Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Brněnský latinsko-německo-český slovník zapsaný za slovníkem Catholicon

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Voleková K.

Listy filologické (Folia philologica)

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2013

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tom 136

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nr 1-2

59-123

EN

In this paper, a Latin-German-Czech glossary is presented which follows the Latin monolingual glossary Catholicon by Johannes Balbus of Genoa in a Brno manuscript stored in the City Archive of Brno, Manuscript Collection No. 115. The Latin-German-Czech glossary is a Czech adaptation of two Latin-German glossaries. The author of the Brno glossary copied the whole Abstractum glossary from a source containing probably Latin-German Abstractum, Abba, and Abbreviare glossaries including a complete translation into Czech, yet he supplemented it by adding entries of the Abba glossary. The same trilingual source was used also by the author of a glossary preserved in an Esztergom manuscript (Esztergomi Föszékesegyházi Könyvtár, sign. M II 8) but its author omitted the German equivalents. A transliterated edition of the Latin-German-Czech glossary from the Brno manuscript accompanied by a critical apparatus is also contained in the present study.

2

K dalším latinsko‑českým mamotrektům

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Voleková K.

Historie – Otázky – Problémy (History, Issues, Problems)

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2013

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tom 5

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nr 2

131-140

EN

During the Middle Ages not only Latin biblical commentaries were used to understand the Bible, but also monolingual Latin dictionaries focusing on unusual vocabulary. The most popular included Mammotrectus, which was compiled at the beginning of the 14th century by the Italian minorite Giovanni Marchesini and which in the Czech lands during the 15th century acquired Czech translations mostly taken from the second redaction of the Old Czech Bible. This dictionary formed the basis for bilingual Latin‑Czech biblical dictionaries known as Mammotrecti. Nineteen Mammotrecti have been dealt with by two Czech researchers, Bohumil Ryba and Vladimír Kyas. This paper also presents another three Mammotrecti from the 15th century: a Latin‑Czech local Mammotrect on the biblical prologues, written on the front and back inside covers of a manuscript at the St Vitus Metropolitan Chapter library under the administration of the Prague Castle Archive (shelf no. B 2/1), a Latin‑Czech local Mammotrect from the manuscript of the former St James parish library in Brno (City of Brno Archive, St James Library shelf no. 34/42), which highlights the translation of difficult words from the New Testament, and a Latin‑Czech local Mammotrect on pericopes from the Gospels and the Epistles based on the church year from a manuscript housed in the monasterial library in Schlägl, Austria (shelf no. Cpl. 203).

3

LatinSuper, HittiteŠer, and the Indo-European Numeral ‘7’

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Shields K.

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2011

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tom 53

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nr 1

83-86

EN

In this brief paper, it is argued that the initial *s- found in the Latin and perhaps Greek reflexes of the Indo-European adprep *uper(i) ‘over, above’ derives from blending with another adprep of the same meaning, *ser(i). Evidence is also presented for the creation of another blend involving these two forms, *sep-, which may underlie the Indo-European root for ‘7’. This latter assertion is strengthened by typological precedent.

4

Recenzja edycji: Jan Kochanowski, Carmina latina, cz. 3: Komentarz, oprac. Z. Głombiowska, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego, Gdańsk 2013, ss. 983

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Płachcińska K. , Uniwersytet Łódzki K. L. S. i. N. P. , She is the associate professor at the University of Łódź (from 2005) t. h. o. O.-P. L. s. D. H. s. c. t. p. s. o. t. t. c. a. o. t. s. h. o. t. c. t. u. o. b. a. p. s.

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tom 17

EN

The third part of the critical edition of Jan Kochanowski’s corpus in Latin, published by Zofia Głombiowska in 2013, contains an editorial commentary. This volume is the last part of a large and impressive work which was necessary for the academic knowledge of Polish Renaissance literature.

