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1 Študijné zvesti

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1 Kuzma I.

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VOJENSKÉ MAPOVANIA UHORSKÉHO KRÁĽOVSTVA NA JUŽNOM SLOVENSKU A DIAĽKOVÝ PRIESKUM

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Kuzma I.

Študijné zvesti

2012

nr 52

63 - 117

The paper is an introduction to the problem of the study of historical maps in connection with the remote sensing, either by aerial prospection, orthophoto images, satellite images, and so on. Historical maps have always been a precious source for historians, historical geographers and archaeologists. Through their documentary value they provide possibilities for the application of several methodological approaches as well as for the search of new ones. However, the criteria for research work are fulfilled, as regards their form and content, only by the maps coming from the first up to the third military mapping. Especially the connection with remote sensing often brings a new view of the facts which could be hardly realised without it. The maps from military mappings capture the information not only about particular categories of the use of landscape, settlements and significant objects from the military point of view, but contain also indirect information about archaeological objects from which many things may be confirmed by means of remote sensing. They include several categories of objects, either directly visible in the terrain, such as prehistoric and medieval fortifications, barrows, as well as other ones. Depending on several factors, however, the facts/objects may be drawn on historical maps more or less inaccurately. On the contrary, an aerial image is an accurate evidence of the existing state, inaccurate could be just the interpretation of its content. In favourable cases, if objects can be identified on aerial images, data from the maps could be corrected as well. Naturally, during the study of maps from the aspect of archaeology several problems emerge, such as, for example, the marking of the objects of the same nature by various marks, a limited number of marks in the map key, or some circumstances not understood by cartographers, as in the case of barrows, and many other ones.