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EN
In the following article the author analyzes the process of innovation creation by business enterprises. Special emphasis is put on the early -stage technology development which allows to gradually transform invention into innovation. In the further part of the paper three kinds of uncertainty concerning the corporate innovation processes are discussed. Then the author identifies, in his opinion, the key threat in R&D projects, i.e. the resource gap. The causes of resource gap are then thoroughly discussed and explained using both the appropriate psychological theory and the game - theoretic approach. Finally, the potential managerial and economic consequences of the resource gap are shown.
EN
Globalisation of religion, on the one hand, helps establish constructive dialogue, promotes ecumenism, and supports communication between religions; on the other hand, it activates religious radicalism and extremism. Extremism is a complex problem: its origin varies and the people it involves vary even more. The most common problem when defining terrorism may be the failure to distinguish between assumed terrorist activities and other forms of threatening acts. Another mistake in defining extremism is the fact that it is often connected with one or the other side of the political battle. It is also not surprising that extremism is often identified with revolutionary opposition. This paper studies religious extremism as one of the phenomena of the new religiosity. Two basic approaches can be used to understand behaviour of terrorist organizations: instrumental approach and organizational approach. The first approach is based on the assumption that a terrorist act is a deliberate choice of a political actor. An organization as a unit seeks to achieve collective values, which include radical changes in political and social conditions. Thus, terrorism is interpreted as a response to an external stimulus, especially to a government action. The other approach is focused on internal organizational processes in a group that uses terrorism or between organizations that have similar goals. Subsequently, terrorism presents a result of an organization‘s struggle for survival, particularly in a competitive environment. An organization responds to the external pressure by changing its benefits for the members or by innovations. Therefore, terrorist acts do not always reflect ideological values of the organization directly.
EN
The article presents partial results of a qualitative study realized in 2006 between Czech men and women managers. The purpose of the study was to compare the situation and conditions of men and women in managerial work. It shows that the main source of inequalities is the need of conciliation of managerial work and household and family duties. The division of non-paid labor in the families of our respondents is very gender unequal. Women are responsible for largest part of tasks connected with household and childrearing, even if they live in most cases in two carrier families. On the other hand, men managers prefer to live in a traditional family arrangement and they take advantage of a female partner who devotes all her time to their household. Those differences represent a handicap for women and hinder the carriers of women managers.
EN
The study presents entirely new findings connected with the united student organization created on the basis of legislation in May 1942. The facts are presented in a logical way in an effort to deal with the origin and activity of the organization, which was formed in the disturbed period of the war. While researching his dissertation, the author discovered new facts, which have not been presented to such an extent by previous historians. These new findings were obtained mainly from the detailed study of student periodicals published in the period 1942 – 1945, and from the detailed archive research. Therefore, the study presents new materials from the historical research on a period so much studied by several generations of the trained professions and ordinary lay people.
EN
Contemporary trends in the global economy, including development of global Information technology result in more and more companies becoming global enterprises. To mark its existence on the global market, a company should not only have suitable financial means, assets and workforce but also most importantly an efficient system of management. The paper presents a following hypothesis. In order to stay ahead of their competitors, a company should have a management system which would allow them to react instantly not only to opportunities but also to existing and potential threats. The traditional organization is no longer competitive. Based on hierarchical structure it is not able to take advantage of opportunities created by globalization and protect itself from threats which may arise. Thus, transformation should take place here. Replacing a hierarchical organization (object oriented) with a flexible organization (problem oriented) seems promising. Specialist literature refers to it as a project oriented organization. The first part of the paper presents methodological problems of applying reengineering and x-engineering approaches to the transformation of the organization. The second part contains an analysis of effects and barriers of the transformation exemplified by the organization which has undergone the above mentioned process.
EN
Building IT systems supporting information flow, IT data storing and transforming, integrating various corporate activities is a challenge for many enterprises. Corporate IT system is a data transforming system (defined in terms of time and space). It consists of deliberately united elements such as data sources, data storing and transforming, the information channels, material means and people involved in data transfer and IT destinations. Changing environment, growing clients' expectations and competition force enterprises to increase efficiency. The decision-makers demand current useful information concerning enterprise's internal position to eliminate risk and enable them to make right choices. It is more and more difficult since the number of economic operations grows. It is increasingly difficult to analyse and transform data. Immediate access to data is also important in managing distant economic units. It enhances building complex IT systems. The author researches overall view on economic organisation from both economic and industrial perspective. The author also researches economic and industrial problem solving and IT support in the context of IT technology.
