The thesis of this paper is that legacy and approach of the Polish Praxiological School determine promising material to develop praxiology as metatheory for management sciences. The idea of developing praxiology as metatheory for management sciences is advanced and long-term research project (in text the author groups its problems in seven, correlated areas). Comparative analyses of subject literature allows the author to submit a proposition that, basic theorems of praxiology, i.e. practical directives (both as logical and normative sentences) are similar in many ways to organization theory theorems. Therefore, he thinks, that with help of certain theoretical interventions, one can use (and develop) praxiology and metapraxiology to work out some of the management sciences metatheoretical problems. These problems are, e.g. structural chaos and ambiguity of basic management sciences terminology. The author focuses his attention on: 1) designing of praxiological systematization of management sciences, and 2) application of idea of praxiological efficaciousness to solving the ambiguity problem of basic management sciences terminology (shown on the example of effectiveness term).
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The aim of the paper is presentation of Wojciech Gasparski's contribution to business ethics. Wojciech Gasparski developed praxiological concept of human action. After discussing development of polish praxiology, in particular Tadeusz Kotarbinski's views, the contribution of Wojciech Gasparski - lightening of ethicality, taken together with effectiveness and efficiency of human action is presented.
The term efficiency is complex, relative and multi-dimensional from the viewpoint of economics, praxiology as well as system research. Therefore, the efficiency should be defined with great precision and its categorization, measurement, an interpretation of its changes as well as identification of factors having an influence on efficiency require some care. Praxiology seems to constitute a good starting point in solving the above problems. When considering the efficiency of managing an organization, a set of instruments provided by praxiology is also very useful for operationalization of a measurement procedure. Differentiation of efficiency, its changes and improvement are determined by many factors. Until recently all of the research in this area has been focused on the intra-organizational factors. In the current state of knowledge, it is necessary to extend the analyses to take also into account the impact of operating environment, at local, national and even global level, on the functioning and the efficiency of enterprises including the agricultural ones.
The trustworthy guardian is a person that can be relied on in difficult circumstances, one who will always show sympathy and offer help when they are needed. A consistent practice of being a trustworthy guardian is difficult due to several dilemmas. One concerns the question if support is due only to the deserving or also to the despicable characters. After all, by aiding a blameworthy character one becomes an accomplice to his malice. Another dilemma is if one should favour the nearest and dearest, or whether one should be impartial between those whom he loves and hates. Finally a trustworthy guardian may be torn between following the strongest ethical impulse and the desire to act efficiently. Kotarbinski valued efficiency very high, and made specific recommendation for its practice in a theory which he called praxiology.
The author of this article makes an attempt to point out that economy can be seen as an activity in praxiology. Moreover, the author explains the meaning of praxiology, economy and its connection with economics and then analyses some elements of an activity and presents their similarity to the economy. The main intention of the article is to show that achievements of praxiology can be a useful method of improvement in our daily economic life.
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The author states that (a) political engineering is the most important part of social engineering; (b) the cognitive fundaments of social engineering are: praxiology, history, and anthropology. The rules of political engineering are also addressed: (a) those that are used in various space-temporal conditions of human mutual relations; (b) those that are applied in certain periods; (c) those that appear in some political games with use of social engineering. It is also stated that true 'homo politicus' is an political engineer. To the end the importance of the 'Methodological note' (W.I. Thomas and F. Znaniecki) included in the book 'Chlop polski w Europie i Ameryce' is addressed.
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This article describes the approach to business which can be found the work of Wojciech Gasparski. A special stress is put on the fact that professor Gasparski, himself a prominent representative of Polish praxiology, makes use of the basic praxiological premises. According to this theory business is seen as something performing its basic, 'technical' function which consists in the maximisation of so called owner's value. It does not mean that ethical aspects of business or the problem of social responsibility of companies are being neglected. The main purpose is rather to build a solid basis for an ethical reflection on business. Wojciech Gasparski builds a 'minimal business ethics', which does not create an Arcadian vision of business, but tends to propagate professional standards in this field, already accepted in many European countries.
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