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K sociologii v období normalizace

100%

Machonin

Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review

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2004

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tom 40

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nr 5

643-650

EN

The author of this paper summarizes his personal experience and the experience of some of his colleagues who in 1967 carried out the first stratification and mobility survey in Czechoslovakia with the totalitarian 'normalisation' 1969-1989. He divides the sociology of this period into five streams a) actively supporting normalisation, b) neutrally operating in the offical institutions, c) persecuted by 'Berufsverbot' or in other ways, d) actively operating in dissent, e) operating in exile. The paper refers on the base of personal memories prevailingly to the stream c) and argues that mainly thanks to its activities the achievements of the domestic Czechoslovak sociology in the two normalisation decades were of some significance for knowledge of what was going on in society. The author depicts how the persecuted sociologists found jobs or at least some inofficial opportunities to participate in research mostly with the assistance of institutions of other professional orientations and of the social science institutes in Slovakia, but without assistance from the part of the official sociological institutions in the Czech Lands. Further on he describes the fates of the last spiritual child of the Prague Spring - the book 'Czechoslovak Society' that - in spite of having been taken by the authorities out of bookshops and libraries and severely criticized by the normalisation ideologists - found its readers, reviewers and successors both at home and abroad.

2

Nelegální výzkum veřejného mínění v období normalizace

80%

Siklova J.

Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review

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2004

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tom 40

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nr 5

673-679

EN

During the normalisation period in Czechoslovakia in the years 1969-1989, empirical sociology was reduced to monitoring information relevant for Marxist-Leninist ideology. With the exception of politically neutral fields, the data gathered were distorted. Central decision-making authorities, however, needed some information on the opinions of the population. To this end, certain questions were inserted into politically neutral surveys. Data acquired in this manner, however, were only available as a source to the propaganda section of the Central Committee of the Czechoslovak Communist Party. This article, which draws on a text that the authoress originally wrote under a pseudonym for the exile journal 'Testimony' describes these practices. At the initiative of figures in Czech exile, in 1986 a public opinion research study was secretly carried out using a questionnaire with 85 questions on a sample of 342 people, focusing on a comparison of attitudes towards the USSR, the USA, and NATO, and towards prominent politicians in the late 1980s. The results revealed a surprisingly high degree of awareness about alternative, unofficial, and thus banned culture and publications, and about certain suppressed individuals. The empirical data was sent secretly to Paris and there processed by the sociologist Zdenek Strmiska.

3

Sociologie práce a průmyslu v letech 1965–1989

80%

Havlova J. , Sedlacek O.

Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review

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2004

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tom 40

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nr 5

651-664

EN

This article presents a synopsis of the development of the Czech sociology of industry between 1965 and 1989. It briefly describes the reconstitution of this sociological sub-discipline in the context of the renewal of Czech sociology in the second half of the 1960s. In the main section of their text the authors survey the activities of various institutions that focused on the sociology of industry after the 1968 Soviet invasion and look at the subsequent 'normalisation' (de facto the politically motivated liquidation) of the Czech social sciences and sociology. As part of the political reprisals against reform-minded sociologists, many of them were not allowed to continue their professional careers at academic institutions, such as the universities or at the Academy of Sciences, and they frequently chose to refocus on the politically less prominent field of industrial sociology. The article concentrates on those non-academic institutions where it was possible to conduct work in the field of industrial sociology: the Institute for Research on Engineering Technology and Economics (VÚSTE), the Institute for Social Analysis (ISA), and some other worksites that existed as branches of research institutes subordinate to different specialised ministries. The authors provide brief descriptions of the main research projects carried out by Czech industrial sociologists in the 1970s and 1980s, an outstanding example of which was the project on non-material working conditions, conducted by the Czechoslovak Institute for Research on Work and Social Issues (CSVÚPSV) and comprising seven sub-projects. The authors also offer a more detailed study of the research projects conducted at the Institute for Social Analysis, such as the socioeconomic analysis of one industrial district in northern Bohemia severely affected by an extreme concentration of heavy industry.

4

AN ATTEMPT AT A LIFE ALTERNATIVE: PRICE FOR SECULARISATION (Dusan Kuzel: 'Lampa')

80%

Barborik V.

Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)

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2005

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tom 52

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nr 2

104-117

EN

The study deals with a novel of a Slovak prose writer Dusan Kuzel (1940 - 1985), called 'Lampa' (A Lamp). This work was written in the first half of the 70th but it was published only in 1991. The novel belongs to the many texts at the turn of 60th and 70th, which could not be published in the political and cultural regime after the Soviet occupation of Czechoslovakia. It represents a structural, progressively productive and value relevant alternative to officially published literature of that period. The prose 'Lampa' (A Lamp) is an ambitious project, organically joined several traditional novel, types: a novel of journey, scholastic - autodidactic novel as well as a novel with a socially critical intention. The work of Kuzel is also connected with 90th, mainly with its ironical revealing of literary substance, when the theme becomes a literature itself. The novel is a sceptical polemic with 'great stories': and their teleology: with a Christian story of the 'history of salvation', with a socialist story of emancipation of a person of work and then with another 'story of salvation', based on a belief in technological progress. It is also a fathoming of the situation which follows when the big tightly connected narrations lost their credit and emptified: they are situations of non-control, amorphic freedom, which is transformed from an ideal into a phantom.

