Based on the analysis of primary sources, the study documents the genesis of teacher education in Trnava, from the establishment of the teacher training in 1857 until 1950, when the teacher training institutes were abolished. It focuses on research into music education and music practice in teacher training institutes. At the same time, it profiles music teachers in these teacher training institutions and their influence on the quality of music education.
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The article describes the impact of phonemic hearing on selected aspects of language education of children in school classes I–III with particular emphasis on learning problems and improving writing skills of dictated texts. The author explains the difference between phonemic and musical hearing. He indicates the possibilities of phonemic hearing improvement through children’s musical education at an early school stage, which directly influances the level of verbal communication skills and educational achievements.
Elementar Unterricht (Fundamentals of Teaching), a manuscript textbook of music by Melanie Diettmann, is a type of handbook which preserves the method of teaching the elements of music used on the territory of Slovakia during the first half of the 19th century. Tis textbook is documentary proof of an increased interest in acquiring music education on the part of educated town-dwellers, having regard to the upbringing of girls and young ladies. The paper presents the textbook in the context of music teaching in Slovakia in the 19th century, and also in the context of the creation of didactic works. Reflected in it is the influence of music textbooks by B. Asioli and F. P. Rigler, among others, which could serve as models for the elaboration of the manuscript examined here.
This paper elucidates the music education of women on the territory of Slovakia in the late of the 18th and early the 19th centuries, in the context of the development of piano art. The musical activity of women is traced, and the measure of their interest in piano art is estimated, using period testimonies and reflections on women’s artistic activities in writings of the time. A number of aspects of the professional activity of women are outlined, with a primary focus on teaching piano playing. The paper presents manuscripts of music textbooks from the first decades of the 19th century, whose authorship, ownership, or possible elaboration we ascribe to women.
Primary education in Slovakia represents one of the critical environments for educating children about traditional folk culture and intangible cultural heritage. Traditional music – represented especially by traditional folk songs – has occupied an essential position in this context for many decades. Moreover, there is a significant spectrum of other possible topics related to musical folklore and suitable for creative music education, such as traditional multipart singing and vocal techniques, traditional music bands and their repertoire, ethnic aspects of musical culture in Slovakia, or traditional children's musical instruments. Through our research, we tried to answer the following question: What are the current conditions for developing competencies and knowledge in musical folklore or traditional music provided by primary schools in Slovakia today? Building upon research conducted in three main areas of primary education in Slovakia, this contribution presents the results of a comprehensive study focused on the official education documents of the former State Pedagogy Institute of the Ministry of Education of the Slovak Republic (today NIVAM) and didactic tools used, created or circulated by music teachers themselves via the Internet. This contribution also presents the main problematic issues regarding education in traditional music and its cultural representations in today's school environment. Ultimately, it suggests essential tasks for the experts in traditional music, which could significantly improve the quality of the education process regarding traditional music and intangible cultural heritage (living heritage) and the conditions of today's music teachers.
Manuscript textbooks from the first half of the 19th century are, in our judgment, predominantly non-original works deriving from specific printed models, of whose reception they are documentary evidence. In a number of instances there is also an adaptation of the printed models’ texts. We ascribe to Johanna Roth the authorship of the manuscript Základy nástrojovej hudby (Fundamentals of Instrumental Music), focusing on piano playing (Primæ, Lineæ, Musicæ Instrumenalis) and dating from 1816. In our paper we present a comparison of this textbook with Johann Samuel Beyer’s textbook on singing (Anweisung zur Singe Kunst, 1703). Detailed attention is devoted to the music genre characterisation of the works in the textbook’s practical section. To Johanna Roth we ascribe a possible authorship of a textbook of basic doctrine on music and the thoroughbass (Musikalische Frag-Stückh; Haupt-Regel des rechten General-Basses). This work is derived from a work by Daniel Speer (Grund-richtiger Kurtz – Leicht – und Nöthiger jetzt Wohl- vermehrter Unterricht der Musicalischen Kunst, 1697). We present the theme in the context of the development of music education and the diffusion of music-theoretical writing during the first half of the 19th century in Slovakia.
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