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1

SÍDLISKO Z DOBY RÍMSKEJ V PEDERI. REVÍZNE SPRACOVANIE NÁLEZOV

100%

Luštíková L.

Študijné zvesti

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2017

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nr 61

117 - 136

EN

The settlement in Peder, which was partly investigated in 1963, provided a collection of pottery and small artefacts documenting settlement from the end of the Early and during the Late Roman period. Despite the small area of investigation, settlement features, farm buildings, technical structures and a well were studied. The results of this investigation were published in 1969. The aim of the submitted article is to complete the information on pottery and other finds in form of drawn reconstructions and evaluate them on the basis of more recent investigations and results of research in the Region of the upper Tisza River.

2

STREDOVEKÁ KERAMIKA NA SEVEROZÁPADNOM SLOVENSKU

100%

Vangľová T.

Študijné zvesti

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2010

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nr 48

91 - 140

EN

The article deals with the closed settlement finds from rural areas from Turčianska kotlina and Žilinská kotlina basins and from upper Váh basin (the current districts of Považská Bystrica and Púchov), which date to the Early and High Middle Ages (8th-14th centuries). Our aim was to create a typology of ceramic material from collected objects and try to determine the chronological development of pottery in a given area. The essential issues included: relative chronology of pottery development in a given area, continuity or discontinuity of pottery development in a given area, relation of pottery production to neighbouring areas (south-western Slovakia, Silesia, Moravia, and possibly Lesser Poland) in the Early and High Middle Ages. Chronologically clear material from the processed area is insufficient and does not cover the whole period of the Early to High Middle Ages. Therefore, the continuity of pottery development can be neither confirmed nor disproved.

3

ŠEBASTOVCE-BARCA, KERAMIKA DOBY RÍMSKEJ

100%

Luštíková L.

Študijné zvesti

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2013

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nr 54

91 - 110

EN

In 2012, the revision of the settlement finds from Šebastovce-Barca (1961, 1962) has started. It was focused on the detailed technical evaluation of pottery assemblage that has been presented in the scientific literature in 1961–1969.

4

ARCHEOLOGICKÉ NÁLEZY Z OPONICKÉHO HRADU. ROZBOR NÁLEZOV ZÍSKANÝCH POČAS SANÁCIE HRADU V ROKOCH 2001–2014 A ARCHEOLOGICKÉHO VÝSKUMU V ROKOCH 2015–2016

100%

Repka D. , Sater P. , Šimunková K.

Študijné zvesti

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2017

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nr 62

181 - 206

EN

The paper is focused on the analysis of the movable archaeological material from the 13th to 17th century, which was found on the Oponice castle during the archaeological excavations in 2015 and 2016. Excavation was carried by the Department of Archaeology of the Philosophical Faculty at the Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra. Evaluated are as well as unpublished finds obtained at the time of remediation and reconstruction works, which provided at the castle by the Apponiana Citizens Association since 2001. Collection of finds can be typologically divided into nine categories – pottery, stove tiles, ceramic tiles, glass, metal artefacts, coins, a bone object, plaster, and animal bones.

5

THE EARLY MEDIEVAL SETTLEMENTS AT THE BORDERLAND BETWEEN POLAND AND RUS': THE STRONGHOLD IN BUSÓWNO IN RECENT ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXPLORATION (Osadnictwo wczesnosredniowieczne polsko-ruskiego pogranicza. Grodzisko w Busównie w swietle ... badan)

100%

Buko A. , Dzienkowski T.

