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STEFAN SWIEZAWSKI AND LADY PHILOSOPHY. ON THE 100TH ANNIVERSARY OF HIS BIRTH

100%

Dabrowski A.

Kwartalnik Filozoficzny

2007

tom 35

nr 3

Stefan Swiezawski was above all a historian of philosophy, a medievalist and a philosopher interested primarily in metaphysics, but also in methodology. In his 'History of European Philosophy of the 15th century' he discussed various opposing intellectual tendencies, primarily the two dominating trends of the time: scholasticism (theocentrism) and humanism (anthropocentrism). He described the beginning of the process that would lead to the collapse of metaphysical realism. It must be emphasised, however, that he was interested not only in the currents of 15th-century thought, but also in the culture of the entire epoch in all its variety and richness. Swiezawski also tried to contribute to a better and fuller description of historiography, in particular the historiography of philosophy. He emphasised taking into account all possible historical conditions that influenced a particular author. He underlined the importance of careful analysis of texts with particular reference to the philosophical problems discussed. As a philosopher, he was interested in realistic metaphysics, which, in his opinion, was best suited to human needs for truth, the understanding of origins, completeness, ultimate ends and meaning (in an existential, rather than linguistic, sense). He criticised Thomism in its various forms, while also attempting to rehabilitate what he saw as the true thought and significance of Thomas Aquinas.

ARISTOTELES NA HORE SAINT-MICHEL (VO SVETLE ROVNOMENNEJ PUBLIKÁCIE S. GOUGUENHEIMA)

88%

Sivák J.

Konštantínove listy

2017

tom 10

nr 1

140 - 149

This paper wants to bring to Slovakia the probably unknown controversy about the roots of Christian Europe, which was provoked by the publication (published eight years ago) of the work of the French medievalist and former professor at Sorbonne – and which continues unabated. Did Islam bring Aristotle to Europe, or did the Christian West have its own translators, especially at Mount Saint-Michel near the Atlantic coast of France? S. Gouguenheim´s answer to the first part of the question is negative. Followed by further positive opinions by historians, such as F. Braudel, and philosophers such as Roger-Pol Droit, R. Brague and others, this view is gaining more supporters. To the detriment of the formerly prevailing official opinion, current research also suggests the fact that Averroes himself had no influence within Islam, the Hellenization of which was very limited.

Svědomí jakožto kritérium správného jednání

75%

Štěpinová M.

Studia theologica

2006

tom 8

nr 4

55-65

St. Thomas Aquinas' definition of the conscience is well known. Nevertheless, from one point of view it is surprising. According to him, it is the same human reason which (designated as practical reason) can consider one and the same thing as being good and (designated as conscience) bad at the same time. To understand his conception of the conscience, it is necessary to look into the historical background. St. Thomas developed his conception of conscience explicitly in relationship with the Augustinian tradition of higher and lower reason, with Aristotle's explication of an incontinent man and with the contemporary discussion on synderesis; and he connected it implicitly with the problem of 'two wills' from the Augustinian tradition and with the question of man's possibilities to act rightly. The article aims to explain the content of Aquinas' conception of the conscience on the basis of its historical background.

Od „anima in corpore“ k „anima forma corporis“

63%

Machula T.

Studia theologica

2004

tom 6

nr 4

44-52

The article deals with the concept of a human being with respect to its composition from soul and body. The discussion of this topic was very important and fruitful in the 13th century. It was stimulated by Aristotle's writings appearing at that time in Christian Europe. The article focuses on the most important 13th century authors who contributed to that discussion: Albert the Great, Bonaventure, Thomas Aquinas, and Latin averroists. During this discussion of soul and body, there was a shift from a platonic philosophical framework to an Aristotelian one. It also resulted in the Church doctrine of human soul.