5

LES PIÈGES DE L’ÉTYMOLOGIE : LES DIFFICULTÉS DES FRANCOPHONES AU COURS DE L’APPRENTISSAGE DU LATIN

88%

Őrsi T.

Concordia Discors vs Discordia Concors: Researches into Comparative Literature, Contrastive Linguistics, Cross-Cultural and Translation Strategies

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2009

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tom 1

89-100

EN

The fact is generally acknowledged that, based on the genetic relation between French and Latin, knowing one facilitates greatly learning the other. Therefore, if we start learning Latin after we learned French, we expect a rapid progress, but we are faced with a number of difficulties when trying to learn Latin, due to the fact that the two languages belong to different linguistic systems as far as their morphology is concerned. It is true that most of the French vocabulary comes from Latin, but the phonetic changes that have occurred along the centuries made it difficult for us to recognize easily the relation between the two linguistic systems. Apart from the phonetic changes, there are also important semantic changes; what this paper will underline is the frequent dissonance between the French and Latin vocabulary.

6

Wykładniki struktury tematyczno-rematycznej w języku łacińskim

88%

Górska M.

Linguistica Copernicana

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2012

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nr 1(7)

153-170

EN

The aim of the article is to survey the markers of the thematic-rhematic structure in Latin. Since Latin is an inflected language with so called 'free' (or rather 'flexible') word order, the word order itself is the main marker of the thematic-rhematic structure. Besides word order, there are also other means serving as markers of theme or rheme in Latin. Rheme can be indicated by the cleft construction, well known in many languages. More varied markers serve to express the theme constituent. Among them there are the so-called correlative constructions qui/quod... is/id, syntactically independent propositional phrases de + ablativus, the so-called nominativus pendens, and the expression quod pertinent ad... However, the means mentioned above seem to be the emphatic markers of the thematic-rhematic structure.

7

Latin Poetic Translations of the Batrachomyomachia: A Historical Overview

88%

VANSPAUWEN A.

Eirene. Studia Graeca et Latina

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2017

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tom 53

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nr 1-2

219-237

EN

The Batrachomyomachia (“the Battle of Frogs and Mice”) is a parody on the Homeric epics. The poem, attributed to Homer, was very popular during the renaissance. This study focusses on the Latin poetic translations of the Batrachomyomachia. The overview given here is the first systematic study of Latin poetic translations of the Batrachomyomachia. It provides an extensive overview of the translations and a discussion of several characteristics of these translations as a whole.

8

The end of Latin civilisation or the beginning of the sixth Renaissance?

88%

Ochman K.

Nauka

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2017

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nr 4

PL

The article presents a series of five cultural renaissances which took place in the Western World from the 3rd century BC to the 15th–16th centuries AD. One feature which all these renaissances had in common was a type of technological turn which either triggered or helped to spread renewed interest in literature. The end of the 20th century and especially the beginning of the 21st century has been witness to a major technological revolution. Some signs of literary and philological renewal can also be observed, especially in the field of classical studies. All this has led some scholars to believe that we are currently heading for the sixth Renaissance.

9

Stanowisko ks. Josyfa Łewyćkiego (1801-1860) w sporze o alfabet języka ruskiego (ukraińskiego) w Galicji w latach 30. i 40. XIX wieku*

88%

Dwornik K.

Acta Polono-Ruthenica

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2016

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nr 21

17-26

EN

In the 30s of 19th century the Ruthenian (Ukrainian) national movement in the Austrian Galicia was dominated by the dilemma of so called azbuchna vijna (Ukrainian „alphabet war”). The dispute among the national activists was about the change the Cyrillic script to the Latin alphabet adopted from Polish language. This paper presents the arguments of Greek-Catholic father Josyph Levytskyi, who was the most influential critic of the idea of latinization. He published his ideas in a small booklet that was distributed together with the Polish weekly „Rozmaitości” . Levytskyi stressed on long history of the Cyrillic alphabet and its uniqueness. Moreover, he claimed that new alphabet will not make Ruthenian literature more European and will only give the Poles another reason to call Ruthenian language a variety of Polish. On the other hand, Levytskyi did not appraised very much the usage of grazhdanka by the „Rus Trinity” and criticised the new orthography, which was based on phonetic principle. Key words: Latin, Cyrillic, Ukrainian, alphabet war, Levytskyi.