Sprawozdania Archeologiczne

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2008

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tom 60

325-367

EN

The authors present finds (pottery, metal artifacts and so on) from the Early Medieval stronghold, composed of several (two or three) ramparts, take up approx. 7 hectares, at Busówno on the borderland between Poland and Rus'. Then they reconstructed two evolution phases of the mentioned stronghold: (I) before the formation of the state (the beginning of the settlement in Busówno was related to the circular external rampart surrounding an area of approx. 7 hectares (at the present stage of exploration, open settlement at an earlier period cannot be ruled out). Its well-thought-out structure combined defensive elements with protection against the erosive activity of water. The rampart consisted of a low earthen embankment and undetermined wooden constructions filled with earth and reinforced with a stone 'offset'), (II) the first centuries of the state (re-settlement of Busówno resulted in spatial transformation of the town: its functional area and the extent of its development decreased. A large complex covering several hectares was changed into a 3-hectare settlement concentrated around the mound and the northern and western parts of the inner grounds. The interior rampart, traceable only in the eastern and northern part of the complex, probably dates back to that period. Its earthen embankment, the presence of a fascine on its slopes and the lack of traces of reinforcement show that the feature may have functioned as a dam protecting the settlement from seasonal rises of the water level). Busówno in Phase II has been noted in historical sources. The Galych-Volhynian chronicle mentions a Yatvingian raid against Busowno and Ochoz under the year 1234. This extremely important information probably establishes the terminus ad quem for the construction of the stronghold, but it also points to political significance of the place.

6

MANIFESTATIONS OF NEOLITISATION IN PREHISTORIC ART

88%

Gediga B.

Slovenská archeológia (Slovak Archaeology)

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2016

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tom 64

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nr 2

183 – 192

EN

The transition to an economy based on the production in the New Stone Age (Neolithic) was the event with far-reaching consequences in different fields of culture. The changes that took place in social consciousness in the Neolithic Period were, however, extremely important. People became conscious that the success of their economic activity depended on a large number of environmental factors, which people felt to be dependent on, among others forces of nature having not a specific shape in reality, such as reproductiveness and fertility. That resulted in directing the religious imagination to symbolism. We find this in art of Neolithic societies. For this sphere of culture, which we regard as manifestation of artistic activity of Neolithic societies that underwent a process known as neolithisation, there were two events of major importance for the culture of that time: the beginning of a sedentary way of life and appearance of pottery. The first of these events involved the development of building and architecture, while pottery created new space for artistic activity. The figurative art of the Neolithic is very richly represented, mainly by female representations. It seems that there is a kind of a renaissance of female figurative art in the Neolithic, after a long interval since the Palaeolithic. However, it would be too far-reaching to say that this is tantamount to a renaissance of analogical symbolism of these representations. Among few male representations, a preserved fragment of a figurine from Kraków-Pleszów. Among figural representations from the Neolithic, there is also quite an impressive set of zoomorphic figures, most of them of four-legged mammals (Jordanów Śląski), i.e. cattle. Short remarks about manifestations of the process of neolithisation in prehistoric art, presented above, only outline the role of appearance of pottery. This is not the complete picture, though cognitively very attractive, as it offers a special opportunity to research on the difficult sphere of symbolic culture in general and religion in particular.

7

Ideqqi: keramika kabylských žen

88%

Půtová B.

Národopisná revue (Journal of Ethnology)

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2013

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tom 23

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nr 3

159 – 168

EN

This study deals with Kabyle pottery representing traditional Berber craftsmanship and artwork that has been developing for centuries in the territory of modern-day Algeria. The study focuses on Kabyle pottery, perceived as a specific set of artefacts, and on its manufacturers − Kabyle women. The manufacture of Kabyle pottery is artisan handwork, tabooed in many ways; it has been passed on from mother to daughter. Women have learnt know-how and practical skills concerning pottery manufacture through oral tradition and everyday experience. Kabyle pottery shows a specific feminine style, uncovering thus the Kabyle women’s mentality and their secret knowledge hidden in traditional society. The study describes and analyses phases of Kabyle pottery manufacture, its typology and motifs, which are presented as an independent semiotic system. The origin of Kabyle pottery still remains in a shroud of mystery. On the one hand, Kabyle pottery exhibits traits of autochthonous culture; on the other hand, it has also absorbed some foreign cultural influences. At present, Kabyle tribes strengthen their cultural identity and return to thein cultural roots through the production of traditional Kabyle pottery. Moreover, motifs of Kabyle pottery inspire contemporary artists. This study further aims to describe, analyse and interpret Kabyle pottery as a unique demonstration of Berber culture which is an inseparable part of the Kabyle women’s world.

