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Do More Contact-attempts Reduce Non-response Bias in Representative Face-to-Face Interviews? Findings from a PAPI Survey with a Low Response Rate

100%

Jabkowski P.

ASK. Research and Methods

2011

tom 20

27-58

The aim of this article is to examine whether providing pollsters with multiple opportunities to carry out interviews with a sample of randomly selected respondents reduces non-response bias. First, I present the procedures for assessing non-response bias in sociological surveys, opting for a method based on post-stratification weights. Next, using a unique dataset, I address four basic questions related to the research problem: (1) Do more contact attempts reduce the dissimilarity between the sample and population distributions? (2) Do more contact attempts reduce the need for post-stratification weighting? (3) Which categories of respondents are underrepresented and/or overrepresented in the sample in the early and late contact attempts? (4) Do more contact attempts reduce non-response bias? While more contact attempts increased the response rate and closed the gap between sample and population, they do not always reduce the level of non-response bias. Indeed, for some types of variables, the more contact attempts, the larger the non-response bias.

ON USEFULNESS OF BAEL ECONOMIC ACTIVITY DATA (2001-2002) FOR ESTIMATION OF UNEMPLOYMENT DURATION DISTRIBUTION

100%

Bednarski T.

Studia Ekonomiczne (Economic Studies)

2005

nr 4(47)

385-396

The author analyses the estimation quality of unemployment spell distribution on the basis of economic activity data (BAEL) - collected in Poland in 2001-2002 for Eurostat and discusses the adequacy of formal model assumptions needed for standard econometric inference on the distribution. The data show high and possibly selective non-response censoring, which collides with standard formal assumptions needed for a reliable estimation. The Kaplan-Meier estimation was applied to the original data, where non-response censoring during the study was treated as independent of time variable, and to the modified data, where non-response was taken equivalent to unemployment termination. A large discrepancy between the two estimations, giving the region of actual unemployment time distribution, was observed. Similar effects were noticed in a supplementary simulation experiment. The estimations applied to four Polish provinces show no clear relationship between the local unemployment rate and the flexibility of labor market described by the unemployment spell distribution. Difficulties in a reasonably accurate estimation of the unemployment time distribution for the BAEL data are in the absence of information explaining individual's non-response during the study, and also in frequent illogical partial information necessary for the final determination of individual's active job time search.