Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Comprehensive review of life cycle assessment methodologies for passenger vehicles

100%

Szumska E. M.

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tom Vol. 9, No. 1

53--71

EN

Purpose: This paper aims to advance knowledge in the methodology of environmental life cycle assessment (LCA) for vehicles and to discern potential environmental and health burdens associated with combustion and electric vehicles. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted using the Scopus database, with a focus on papers published between 2005 and November 2023. The search was refined to include only English-language publications investigating passenger vehicles, resulting in a final corpus of 75 studies. Results: The review revealed that LCA conclusions for automotive vehicles can vary widely depending on the specific study's scope, methodology, and goals. Many studies emphasize the need for a holistic approach considering various drive technologies, production aspects, and local geographical conditions. Theoretical contribution: This paper contributes to the field of environmental science and sustainability by synthesizing the current state of knowledge on the environmental impact of vehicles across their entire life cycle. The findings highlight the importance of a nuanced and comprehensive approach to understanding and mitigating the environmental externalities of transportation. Practical implications: The insights from this review can inform policymakers, manufacturers, and consumers in their decisions regarding sustainable transportation solutions. By understanding the key areas of concern and improvement opportunities across the entire life cycle of vehicles, stakeholders can work towards a more environmentally responsible and sustainable transportation system.

2

Life-Cycle Assessment on Nickel-Metal Hydride Battery in Hybrid Vehicles: Comparison between Regenerated and New Battery

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Wang S. , Yu J.

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nr 43

57-79

EN

To reduce air pollution and avoid petroleum exhaustion problem, many advanced countries, especially Japan installed Hybrid Vehicles (HV). As the use of HV popularizes around the world, there will be a huge amount of End-of-Life HV in the near future, and the proper treatment of these End-of-Life HVs, especially the waste NiMH (Nickel-Metal Hydride) batteries, will become a serious problem. Currently, the recycling of NiMH battery is gaining substantial attention. However, instead of recycling waste NiMH batteries directly, regenerating and reusing a used NiMH battery for a secondhand HV will largely reduce waste battery generation and demand for new NiMH battery. However, the environmental impact of regenerating and reusing a waste NiMH battery was not clear and has not been compared with the situation when using a brand-new NiMH battery. The purpose of this research is to compare the environmental performance (CO2 emission) of regenerated NiMH battery and brand-new NiMH battery in an HV from their production to usage stage and to discuss the validity of using a regenerated NiMH in Japan and in other countries using the Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach. This research analyzed the composition of a NiMH battery and the CO2 emission during the manufacture, transportation, regeneration and usage process of a NiMH battery. The data used in this research was collected from reports and data published by the government of Japan, vehicle makers and previous studies. Original field survey and interview research on battery regeneration operators were also performed. The result showed that there is not a big difference in environmental effect. Moreover, by doing so, a huge amount of resource will be saved from battery manufacturing process while reducing waste generation. It is recommended that waste NiMH battery should be regenerated and reused in HV instead of being recycled directly in the future.

3

LCA - life cycle assessment as a step in a improvement of the industry-environment relations

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Klimecka-Tatar D. , Ingaldi M.

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tom No. 2 (3)

24--36

EN

The chapter presents a brief description of the specifics of the 14040 (14044) standard implementation according to production process. There were discussed the objectives and analysis techniques of Life Cycle Assessment based on a number indicators determined based on Life Cycle Inventory. There were also presented simplified matrixes which allow you to create a complete quantitative documentation relating to the environmental impact of production.

4

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) in energy willow cultivation on plantations with varied surface area

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Kowalczyk Z. , Kwaśniewski D.

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tom Vol. 23, No. 4

11--19

EN

The paper carries out a comparative analysis of the production technology of energy willow on plantations varied on account of the surface area in the aspect of the impact on the natural environment. The studies covered the cultivation of willow in the southern part of Poland. Technologies from soil preparation for cultivation to first harvesting and transport to a farm were analysed. A type of the applied technological treatments, used machines and transport means as well as the time of their operation, amount of the consumed fuel, pesticides, fertilizers, and water were taken into consideration. The research results were referred to the surface area of willow cultivation (1 ha). To determine the environmental impact SimaPro program version 8.1.0.60 was used. It was concluded, inter alia, that cultivation of willow on smaller plantations constitutes a bigger environmental footprint.

PL

W pracy dokonano analizy porównawczej technologii produkcji wierzby energetycznej, na zróżnicowanych pod względem powierzchni plantacjach, w aspekcie wpływu na środowisko naturalne. Badaniami objęto uprawę wierzby w południowej części Polski. Analiza dotyczyła technologii od przygotowania gleby pod uprawę, aż po pierwszy zbiór oraz transport do gospodarstwa. Wzięto pod uwagę: rodzaj stosowanych zabiegów technologicznych, wykorzystywany sprzęt maszynowy i środki transportowe oraz czas ich pracy, ilość zużytego paliwa, pestycydów, nawozów oraz wody. Wyniki badań odniesiono do powierzchni uprawy wierzby (1 ha). W celu określenia wpływu środowiskowego, zastosowano program SimaPro, wersja 8.1.0.60. Stwierdzono m. in., że uprawa wierzby na mniejszych plantacjach stanowi większe jednostkowe obciążenie dla środowiska.