8

SÍDLISKO ĽUDU BADENSKEJ KULTÚRY V KAMENÍNE II

88%

Nevizánsky G.

Študijné zvesti

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2013

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nr 54

59 - 80

EN

The paper is focused on the results of analysis of the mono-cultural settlement of the Baden Culture in lower Hron region. Within the village cadastre two Baden Culture settlements are registered. The source base comes from the smaller one. Operationally, it is referred to as Kamenín II. There were 16 settlement features unearthed containing a relatively small amount of pottery. Within the shapes, mainly bowls, cups, jugs, amphorae, pots and fragment of a bipartite bowl. Particular attention should be paid to the bottom of the flat so-called headless idol. Based on very few ceramic materials monitored Aeneolithic settlement is dated back to the II.–II. stage of the Baden Culture.

9

NOVÉ NÁLEZISKÁ HATVANSKEJ KULTÚRY NA DOLNOM POHRONÍ A POIPLÍ

88%

Ožďáni O.

Študijné zvesti

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2010

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nr 47

53 - 62

EN

The contribution evaluates ceramic vessels from two new sites of Hatvan culture in south-western Slovakia. In field walk undertaken on the hill-fort of Hatvan culture in Kamenica nad Hronom a pottery set was collected consisting of an amphora and a vase of Hatvan culture and a jar of Kisapostág culture. These finds could theoretically come from a grave collection, but they may also represent a pottery deposit. On the site in Veľké Turovce, in part Dolné Turovce, a cremation grave containing an amphora and a dish was accidentally discovered. Based on analogies and stratigraphy on the fortified settlement in Malé Kosihy, the pottery from both sites was dated to the later phase of Hatvan culture in Slovakia.

10

MARKS NOT PRESERVED IN CLAY. Some remarks on the theses contained in A. Mierzwinski's study (2003)

88%

Dabrowski J. , Mogielnicka-Urban M.

Archeologia Polski

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2004

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tom 49

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nr 1-2

125-129

EN

The article polemizes with theses presented in A. Mierzwinski's study (2003), in which the author discusses a new conception of production relations and trade organization in the Lusatian culture based on studies of pottery preserving human fingerprints originating from the settlement at Kunice. The present authors put into doubt the possibility of determining people's age and gender based on the size of the fingerprints impressed in the clay, this being contrary to dactylographic data and the results of experimental studies on pottery decoration. By the same, they reject the view that these ornamented pieces, believed by the author of the controversial study to have been made by men, were used in metallurgical production, especially as neither the suggestions regarding their separate method of production nor the efforts to explain their function in the casting process have withstood critical analysis. There is no straightforward proof for such an explanation (although one would expect substantial evidence), a fact that Mierzwinski does not believe to be of significance. In consequence, the hypothetical reconstruction of work relations and trade exchange proposed in Mierzwinski's book cannot be regarded as justified.

11

SÍDLISKOVÉ OBJEKTY KULTÚRY MAKÓ-KOSIHY-ČAKA V IŽI

88%

Beljak Pažinová N. , Beljak J.

Slovenská archeológia (Slovak Archaeology)

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2014

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tom 62

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nr 1

83 – 123

EN

The Makó-Kosihy-Čaka Culture occupied a large territory of the Carpathian Basin at the turn of the Eneolithic and the Bronze Age. For several decades through rescue excavations in Slovakia, its source base has significantly grown. It is now more than 70 registered sites. Rescue excavation in Iža was carried out by the Institute of Archaeology of SAS in Nitra in the summer 2008. On this polycultural site ten features of the Makó-Kosihy-Čaka Culture were found and further potsherds of this culture were scattered in four other medieval features. The largest number of diverse material, over 85 % of total number came from the filling of the pit 31. Pottery and osteological remains of domestic animals were numerous, but small clay and stone artefacts were represented only at a minimum. The paper deals with the ceramic and decoration of the pottery artefacts. The pottery fragments were represented by ten types of vessels and their variants. Pots and pot shapes dominated in the local pottery production. The relatively numerous were also bowls, less jugs and cups. The shape assemblage was supplemented with amphorae, decorative pottery, glasses, plates and bottles. The main focus on the pottery deserves decorative ornamented pottery, which is represented by footed bowls and also in the Kosihy-Makó-Čaka Culture environment a unique vessel with rounded body, decorated with carved ornaments and girth lines made by technique called (Late Eneolithic) Furchenstich (stab-and-drag), in combination with a plastic crescent application on the shoulders. Based on the analysis of the material in this paper conclusions on the relative chronology and genesis of the studied culture are formulated in Slovakia, whereby we do not exclude the influence of the Kostolac decoration on the domestic population in Iža.