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Lat. servus ‘Diener, Sklave’, slav. *orbъ ‘Sklave, Waise, Kind’, slav. *sirota ‘Waise’

75%

Levickij V.

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tom 18

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nr 2

83-90

EN

The oldest names for ‘slave’ in Indo-European languages are connected with the notions ‘captive’, ‘prisoner’, ‘tied’. Taking into consideration this typology we can assume that Lat. servus ‘servant, slave’ might go back to PIE *ser- ‘to tie, to bind’. PIE *or-bho-s, to which Proto-Slav. *orbъ ‘slave, child, orphan’ goes back, may have been formed from *er-/or- ‘to cut, to separate’ > ‘orphan’. The Proto-Slav. word *sirota ‘orphan’ may also have been formed after this pattern.

11

ШЛЯХИ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ МОТИВАЦІЇ ДО ВИВЧЕННЯ ДИСЦИПЛІНИ «ЛАТИНСЬКА МОВА ТА ОСНОВИ МЕДИЧНОЇ ТЕРМІНОЛОГІЇ» В МЕДИЧНОМУ УНІВЕРСИТЕТІ

75%

Куліченко А.

Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології

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2015

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nr 5(49)

279-286

EN

The article deals with the ways of increasing motivation towards the academic discipline ‘Latin and the Fundamentals of Medical Terminology’ at the medical university and proves their usefulness. Specifically, the author’s attention is focused on such methodical aspects as: ‒ the greeting and farewell in Latin. The author believes that it is important for the first-year students as a form of respect to language and to a lecturer; ‒ the usage of the Latin proverbs and sayings. Firstly, by using the given educational material the lecturer may achieve an educational (moralizing) goal in the classroom. Secondly, a proverb is one of important tools in the phonetic warming up that helps students to prepare their organs of speech for different activities in class. Thirdly, through proverbs and sayings students learn many words and master grammar rules; ‒ self-study of the Latin proverbs and sayings during the school year. Students are proposed to learn by heart a certain number (about 50) of eloquent expressions during the school year. They choose interesting proverbs by themselves; ‒ encyclopedic minutes. This is a short presentation of some informative facts (myths, legends) that related to the peculiarities of the Latin language; ‒ different projects. Students can be involved as listeners or speakers into studentsʼ research societies (circles) organized by the Department of Foreign Languages; in the studentsʼ scientific conferences at all levels; in cultural events related to foreign languages, including Latin. The following methods are used in the article: analysis, synthesis, generalization, classification, interpretation of pedagogical sources with the purpose to determine the conceptual and terminological apparatus; observation ‒ with the purpose to identify the ways of increasing motivation towards the academic discipline ‘Latin and the Fundamentals of Medical Terminology’. The prospect of further research is the analysis of the student’s interest while studying the discipline Latin and the Fundamentals of Medical Terminology (foreign languages) at the medical university.

12

Latin as the Language of Social Communication of the Polish Nobility (Based on the Latin Heraldic Work by Szymon Okolski)

75%

Milewska-Waźbińska B.

Roczniki Humanistyczne

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2013

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tom 61

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nr 3: Filologia Klasyczna

55-61

EN

The article highlights the role of Latin as the language of communication of the nobility living in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. At the beginning discusses the concept "latinitas", which meant not only the correct Latin, but also pointed to the ideological content of antiquity passed through the language of the ancient Romans. The article traced the process of using Latin as a tool for maintaining social ties. We studied Latin armorial "Orbis Polonus" by Simon Okolski (Cracow 1641-1645). It turned out that the language of this work was not only informative but also persuasive, propaganda and emotive. It concludes that Okolski consciously wrote his work in the language of the ancient Romans.