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2011
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nr 6
11-32
EN
In the article there has been described an instrument of the internal audit, premise for its introduction, its purpose, the scope and place in the sector of the public finance, with special consideration for the requirements and procedure of the internal audit execution in the self-government entities in Poland. On the basis of conducted examinations, there were made some analysis of the internal audit operation in the self-government sector, with its most important elements taken into account. Based on the findings, a number of final conclusions have been formulated.
EN
This paper examines the mission and the day-to-day activities of the Slovak National Archive (SNA) in Bratislava from its inception in 1954, but especially in the last thirty years since its transfer to its current purpose-built headquarters. The paper consists of two parts, the first of which surveys the history of the Slovak archival studies from its beginnings to 1950 as well as the institutional history of SNA‘s predecessors. The second part then examines the mission, day-to-day activities and the internal structure of SNA as an archive and a scientific and cultural institution.
EN
The task of identifying processes in organisations is one of the key stages of organisational improvement. It is the basis for making decisions on the development and changes in the functioning of the organisation. This stage is also one of the first steps in implementing the changes in integrated management systems based on ISO standards (9000, 14000 and others). Choosing the right level of detail in the analysis of organisational processes requires a thorough understanding of the characteristics, events and actions to be analysed. This paper proposes a model concept of the structure of the organisational processes that can be used as a template for the identification and analytical work in any organisation in any industry.
EN
The article investigates the conditions to be met by an organization operating in a turbulent economic environment in order to be able to accomplish its goals. It is assumed that the goals of such an organization are to satisfy the needs of its customers and to increase its goodwill. The identified conditions relate to the internal adoption of market principles, i.e. the introduction of market mechanisms inside the organization. They can be introduced by means of outsourcing.
11
Content available remote „JEDEN VEĽKÝ KOLEKTÍV”. FOLKLÓR AKO VYSTÚPENIE A ORGANIZÁCIA
88%
EN
Based on an ethnographic study of folklore performance in contemporary Slovakia, this paper critically engages with „performance theory”, arguing that sometimes performance can be best understood by looking beyond moments of performance to the long, often arduous work of preparing for performance and reflecting on performances past. The author proposes studying folklore (and art more generally) not only as performance but also as „organization”, that is, as a set of enduring yet always shifting social relations. This approach enables us to see the modes of collectivity that emerge out of the social experience of art and, specifically, folklore.
EN
Article topic „Legislative development of statutory body in a joint-stock company“ is analyzed from the periods when the first legislative codes have been accepted, what means Commercial Code 1/1963 that has been a base for Ugrian Commercial code, article XXXVII from 1875. The author has provided a complex view on the development of statutory body in a joint-stock company. He focused not only on the position of statutory body in a joint-stock company stated in the Commercial Code but he also concentrated on the related legislative sources. The article is split into three periods, from the first published codes to 1918, from 1918 to 1949 and from 1949 until now. It is author’s intention to apply these three time intervals due to the significant social and political changes that have seriously impacted legislative changes in the joint-stock company and its statutory body. It can be stated that in spite of numerous legislative changes impacting statutory body in a joint-stock company, these were logical and systematic and contributed to the current version of the Commercial Code, 513/1991.
EN
The Communist Party of Slovakia (CPS) formed in May 1939, became a government party in spring 1945. Its membership base grew rapidly, reaching almost 200,000 by the end of 1945. After re-registration of members and party screening at the end of 1945 and the beginning of 1946, the party had about 150,000 members in the middle of 1946, but their number was again approaching 200,000 at the time of the February coup of 1948. The organizational structure of the CPS comprised four parts. The first was the local or village organizations, the second were the district organizations in all 80 districts, and the third were the 11 regional organizations. The fourth and highest part was the leadership of the CPS, which is the Central Committee and associated bodies. The CPS had a professional party apparatus. It was not very numerous, with perhaps 200 functionaries from the districts to the centre. This number increased only slightly up to February 1948. After the liberation, the central figures in the leadership of the CPS were Karol Šmidke and Gustav Husák. This leadership was removed at the national conference of the CPS at Žilina in August 1945. Viliam Široký became the chairman of the party, and Stefan Bastovansky became the general secretary. The CPS was formally an independent political party, but it worked in unity with the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, active in the Czech Lands, and was subordinate to its political line.
