Parody-a particular case of intertextuality-is an important term for scientists interested in modern and postmodern art. Linda Hutcheon stated that 20th century parody, to be found in every kind of art, is a repetition with critical difference. It is composed of two structural levels, of which the first one is an authority, the second-a transgression of the authority. Its entire act of enunciation includes also a pragmatic frame, i.e. the intent of parody, which spreads from comedy through neutrality to seriousness. From the author’s point of view, the compositions of Paweł Szymański (born in 1954) are interesting examples ofmusical parodies from the last decades. Among them are the second study from Two Stud- ies for piano (1986) and Through the Looking Glass...I for chamber orchestra (1987). Both these pieces are two-level and algorithmic music. The parodied texts consist of basic deter- minants of the baroque style, such as regular semiquaver rhythm and tonal configurations, expressed either by melody or by harmony. The parodying texts, which we hear, are certain mixtures of baroque and contemporary elements. Besides motoric rhythm and tonal melody or harmony, there are post-tonal fragments, a new timbre, spaciousness, fragmentation, new kinds of articulation and schematic dynamics. Taking the issue of ethos into consideration,Szymański’s parodies are serious, since baroque texts are treated as authorities.
The study primarily deals with Lubomír Doležel‘s latest book, Heterocosmica II: Fictional Worlds of Postmodern Czech Prose — its main aim is not only to analyse and describe Doležel‘s newest contribution to the investigation of the theory of postmodern literature but also to compare the methodological preconditions of his approach to this type of literature with other crucial approaches. Therefore, the crucial theses of his system of postmodern literature are critically compared with those of the approaches of Linda Hutcheon, Brian McHale, and David Lodge.
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.