Esej traktuje o optymalizacji polityki pieniężnej w Polsce w warunkach kryzysu gospodarczego wywołanego pandemią COVID-19. Początkowo rozważane są możliwe warianty wzrostu PKB i inflacji w 2020 r., a następnie skoncentrowano się na polityce pieniężnej. W szczególności omówiono decyzje Rady Polityki Pieniężnej z marca i kwietnia 2020 r., a następnie przeanalizowano możliwości wydłużenia horyzontu tej polityki, w szczególności dzięki utrzymywaniu stóp procentowych długoterminowych operacji repo na niższym poziomie niż stopa referencyjna. W tekście wykorzystano koncepcję reversal interest rate. Mimo, że generalnie Autor popiera wydłużanie horyzontu polskiej polityki pieniężnej, to akcentuje ryzyka związane z wdrażaniem niestandardowych instrumentów tej polityki.
EN
This essay discusses the optimal shape of monetary policy in Poland as the Polish economy faces the COVID-19 pandemic. It starts by discussing possible scenarios for GDP and inflation dynamics in 2020, and next it focuses on monetary policy. It reviews recent moves as taken by the Monetary Policy Council in March and April 2020, and then analyses the possibility of monetary policy in Poland going long by allowing interest rates on long-term repo operations to be lower than the reference rate. In doing so it uses, among others, the idea of reversal interest rate. Although this paper generally supports the idea of Polish monetary policy going long, it also underlines some potential risks of implementing non-standard instruments of monetary policy.
EN
Purpose: This paper attempts to reveal the potential differences between the portfolios of dividend-paying companies with growth or value potential and the same portfolios fortified with the financial instruments replicating precious metals or real estate price behavior in a turbulent global economy. Design/methodology/approach: The research objective of this paper is accomplished by means of a thorough literature analysis. Moreover, the authors employ comparative analysis methods to explore the features of stock portfolios held by dividend-paying companies with value or growth potential and portfolios of the companies that are fortified with financial instruments replicating the price behavior of precious metals or real estate and uncover the similarities and differences. Research of the characteristics of financial instrument portfolio variants and comparison between them is conducted by means of standard deviation of the rate of return, coefficient of variation, the Pearson correlation coefficient and the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. It was also assessed whether the estimated correlation coefficients were statistically significant through the use of a non-parametric correlation coefficient significance test. Findings: The results of the empirical analyses conducted here reveal that the average annual return of portfolios held by dividend-paying companies with value and growth potential is lower than ETFs replicating precious metals. Furthermore, during the turbulent economy of 2020, the inclusion of precious metal assets boosted the rates of return of the Polish dividend-paying companies portfolios. Research limitations/implications: The research was carried out on a limited number of the analyzed companies. Therefore, it could be biased, due to the deterministic stock sampling method. Practical implications: Knowledge of the similarities and differences between dividend-paying companies with value or growth potential and the risk diversification of such companies’ stock portfolios by means of instruments replicating the price behavior of precious metals or real estate is of great importance to both the investors and investment funds' boards. Consequently, one can make better investment decisions. Social implications: Among the paper's social implications, the most important appears to be a possible change in the investors' attitude towards dividend-paying companies with value potential and financial instruments replicating the price behavior of precious metals or real estate. Ultimately, investors’ needs could be better addressed. Originality/value: What is new in the paper is the stock comparison of dividend-paying companies' with value and growth potential with precious metals and real estate-based instruments. The paper also attempts to compare efficiency of investing in the portfolio variants, capturing the effect of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, thereby filling our knowledge gap.
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