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1
Content available remote Organizacja egzaminu typu OSCE dla kandydatów na wolontariuszy w hospicjum
100%
Szeliga M. , Kuźmicz I. , Mirecka J. , Nowakowski M.
Edukacja Ustawiczna Dorosłych
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2017
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nr 3
145-156
EN
The study presents the detailed organization of the OSCE (Objective Structured Clinical Examination) test on the example of a three-station test. It presents the author's tools of control used during the examination of 147 candidates for volunteers participating in four consecutive editions of “A course for volunteers – a guardian of the sick” organized by the St. Lazarus Hospice in Cracow.
2
Content available DZIAŁALNOŚĆ MISJI SPECJALNEJ OBWE NA UKRAINIE – SUKCES, PORAŻKA CZY IMPULS DO REFORM?
94%
Natanek M.
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nr 4(17)
153-167(15)
EN
In what follows I analyze, on a macro-level, the role played by the OSCE in negoti-ating the ceasefire agreement during the conflict in eastern Ukraine. The activity set up to implement the cease-fire arrangements of the OSCE Special Monitoring Mission in Ukraine will be examined in more detail. By analyzing the documents of the OCSE, I will focus on the specific scale, mechanisms, and ways of implementing tasks that result from the Minsk Agreements and which the OSCE Permanent Council imposed on the Mission. This analysis will also be an attempt to assess its efforts so far and to indi-cate the most important difficulties and obstacles faced by the international community in the process of normalization of the Donbas situation.
3
Content available Regionalna współpraca Ukrainy w ramach Organizacji Bezpieczeństwa i Współpracy w Europie w warunkach przemiany środowiska bezpieczeństwa w regionie Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej
94%
Kuchyk O.
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nr 11
363-371
EN
Activities of Ukraine–OSCE in the context of changes in security environment of Central and Eastern European region are considered. The main foreign policy actions towards Ukraine engaged by the efficiency of mechanisms for the settlement of the Russian-Ukrainian armed conflict in Eastern Ukraine are analyzed. The activities of the Special OSCE monitoring mission are illustrated. The role of Special OSCE monitoring mission in the conflict is defined.
4
Modern Military Missions as a Method of Resolving Conflict in Order to Maintain International Security
83%
Bąk T.
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2013
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tom 5(2)
31-50
5
Content available Bezpieczeństwo europejskie czterdzieści lat po podpisaniu Aktu Końcowego KBWE
82%
Zięba R.
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2015
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nr 9
109-122
EN
The CSCE Final Act, signed in Helsinki in 1975, opened a new chapter in the search for the optimal security system in the Euro-Atlantic area, stretching from Vancouver to Vladivostok. It established a cooperative security system introducing a supra-bloc negotiation mechanism of political and economic cooperation, as well cooperation in such humanitarian fields as culture, education, exchange of information and interpersonal contacts. After the Cold War, CSCE organs were created and equipped with new competences in the field of preventive diplomacy and conflict resolution, but the evolution of the international order in Europe meant that, contrary to the original intention of the CSCE (renamed at the beginning of 1995 as the OSCE), it has not become the central institution of European security. As a result of the Eastern enlargement of NATO and the European Union, the principle of equal security for all participating states was abandoned. The OSCE remained a secondary institution specialising in what is called the soft aspects of security. The Ukrainian crisis, which broke out in the autumn of 2013, accompanied by other challenges and threats to security originating in other regions showed the need to revitalise the OSCE and create a Euro-Atlantic and Eurasian security community.
6
OBSE JAKO NORMOTVORNÝ AKTÉR V REGIONÁLNÍM ŘÍZENÍ BEZPEČNOSTI – PŘÍSTUP K ANALYSE
71%
Lehmannová Z. , Dubský Z.
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tom 10
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nr 1
5 – 22
EN
The text deals with a possibility to frame the qualitative analysis of the OSCE norm activity in broader discussion of creation effective system of regional and global governance in security. First, it analyses theoretical and methodological bases of global governance, role of recognition and complexity of security. Then, the study focuses on the identification of the appropriate approach to analyse of the OSCE as a normative actor in the in regional security governance.
7
Content available remote Mechanizmy rozwiązywania konfliktów i misje pokojowe KBWE/OBWE
59%
Marcinkowski C.