EN
A power since ever belongs to the central topics of social thought. Sovereignty, military and economic rule, influence, wealth, fame are universally attractive. People want to possess the power but the power possesses the people: both individual and societal consciousness refers to the ratio; nonetheless, both power and erotic upsurge from the unconsciousness directing the culture, civilization and technique. Nietzsche´s “will to power” corresponds to the theories accentuating the interdependence of power and erotic. The mechanisms of power are gradually developing in the course of history by the progress of knowledge and social organization. Intellect, emotion, language, art – no fundamental values can elude neither the functions of the instruments of power nor the violence of power. Embodiment of power and erotic in human being therefore is the target of organizational efforts to control the individual and the society.
EN
The article offers the definition of the infrastructure of venture activity as a set of institutions (in the broadest sense), that serve the needs of venture enterprises and provide conditions for their successful development. The existing classification of subjects of venture business on different grounds was examined. The infrastructure institutions of venture activities of industrial enterprises of Ukraine are systematized, by types of services that they provide, into three groups: financial and credit institutions, organizational and technical business entities, informational and analytical companies and organizations; each of which includes certain entities (including those of the latest forms of management). Functional features of each of infrastructure subjects and their role in the venture activity of industrial enterprises and structural features of an investment environment of a venture activity in Ukraine in a whole were determined.
EN
It is systemized in the article the innovative approaches and trends of organizational strategic management of tourism industry in the context of globalization.
EN
The Communist Party of Slovakia (CPS) was formed in May 1939 and became a government party in spring 1945. Its membership base grew rapidly, reaching almost 200,000 by the end of 1945. After re-registration of members and party screening at the end of 1945 and beginning of 1946, the party had about 150,000 members in the middle of 1946, but their number was again approaching 200,000 at the time of the February coup of 1948. The organizational structure of the CPS comprised four parts. The first was the local or village organizations, the second were the district organizations in all 80 districts, and the third was the 11 regional organizations. The fourth and highest part was the leadership of the CPS that is the Central Committee and associated bodies. The CPS had a professional party apparatus. It was not very numerous, with perhaps 200 functionaries from the districts to the centre. This number increased slightly only up to February 1948. After the liberation, the central figures in the leadership of the CPS were Karol Šmidke and Gustáv Husák. This leadership was removed at the national conference of the CPS at Žilina in August 1945. Viliam Široký became chairman of the party, and Štefan Bašťovanský became general secretary. The CPS was formally an independent political party, but it worked in unity with the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, active in the Czech Lands, and was subordinate to its political line.
Mesto a dejiny
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2017
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tom 6
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nr 2
64 – 76
EN
Until the beginning of the 16th century the viniculture of the Small Carpathian region recorded an increasing tendency and an all-round development in various aspects. In this period of a relatively calm development of viniculture and wine market, new institutions and legal rules came to existence, which fundamentally influenced the expansion of viniculture in the following centuries. In the submitted work we attempt to clarify the organization and administration of viniculture in the town of Saint George in the middle of the 17th century when the viniculture and wine market of the town was at its peak. The basic principles of the organization and administration of viniculture in the town of Saint George have been recorded in the vineyard regulation. The oldest preserved vineyard regulation of Saint George dates back to 1650. We attempted to clarify its origin, purpose and point out the content of particular paragraphs which we consider as the legal rules of the so-called vineyard law. The vineyard law was institutionally represented by the Saint George´s vineyard bureau. It was a council with certain characteristics of autonomy. However, according to our findings, there has never developed a completely independent council in Saint George. The development of organization and administration of viniculture in the town of Saint George was naturally connected with the expansion of the town´s city council which we will also briefly mention to help understand the issue better. The normative community in the town of Saint George were the townsmen or more precisely the city council governed by a port reeve and an alderman. The townsmen tried to protect their vineyards, to ensure the highest possible economic yield and moreover to legalize organizational, administrative, economical, but also neighbourhood and social relations related to viniculture and vineyards in their town and vineyard community.
EN
In the article organizational bases of an estimation of potential of the industrial enterprise are presented. They define results of common facts in the basis of organizational laws and permit to transfer to the new degree of the system stability of an estimation of potential in the conditions of market economy.
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2009
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tom 5
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nr 2
118-134
EN
This article is based on a case study conducted in an Italian primary school where the interactions between a sightless girl (named Jasmine, aged 8) and her classmates were extensively observed. The initial aim was to understand and describe the problems encountered by the sightless pupil, who acted in a social, organizational and physical environment which was not designed for handicapped people. However, other theoretical issues emerged during the research. The main finding was that sightlessness seems socially and organizationally constructed before it becomes a biological/physical handicap. The organizational processes through which the blindness is slowly and routinely constructed were extensively described.
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