PL

W artykule podkreśla się rolę języka łacińskiego jako języka komunikacji społecznej szlachty zamieszkującej Rzeczpospolitą Obojga Narodów. Na początku omawia się pojęcie latinitas, które oznaczało nie tylko poprawną łacinę, lecz także wskazywało na treści ideowe antyku przekazywane za pomocą języka starożytnych Rzymian. W artykule prześledzono proces wykorzystania łaciny jako narzędzia pozwalającego na utrzymanie więzi społecznej. Badaniu poddano łaciński herbarz Orbis Polonus Szymona Okolskiego (Kraków 1641-1645). Okazało się, że język tego dzieła pełnił nie tylko funkcję informacyjną, lecz także perswazyjną, propagandową i emotywną. W konkluzji stwierdza się, że Okolski świadomie napisał swe dzieło w języku starożytnych Rzymian.

13

Od latiny k němčině. Slezská města jako vydavatel i příjemce německých a latinských písemností ve 14. století

75%

Velička T.

Historie – Otázky – Problémy (History, Issues, Problems)

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2015

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tom 7

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nr 1

113-129

EN

The core of this article deals with the use of language in the diplomatic texts written in Silesia throughout the 14th century. Main focus is on the administrative offices of the territorial lord and their produce directed towards the towns, as well as the resources based in town’s offices and the language in which these are written. Individual towns are dealt with individually as well as from the viewpoint of belonging to a certain duchy and region, where the practice in terms of using a certain language may have been different.

14

Národní jazyky v české knižní produkci druhé poloviny 18. století

63%

Bláha O.

Historie – Otázky – Problémy (History, Issues, Problems)

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2017

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tom 9

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nr 1

66-75

EN

The study considers the ratio between books written in one of the national languages (German, Czech), books written in Latin in the total book production of Bohemia, Moravia and Austrian Silesiain 1751, 1761, 1771, 1781, and 1791. Data obtained by excerpting the catalogues of the National Library of Prague and the Scientific Library in Olomouc are used to outline the changing language situation in the Czech Lands. The author indicates that Czech as a language for more demanding communication (both written and printed) only faced a real threat at the end of the 18th century, when German occupied positions previously occupied by Latin, while the imports of German-languageliterature from the countries beyond the borders of Bohemia, Moravia and Austrian Silesia were rising. Furthermore, the author draws attention to the importance of Czech-language books in the output of Slovak and Hungarian printers for the creation of a language consciousness in the Czech Lands.

15

Łacińskie pius a problemy definiowania słów i wyrażeń w językach historycznych

51%

Lipiński D. , Kopernika U. M. , Dawid Lipiński. Doktorant przy Katedrze Filologii Klasycznej UMK z. j. t. z. I. J. P. Z. m. l. i. i. s. w. , dawid.t.lipinski@gmail.com

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2015

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tom 4

EN

A linguist who studies historical languages, such as Latin, through synchronous perspective, meets one important problem - the lack of knowledge of language conventions. Basically, it is difficult to research by the lack of the ability to create your own sentences by intuition, and thus the inability to verify their hypotheses through semantic tests. As a result, he is convicted on contextual research. In this chapter, I propose a way of defining words and phrases in the historical languages. To do this, I arrange a semantic analysis of the Latin word pius. This term made many definitional problems for the authors of dictionaries and translators, above all, by the presence in a variety of contexts. As a result, the assumed existence of several equally-looking expressions was suggested. I explicates pius, assuming a theory of reductionist semantics, extended to my demands, for example verifying linguistic data with cultural data.