12

Pottery traditions and manufacturing organization in the early neolithic: a method for the technological study of Linearbandkeramik vases in habitat contexts in the Aisne Valley (France)

88%

Gomart L.

Sprawozdania Archeologiczne

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2011

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tom 63

189-201

EN

This article presents the methods employed for a technological study of pottery from four early Neolithic (Linearbandkeramik) settlement sites in the river Aisne valley (Picardy, France). The pottery comes from refuse contexts and the vessels are generally in a very fragmentary state. Study of technical macrotraces showed that vessels of the same shape were manufactured with different chaînes opératoires. It is described and some interpretations are proposed.

13

LATÉNSKE SÍDLISKO V KOMJATICIACH, POLOHA KŇAZOVA JAMA

88%

Horváth P.

Študijné zvesti

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2014

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nr 56

69 - 110

EN

During several rescue excavations (1977 – 1979) a part of the La Tene settlement was explored in the site “Kňazova jama”. The exploration outcomes, as well as the required material, have not been systematically processed yet. 6 sunken pits and one cultural pit were identified. The huts represented a classical middle La Tene type settlement with two-pole construction and a bench along one of longer walls. From the features´ backfill a relatively large amount of material was obtained, especially pottery. Small items and other artefacts were found only sporadically, in the form of small iron fragments, clay whorls, fragments of bracelets from sapropelite and glass, whetstones and clay weights. The pottery set contained, based on the way of production, groups of pottery produced manually and on the wheel. In all features pottery made on the wheel prevailed. As for the forms, there are mainly bowls with s-shaped profile and bowls with tapering mouth. Soft rounded profile prevails, and no single case of smoothed ornaments is represented in decoration. Alongside the bowls, more numerous occurrences were also determined for the pottery containing graphite, especially situlas and situlate pots decorated on the surface by horizontal combing. The manually made pottery was typical for its biconical and hemispherical pots and bowls with rounded or flat profile. In some cases they were decorated by plastic ornaments. Ceramic forms and types of decoration are very typical for the middle La Tene. Based on the absence of younger elements, such as oblique and metope-like combing, or painted pottery, it is impossible to confirm a longer life of any of the explored features. Bowls with slightly rounded profile and the absence of smoothed ornaments do not permit confirmation of their longer existence than the close of the LTC1. Such dating is confirmed also by the accompanying, chronologically more sensitive, material, i. e. a fragment of iron coil spring which probably corresponds to the middle La Tene scheme type of brooch, dated to the LTC1a – LTC1b – c. Moreover, the finds of two sapropelite bracelets, whose most frequent occurrence in the vicinity of Nitra can be determined between the stages LTC1 – C2 (Březinová 2005, 24). Beyond settlement contexts, also two finds of circular jewel made of glass come from the location. Both are dated within the LTC1 stage.

14

FARSIGHTED VIEW OR AUTHORITY IN TROUBLE

88%

Mierzwinski A.