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tom nr 3(56)
68-81
EN
The article presents one of the most important CSCE/OSCE functions undertaken in the last 15 years in the area of developing and implementing crisis prevention and conflict resolution instruments. Military security mechanisms have been concisely defined, i.e. the La Veletta mechanism (for peaceful conflict resolution), the Vienna mechanism (for responding to crisis situation) and the Berlin mechanism (for consultations and cooperation in emergency situations). The mechanisms for the OSCE “human dimension" - the Vienna mechanism for “human dimension”, the Moscow mechanism and the CSCE “human dimension" in the 1992 Helsinki Document have been discussed. The problems of OSCE missions called to resolve particular conflicts e.g. in Moldova, Georgia, Macedonia and Kosovo have been widely described. The philosophy of the OSCE missions functioning, their organisational and essential bases as well as their role in the conflict areas have been presented. Basing on the Charter on European Security, the principal mandatory tasks of OSCE missions in conflict areas have been listed.
8
Content available The influence of the Council of Europe and other European institutions on the media law system in post­Soviet states
59%
Richter A.
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nr 1(2)
15-26
EN
In the post-Soviet states of today globalization is taking place predominantly to the West’s values for human rights and fundamental freedoms. This process is being driven by such interna- tional organizations as the European Union, Council of Europe and OSCE, which operate here prima- rily as human-rights protectors. Th organizations have exerted significant pressure on the authori- ties in the countries in this study, especially Azerbaijan, Armenia, Estonia, Georgia, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova and Ukraine. The media reforms that international bodies are influencing in these countries are generally leading towards a more robust model for independent journalism. The concept of free- dom of mass information is reviving, state broadcasters are being turned into public-service, and other changes are taking place.
9
Content available remote The Role of Stabilisation Missions in the Process of Police Reform in the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
59%
Wilk D.
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nr 4(30)
333-345
EN
regions of the country bordering Albania and Kosovo. The actions of Albanian separatists associated with National Liberation Army that aimed at making Albanian and Macedonian nationalities equal within the Republic resulted in an increase of anti‑Albanian attitudes that contributed to the Macedonian‑Albanian conflict. The six‑month fight was ended on 13 August 2001 when the peace agreement was signed in Ohrid. The agreement, which was accepted by both sides of the conflict, was more favourable for the Albanians since it made their status as citizens almost equal to that of Macedonians. A growing tension among the Albanian minority forced immediate implementation of the decisions included in the Ohrid Agreement. The European Union in cooperation with the OSCE and NATO played a key role in the process of stabilising the socio‑political situation. The police reform in the Republic of Macedonia was a crucial element of the Ohrid Agreement. The changes were to ensure proportional representation of all nationalities comprising the Macedonian society in law enforcement services. The European Union and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe conducted three stabilisation missions: one was a military mission – CONCORDIA, and two were police missions: PROXIMA and EUPAT.
10
Content available ГЕЛЬСІНСЬКІ УГОДИ: УРОК ЗАГАЛЬНОЄВРОПЕЙСЬКОГО ПРОЦЕСУ
48%
Kotlyar O. , Bevzyuk E.
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nr 31
301-321
EN
The article examines the main reasons for the signing of the Helsinki Final Act by actors of the global and European international system. The description of individual provisions of the document itself is provided. As a result of the study, it was proved that the Helsinki Agreement became a compromise that consolidated the existing status quo in Europe and defined the framework for the peaceful regulation of relations between the West and the East. The key principles of European peace and security were fixed by the document for many years. The agreement significantly eased the inter-bloc tension without dividing the sides of the process into "losers" and "winners". Individual ideas of Helsinki have not lost their relevance and still contain the potential to support the European security system. The main thing is non-interference in internal affairs and a balance of interests. The formation of the international organization – CSCE/OSCE - was a significant legacy of Helsinki. It opened up the opportunity for Europeans to pursue policies for the creation of a united, peaceful, democratic and prosperous Europe. At the same time, it is difficult to ignore the fact that the modern OSCE in many parameters of its activity is fundamentally different from the initial, conceived option. Today's polemics within the organization are increasingly reminiscent of the inefficient discussions of the former League of Nations. In general, little has been accomplished from the large-scale plans, for which everything started back in the 60s and 70s of the last century. However, a topic that initially seemed secondary to many came to the fore, the issue of observing human rights ("the third basket"). The European practice of interstate relations has demonstrated that the humanitarian part of the Helsinki Agreements remains relevant even today, especially in post-Soviet countries, where, by and large, little has changed since the time of the USSR in terms of the protection of human rights. The OSCE has not become and is unlikely to become the main factor in the formation of a comprehensive system of European security, covering all aspects - from military to humanitarian. Today, pettiness prevails in the organization, which does not correspond to the original intentions of its founders. In addition, the lack of a mechanism to guarantee compliance with the principles of the OSCE can finally "bury" the organization
11
Content available remote Kategorie i typy operacji pokojowych
48%
Paszkowski K.