PL

Językoznawca zajmujący się badaniem z perspektywy synchronicznej języków historycznych, np. języka łacińskiego, natyka się na jeden znaczący problem – brak znajomości konwencji językowych. Zasadniczo utrudnia mu to prowadzenie badań przez brak możliwości tworzenia własnych zdań dzięki intuicji i tym samym przez niemożność weryfikowania swoich hipotez dzięki zasadzie sprzeczności. W efekcie tego skazany jest on na badania kontekstowe. W niniejszym artykule proponuję sposób definiowania słów i wyrażeń w językach historycznych. Do tego celu służy mi analiza semantyczna łacińskiego słowa pius. Wyraz ten nastręczał wielu problemów definicyjnych autorom słowników i tłumaczom, przede wszystkim przez występowanie w różnorodnych kontekstach. W efekcie tego zakładano a priori istnienie kilku tak samo wyglądających jednostek leksykograficznych. Przyjmując założenia semantyki redukcjonistycznej rozszerzone o swoje postulaty, m.in. weryfikowanie danych językowych z danymi ogólnokulturowymi, dokonuję eksplikacji wyrazu pius.

16

Karel IV. a čeština

51%

Hasil J.

Studie z aplikované lingvistiky - Studies in Applied Linguistics

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2017

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tom 8

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nr Zvláštní číslo 2017

23-33

EN

The text focuses on different aspects of the relation of Charles IV of Luxembourg, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Bohemia, to the Czech language and other languages. As is well known, Charles IV mastered German, Czech, French, Italian and Latin, in both oral and written forms. He was also the author of many literary works (autobiography, legend, parts of chronicles, legal literature). In the Golden Bull (the constitution of the Holy Roman Empire), Charles IV set the Czech language as one of the three official languages of the Empire (together with German and Italian), promoted literature written in Czech and initiated the creation of Klaretovy slovníky. He sponsored the foundation of the Emmaus Monastery in Prague and its scriptorium, where numerous texts in Old Slavonic were created.

17

Funkcjonalna interpretacja tekstów historycznych. Dwa typy tekstów prolepsy w języku greckim na przykładzie Medei Eurypidesa (248-249) i Ewangelii wg św. Jana (12, 12-13)

51%

Sobotka P.

Linguistica Copernicana

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2012

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nr 1(7)

53-85

EN

The two parts of the article analyse the possibilities of a functional interpretation, in terms of the theme-rheme devision, of ancient texts. The author discusses examples from Classical Greek and Latin as well as New Testament Greek, especially their word order, grammatical and lexical features. On this basis he proposes an analytical approach to the description of the linguistic values connected on some degree with the communicative structure of these examples. The contextual procedures of indicating markers of thematic or rhematic elements of the sentences in question should be compared with conclusions drawing on the grammatical and semantic observations on the sentence constituents. The determination of theme and rheme exponents must be made - depending on the language - by verifying the means of coding information structure, relevant to the given language, text type, and time of its composition. A complete description of these means should be proceeded by detailed investigation of, for example, in the case of Ancient Greek: standard and contrastive word order, initial positions of utterances (including semantic descriptions of items involved in these positions), functions of the particles, conjunctions, articles, adverbs, personal pronouns, anaphors et al., syntactic and semantic roles of the constituents, etc. The second part of this article considers information status and value of Greek prolepsis. The author distinguishes morphological, syntactic and lexical prolepsis. The las two types are discussed using examples from Medea by Eurypides and the Gospel of St. John. The first example represents syntactic prolepsis, the second one - lexical. Neither the pronoun ἡμᾶς 'we' from Medea, nor the noun φοινίκων 'palm branches' from St. John's Gospel are thematic as claimed by some researches. Both syntactic and lexical prolepsis are components of a different level of utterances than the material one. The author postulates to consider them as rhematic rather than thematic. Prolepsis functions like quotation which comments on the whole utterance.

18

Rozważania o różnorodności kolorów i ich łacińskich oraz greckich nazwach w Nocach attyckich (2.26) Aulusa Gelliusza

44%

Piechocka-Kłos M.