Archeologia Polski

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2004

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tom 49

|

nr 1-2

130-136

EN

This article has been written in response to J. Dabrowski's and M. Mogielnicka-Urban's polemics (2004) with certain theses presented in my book (A. Mierzwinski 2003), in which I refer to a syncretic model of culture. I had discussed this model in detail with regards to the social and ritual aspects of production in the Oder river basin in the Late Bronze and Early Iron Ages. In the present article, I have shown the futility of the debaters' attempt to question the possibility of using fingerprint marks on pottery for the study of the social identification of the pot makers. Consequently, their intent, which was to question the validity of the theory that the round discs were produced by men, proved unsuccessful. Neither were they able to discredit the theory that these discs could have been used as casting driers. The debaters did not present any arguments to substantiate their reservations concerning the specific modeling technique. The allegation that I have undertaken to reconstruct production and trade relations is baseless. From this point of view, one would rather say there is no motivation on my part to undertake such investigations. It is because I am a declared constructivist and far from any Marxist categorization. In the outcome, the assumptions and theses presented in my work, both general and specific, have not suffered in the face of these objections. This is due not only to the weakness of the latter, but also because the confrontation concerns divergent research attitudes, namely, traditional (empirical) archaeology versus contextual archaeology.

15

PROBLEM OF THE EARLIEST SLAVS IN INTRA-CARPATHIAN ROMANIA (TRANSYLVANIA AND THE NORTH-WEST VICINITY)

75%

Stanciu I.

Slovenská archeológia (Slovak Archaeology)

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2013

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tom 61

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nr 2

323 – 370

EN

Predominantly during the second half of the last century, the problem of the presence of the earliest Slavs on the current territory of Romania was relentlessly debated among national experts. From the beginning the situation proved to be more complicated in the intra-Carphatic regions, territories included in the Gepid kingdom, and then in the Avar Khaganate. At the south-eastern extremity of Transylvania, in a territory in which there seemed to be no direct presence of the Early Avar Khaganate, a habitation attributed from an earlier date to the Early Slavs was identified, often dated to the second half/third of the 6th century and the first half of the next century. It is thought that following a later movement of the Slavs advanced in the direction of central Transylvania. However, a reevaluation of the archaeological data would rather indicate that even for the central-eastern region of Transylvania, a change in the cultural environment took place the latest towards the final part of the 6th century – the beginning of the 7th century, probably in relation precisely with the expansion of the Slavic habitation in a western direction. Similarly to other peripheral regions of the Avar Khaganate from the early-middle period, certain elements of the Prague culture seem to associate with the Transylvanian cemeteries. There are archaeological data which point to the cultural relationships between the archaeological groups known in Transylvania, but inferences regarding the potential ethnic processes taking place at the time are premature. Despite some literary sources according to which the Slavs were active at the mouth of the Tisza River already from the middle of the 6th century and somewhat later, archeological data are too scarce to support a thorough argumentation. However, an entire series of settlements together with two incineration cemeteries belong in north-western Romania to a horizon observed in the entire region of the upper Tisza, south-eastern Poland and even further to the north-east. Emerging in the region where in the immediately prior period there are no known vestiges, this horizon can be attributed to the Early Slavs. The Slavic colonization of Transylvania seems to have evolved on the horizontal (most likely peaking in the late 6th century and during the entire 7th century) in two directions: from north-western Romania (the region of the upper Tisza) and from Moldova, over the passes of the Eastern Carpathians with a first landmark in the south-eastern part of the Transylvanian basin.

16

VÝSKUM ZANIKNUTÉHO KOSTOLA VO VLKOVEJ

75%

Fecko P. , Javorský F.

Študijné zvesti

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2014

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nr 56

133 - 154

EN

The archaeological excavation in the village Vlková (dist. Kežmarok) started in 1998 carried out by researcher František Javorský from the Institute of Archaeology of SAS at Nitra – Department Spišská Nová Ves. Here a brick church with fence stone wall was built. It is so-called village single-nave church with east-west orientation. Its ground plan belongs to the 13th century and has several phases of construction. In addition to the base of the main altar, two side altars were also excavated. The floor remains dated to the first and second phase were partially preserved. In total, 94 graves were unearthed. Within prior surveys and excavation, shards of clay pots, coins, padlocks, keys, bronze belt hooks, spurs and plenty of iron and other artefacts were obtained. Based on archaeological finds the extinct settlement is dated back to the 12th (?) – 13th to 15th centuries.

