This study deals with the life story of Bishop Joseph Hlouch in the context of the dramatic political, social and religious changes of the 20th century – during the interwar Czechoslovak Republic, in the post-war period and during the existence of the Communist regime from its takeover in 1948 to the period of “normalization” after the Warsaw Pact invasion.
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The article gives an overview of the career of Czech biblist Vladimir Pavel Skrabal OP. We can summarize his life in the following dates: on 1 Nov 1904: born in Babice u Uherskeho Hradiste; on 26 Sept 1923: takes the first vows; on 9 Jul 1928: ordination (Rome); on 15 Jul 1928: his first mass (Babice); on 22 Jun 1929: licentiate (Angelicum, Rome); on 31 May 1930: doctorate (Angelicum, his doctoral thesis: De connexione inter resurrectionem Christi et nostram); from 1930: takes part in education of Dominican clerks in Olomouc; from 1931: occasional correspondent of theological review 'Na hlubinu'; in 1935: sent to Ecole Biblique et Archeologique Française de Jerusalem; during the Second World War: after the closure of Czech universities worked as substitute professor for diocesan seminarists; in 1948: publishes a translation of the New Testament into Czech (imprimatur was awarded on 21 May 1948); on 13 Apr 1950: interned; 5 Sept 1950-28 Feb 1951: clothes-presser in Kraliky; 1 Mar-27 Jul 1951: clothes-presser in Osek; 28 Jul 1951-27 Aug 1952: warehouseman in the glass factory Union in Duchcov; 28 Aug 1952-15 Dec 1955: worker in the forest and field in the state farm in Zeliv; after his release from internment: worked briefly as warehouseman in Frydek, then as maintenance man in the House for abandoned children in Mistek; May-July 1959: worked in hospital; after 1959: in Restaurants and Eating rooms in Ostrava; in the beginning of 1962: his health got extremely worse; in 1963: operation at the beginning of the year, needs permanent treatment, prosecution of State Security - StB (suspected of obstruction of state control of the Churches); on 16 Feb 1964: dies in Mistek; on 20 Feb 1964: buried in Olomouc.
The Roman Empire found itself in a long-lasting socio-political and economic crisis in the middle of the 3rd century. In 249, on the military acclamation, Decius succeeded to the Imperial throne, who tried to stabilize conditions by means of a handful of reforms in the socio-political, economic, and primarily in the religious area. He tried to renew the authority of the Emperor based on the Roman traditions and paganism. In 249 or 250 he issued an edict on the sacrifice in order to force all inhabitants of the Empire to revere the cult of the Emperor and traditional Roman deities, seeking thus a reintroduction of the prosperity of the Roman Empire. Ancient sources mention several motives leading the Emperor into prosecution processes such as hatred for his predecessor, public opinion and disrespect for the Imperial order on sacrifice. Christians refused to make a pagan sacrifice, so they were seen as state enemies. The issue of the edict was subsequently followed by the persecution of Christians throughout the Roman Empire, and which, for the first time in the Christian history, was of a general Imperial character.
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