Studia Warmińskie

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2016

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nr 53

319-329

PL

W niniejszym artykule omówiono treść dwudziestego szóstego rozdziału zawartego w drugiej księdze Nocy attyckich autorstwa Aulusa Gelliusza. Rozdział ten nie doczekał się jeszcze opracowania w języku polskim. Jednakże podjęta w nim kwestia rozważań na temat różnorodności kolorów i ich łacińskich oraz greckich nazw sprawiła, że wątek ten poddano badaniom pod kątem historyczno-filologicznym. Co ważne, Noce attyckie to bogaty materiał z różnych dziedzin, takich jak filozofia, etyka, literatura, gramatyka, etymologia, nawet krytyka tekstu, historia, retoryka i prawo. Tak więc jest to niezwykle cenne źródło wiedzy o antyku.

EN

This publication presents the contents of Chapter 26 of Book II of Attic Nights by Aulus Gellius. This chapter has not been discussed yet in the Polish language. However, because of the issue of the variety of colours and their Latin and Greek names that the chapter explores, this thread has been studied from the historical and philological perspective. It should be remembered that Attic Nights contains a rich amount of material pertaining to various disciplines, such as philosophy, ethics, literature, grammar, etymology and even textual criticism, history, rhetoric and law. Therefore, it constitutes an extremely precious source of knowledge about antiquity.

DE

Die vorliegende Publikation befasst sich mit dem Inhalt des 26. Kapitels im zweiten Buch der Noctes Atticae von Aulus Gellius. Dieses Kapitel erfuhr bisher keine Behandlung in polnischer Sprache. Da jedoch die in ihm enthaltene Fragestellung bezüglich der Verschiedenartigkeit der Farben und der Bezeichnungen von Farben in lateinischer und griechischer Sprache von Bedeutung ist, wurde das Kapitel mit Untersuchungen im Hinblick auf historisch-philosophische Themen belegt. Es ist zu beachten, dass die Noctes Atticae reich an Material aus verschiedenen Wissensbereichen sind, da in dem Werk Themen der Philosophie, der Ethik, der Literatur, der Grammatik, der Etymologie und sogar der Textkritik, der Geschichte, der Rhetorik und der Rechtswissenschaften angesprochen werden. Dieses Werk stellt sich daher als außerordentlich wertvolle Quelle des Wissens über die Antike dar.

19

Vícejazyčnost literárního života v českých zemích 14. a 15. století : Sedm tematických exkurzů v rámci bohemistiky

38%

Sichálek J.

Česká literatura (Czech Literature)

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2014

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tom 62

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nr 6

711-744

EN

Seven short case studies chart the issues surrounding multilingualism in 14th and 15th century Bohemical literature: I) Czech as a „corpus delicti“, II) The alternation of Czech an German in the Latin language kontext, III) Mulitilingualism in practice: between polylingualism and liguistic interference, IV) Multilingualism: mise en forme and mise en page, V) Mélange as a poetic technique, VI) Multilingualism as a literary motif, VII) Literary history versus Bohemical multilingual literature. In addition to the relations between Latin, Czech and German, the author also takes into account Hebrew, Polish, Slovak and Old Church Slavonic, drawing attention inter alia to the need to correct blanket statements about trilingual literary life in the medieval Czech lands.

CS

Studie mapuje v sedmi případových studiích problematiku vícejazyčnosti bohemikálního písemnictví 14. a 15. století: I. Čeština jako „corpus delicti“, II. Alternace češtiny a němčiny v latinskojazyčném kontextu, III. Vícejazyčnost v praxi: mezi polylingvností a jazykovou interferencí, IV. Vícejazyčnost: mise en forme a mise en page, V. Melanž jako poetická technika, VI. Vícejazyčnost jako literární motiv, VII. Literární dějepis versus bohemikální vícejazyčné písemnictví. Vedle vztahů latiny, češtiny a němčiny si autor všímá také hebrejštiny, polštiny, slovenštiny a církevní slovanštiny a upozorňuje mimo jiné na potřebu korigovat en bloc formulovaná tvrzení o trojjazyčném literárním životě středověkých českých zemí.