5

Slovenské aspekty rozvoja sociológie v Československu

80%

Machacek L.

Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review

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2004

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tom 40

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nr 5

631-642

EN

The author of the article sets out from the assumption that the historical-sociological reconstruction of the development of sociology in Slovakia in 1959-1989 has several specific features. The first is that scholars specialising in the history of sociological thought tend to focus on earlier periods in the evolution of Slovak sociology and on the study and preservation of the intellectual legacy of figures who were sidelined, not only during normalisation (1970-1989) but even before. The second feature is that the personal memories of and contributions to the study of the process of the revival and institutionalisation of Slovak sociology after 1959 are still primarily provided by participant figures. The third is the peripheral position occupied by Slovakia in the Czechoslovak state, far from the centre of political power. The historical-political factor of the relationship between the centre and the periphery, further reinforced by the rivalry between Czechoslovakism and Slovak nationalism, is pervasive, and must be taken into account if an accurate assessment is to be made of the numerous excesses of normalisation, even in the development of Czechoslovak sociology. In this article the author characterises the two stages of institutional development of sociology in Slovakia in the period of really-existing socialism: 1) re-creation and growth between early 1960's and 1968; 2) initial repression and gradual diversification between 1970 and 1989. The second stage is subdivided into three periods: a) normalisation; b) the professionalisation of sociology and the creation of its socio-technical establishment function (1975-1985); and c) the pluralisation of Slovak sociology, i.e. growing polarisation between its pro- and anti-establishment orientations (1985-1989).

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VYUŽITIE KONCEPTU VALORIZÁCIE SOCIÁLNEJ ROLY V SEKTORE SOCIÁLNYCH SLUŽIEB

70%

Repková K.

Sociológia (Sociology)

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2016

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tom 48

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nr 5

454 – 473

EN

The SRV concept, being worked out since the 1970s by W. Wolfensberger et al., has been not still widely exploited in the domestic social science literature. The author brings some arguments about its inspiring values for social research work, even so, for an area of interventions aimed to support valorisation of service users´ roles, mainly in residential long-term care services. She presents some main findings of her own research which are interpreted in the SRV´s optics. Finally, she identifies some distinctive levels on which the role-valorisation interventions should be carried-out.

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VPLYV ZAHRANIČNÝCH IMPULSOV NA ZMENU DIVADELNEJ PARADIGMY

60%

Hlaváčová A.

Slovenské divadlo (Slovak Theatre)

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2011

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tom 59

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nr 3

245 – 255

EN

The aim of this paper is a vivid capture of the paradox phenomenon: promotion of the mimicking of the Soviet example, largely on political grounds, was most massively demonstrated in the 1950s and during the “normalisation” period , which had a largely negative impact upon national culture life. However, the situation turned in the 1980s. The socio-political development in the Soviet Union ushered in reform endeavours and it opened up to outstanding culture activity. Czechoslovak power structures did not know how to react to a new situation. Fascinating regrouping in the polarisation of formal culture and dissent takes place, however, a sweeping change in the social climate and the thawing of souls appears to be a slow process. In the retrospect, the authoress probes into the issue, and attempts to analyse the reception of Soviet theatrical productions and drama texts in Slovak theatre and in art schooling of the latter half of the 1980s.

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POETIKA PRÍPRAVY: ČESKÉ A SLOVENSKÉ SCÉNY AUTOBIOGRAFICKÉHO PÍSANIA V 70. A 80. ROKOCH 20. STOROČIA

51%

Kazalarska Z.

Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)

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2016

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tom 63

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nr 5

364 – 376

EN

This article deals with Czech and Slovak unofficial autobiographical writings (diaries, private letters, notebooks and samizdat sheets) from the normalisation period of the 1970s and 1980s. The author focuses on works by authors such as Ivan Diviš, Ivan Kadlečík, Dominik Tatarka, Ludvík Vaculík a Jan Zábrana and argues that they contribute to a dissident culture of short forms, which was typical for the literature of late socialism in Eastern Europe. Analysing their reflections and meta-reflections on the act of writing, as well as on writing materials, instruments and gestures, she comes to the conclusion that these writers thematise, problematize and make use of the same „scene of writing” (Rüdiger Campe) in their works: the scene of making notes. Defining notes not merely as products, but as a writing praxis with particular instrumental and gestural features, the author draws attention to the following five figures, which are essential for the elaborated programme of making notes: intransitivity, mobility, casualness, tentativeness and excess. In order to illustrate the „poetics of preparation” (Roland Barthes), shared and developed by the examined literary works, she uses as an example a collage by the Czech dissident and exile artist Karel Trinkewitz, in which notes and haiku poems are combined. She concludes that in the interpreted autobiographical writings the scene of making notes comes to the foreground; it is not only an object of narration, reflection and meta-reflection, but turns into a scriptural gesture of resistance towards the writing conditions in the 1970s and 1980s.