17

NOVÉ POZNATKY O STREDOVEKOM A NOVOVEKOM OSÍDLENÍ HORNÝCH LEFANTOVIEC A KOSTOLIAN POD TRIBEČOM

75%

Borzová Z. , Čurný M. , Pažinová N.

Študijné zvesti

|

2010

|

nr 47

5 - 24

EN

The contribution provides primary assessment of two field activities of the Department of Archaeology of Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, which were conducted in 2008 as a part of rescue excavation in the built-up area of Horné Lefantovce. The foundations of a commercial building from the Late Modern Period (18th-19th centuries) were examined. The assessment includes characterization of a set of signed bricks. The article contains also evaluation of the ceramic finds from repeated surveys in the administrative area of Kostoľany pod Tribečom. Medieval and modern finds have been detected in three previously unknown positions, which correspond with our knowledge of the settlement of this region.

18

Dva životy vsi v přemyslovském loveckém hvozdu. Bratronice v raném středověku

75%

Ježek M.

Historická geografie (Historical Geography)

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2012

|

tom 38

|

nr 2

239-251

EN

The article considers the importance of the royal hunting forest in the vicinity of the Křivoklát kastle in the medieval period and the changes in its utilization. Special attention is devoted to the settlement area that originated in the 12th century and the local villages, which generally became extinct in the course of the following century. The evaluation of the archeological finds from one of these settlements poses the question of the social status of its inhabitants and at the same time uncovers a source of errors in the dating of local pottery, which served as the basis for the archaeological opinions about the development of the royal castles in the region.

19

SOME REMARKS ON THE LATE NEOLITHIC OF THE EAST SLOVAKIAN PLAIN IN THE LIGHT OF EXCAVATION RESULTS AT POLGAR-CSOSZHALOM

75%

Pavuk J.

Slovenská archeológia (Slovak Archaeology)

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2007

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tom 55

|

nr 2

261-275

EN

The results of excavations on the flat settlement site and the tell at Polgar-Csoszhalom have complemented the knowledge of the Late Neolithic within the East Slovakian Plain substantially. The pottery from Zemplin in association with black-painted pottery represents a special group in the northern Tisa region. Its genesis as well as the historical and chronological positions is still unclear, but it is not a part of the Csoszhalom-Cicarovce group, it is older. The author discusses the development after the Bukk culture extinction. On its former area in the northern Tisa region and in the upper Vistula region after the sudden extinction of the Linear Pottery culture as well, cultural integration had appeared which resulted in formation of an independent syncretic cultural unit represented mostly by pottery from the finding places at Polgar-Csoszhalom (the flat settlement), Izkovce, Velke Raskovce and from the settlement sites of the Samborzec-Opatow group. This was an independent cultural entity along with the Tisa culture, Herpaly group and the Lengyel culture as well. It lasted probably only within the Lengyel IB stage. Then the completely different group of Polgar-Csoszhalom replaced it without any obvious continuity.

20

NEOLITICKÉ OSÍDLENIE V BAJČI-VLKANOVE

75%

Bistáková A. , Nevizánsky G.

Študijné zvesti

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2013

|

nr 54

5 - 57

EN

The subject of this paper is focused on the evaluation of the Neolithic settlement of a poly-cultural site in Bajč-Vlkanovo (dist. Komárno), processed within the earlier research on the site “Tehelňa“(also as Tehelňa “S“ or “Göböljárás“). Archaeological research excavation on this endangered and devastated site was carried out in 1959–1960, 1981 and 1982– 1983 by the Institute of Archaeology of SAS. During the excavation of rescue character in particular, larger amount of finds, especially pottery was collected from the pit backfills and cultural layer. 38 settlement pits are dated to the Neolithic period (Later linear pottery, Želiezovce group). Quantitative analysis of the Neolithic pottery was based on the model of descriptive database created on the numeric code used in the processing of other early Neolithic sites in Slovakia (e. g. Štúrovo, Bajč-Medzi kanálmi, Hurbanovo-Veľký Šárad).