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tom nr 3(32)
71-96
EN
On the background of contemporary international peace missions system and characteristics of trends dominating in it, the article presents an analysis and comparison of the most important terms used to define peace operations (terms used in UN and NATO documents, in American, Canadian, British and Russian rules). Ascertaining the lack of one uniform definition of peace operations, the author attempts to define this notion in general, stressing these characteristics of peace operations which differentiate them from any other intervention actions. Then, using the criterion of the possibility to use force, the author distinguishes four categories of peace operations: mediation and observation; military presence; strengthened military presence and military intervention.
12
Content available Polska w kształtowaniu europejskiego systemu bezpieczeństwa - aspekt militarny
48%
Kulczycki M.
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tom Nr 3
25-44
PL
W artykule scharakteryzowano zaangażowanie militarne Polski w działalność trzech organizacji NATO, UE i OBWE, które stanowią podstawę europejskiego systemu bezpieczeństwa. Aktywność ta została przedstawiona na przestrzeni dwóch ostatnich dekad, zaczynając od początku lat dziewięćdziesiątych XX wieku i kończąc na czasie dzisiejszym. Przedstawiono w nim użycie polskich jednostek wojskowych w operacjach prowadzonych przez Sojusz Północnoatlantycki i Unię Europejską na obszarze europejskim oraz aktywność wojskowo-cywilną w misjach prowadzonych przez OBWE. Zawarte zostały w nim również treści związane z wkładem Polski w utrzymanie bezpieczeństwa na naszym kontynencie.
EN
The article describes Poland’s involvement in the activities of three organisations: NATO, EU and OSCE, which constitute the basis of the European security system. This activity has been shown over the last two decades, from the early 1990s until today. The author of the article describes the employment of Polish military units in the operations conducted by the North Atlantic Alliance and the European Union in the European area as well as the civil and military activity in the missions conducted by OSCE. The article also mentions the Polish contribution to maintaining security on our continent.
13
Content available remote Regionalizacja rozbrojenia i kontroli zbrojeń
42%
Otłowski M. J.
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tom nr 3
24--32
14
Content available Regional security system after the cold war- a game of power and nterest.
36%
Białoskórski R.
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tom 35
EN
The paper analyses the regional security system (RSS) concept consisting of regional security organizations (RSOs) related to five regional security blocks (RSBs): Western RSB, CIS/CSTO RSB, CIS-Asia RSB, African RSB, and East-West RSB, after a Cold War. Relying on the empirical data received from powermetric formal model approach, the balance of power, as well as the security interests of the RSBs have been determined. The East-West RSB represented by the OSCE is the leader in all categories of powermetric ranking according to economic power, military power, and geopolitical power, composed by the NATO’s, EU’s, as well as the CIS/CSTO RSB countries. The economic, military, and geopolitical power of the NATO (more broadly the Western RSB) is the strongest pillar of the OSCE power. The non-NATO states, like the Russian Federation only slightly impact the power of the OSCE. The security interests of the Western RSB countries are quite different in comparison to the CIS/CSTO RSB states in OSCE.
PL
W artykule przeanalizowano koncepcję regionalnego systemu bezpieczeństwa (RSS) po zimnej wojnie, składającą się z regionalnych organizacji bezpieczeństwa (RSO) powiązanych z pięcioma regionalnymi blokami bezpieczeństwa (RSB): Zachodnim, Rosyjskim (WNP/OUBZ), CIS-Azjatyckim, Afrykańskim i Północnym. Opierając się na danych empirycznych otrzymanych z metodycznego modelu potęgometrycznego, określono równowagę sił, a także interesy związane z bezpieczeństwem poszczególnych bloków. Blok Północny, reprezentowany przez OBWE, jest liderem we wszystkich kategoriach rankingu potęgometrycznego zarówno jeśli chodzi o potęgę gospodarczą, militarną jak i geopolityczną. W jego skład wchodzą państwa NATO, UE, a także państwa WNP/OUBZ. Potęga gospodarcza, militarna i geopolityczna NATO (szerzej bloku zachodniego) jest najsilniejszym filarem potęgi OBWE. Państwa nie należące do NATO, jak Federacja Rosyjska, tylko w niewielkim stopniu wpływają na siłę OBWE. Interesy bezpieczeństwa bloku zachodniego są zupełnie inne niż w krajach WNP.
15
Content available remote Jedność europejska
30%
Kaczmarek J.
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tom nr 1
3--16
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