Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

The water exchange in estuarine lakes of the southern Baltic Sea as on the Gardno Lake example

100%

Jędrasik J. , Cyberski J.

Oceanological Studies

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2000

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tom Vol. 29, No. 3

43-66

EN

The study of the Lake Gardno uses methodology that enables to estimate a magnitude of the sea inflows, their conditioning and timing as well as frequencies of their occurrence in lake estuaries. A three dimensional hydrodynamic model was applied to the linked regions of the Baltic Sea and the Gardno Lake. The quantitative estimates allow verifying the previous calculations of the water balance including long term changes.

2

Leeches [Hirudinea] in the central part of brackish Lake Gardno

88%

Jablonska-Barna I. , Bielecki A.

Polish Journal of Natural Sciences

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2002

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tom 12

3

Copper, zinc, manganese, lead and cadmium in plants of Gardno Lake

75%

Trojanowski P. , Trojanowski J. , Parzych A.

Archiwum Ochrony Środowiska

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2005

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tom Vol. 31, no. 4

45-58

EN

In the present paper there have been shown the results of research on the content of zinc, cadmium, copper, manganese and lead in chosen plants (Myriophyllum spicatun, Potamogeton natans, Acorus calamus, Nuphar lutea, Elodea canadensis, Phragmites australis, Typha latifolia, Sparganium ramosum hudds, Veronica anagallis) of Lake Gardno in the years 2000-2001. The first data concerning the accumulation of those metals in the maerophytes of Lake Gardno has been provided. The biggest concentration of examined metals has been observed in Potamogeton natans and Elodea canadensis, on average Zn -34.9 ug g-1, Pb - 2.77 ug g-1, Cd - 0.62 ug g-1, Cu - 3.24 ug g-1 and Mn - 257.4 ug g-1. They are also characterized by the biggest coefficients of concentration of those metals, and therefore they have the biggest abilities to cumulate in them. It has been found that the over-ground parts of the plants under analysis cumulate several times less of heavy metals than their roots. The determined enrichment factors enabled the researchers to state that copper in the examined plants is of natural origin while manganese, cadmium and zinc - of anthropogenic origin. The highest level of phytosorption of the metals under analysis in Lake Gardno was shown by Phragmites australis: Zn - 13.22 mg m2, Pb - 2.16 mg m2, Cd - 0.15 mg m2, Cu - 0.95 mg m2, Mn - 130.53 mg m2.

PL

W prezentowanej pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań zawartości cynku, kadmu, miedzi, manganu i ołowiu w wybranych roślinach (Myriophyllum spicatun, Polamogeton natans, Acorus calamus, Nuphar lulea, Elodea canadensis. Phragmites australis, Typha latifolia, Sparganium ramosum hudds, Veronica anagallis) jeziora Gardno w latach 2000-2001. Są to pierwsze doniesienia o akumulacji metali w makrofitach tego jeziora. Największą koncentrację badanych metali obserwowano w Potamogeton natans i Elodea canadensis, średnio: Zn - 34,9 ug gg-1, Pb - 2,77 fig %\ Cd - 0,62 ug g-1, Cu - 3,24 ug g-1 i Mn - 257,4 ug g-1. Rośliny te charakteryzowały się największymi współczynnikami koncentracji tych metali, a metale wykazywały największą zdolność kumulacji w tych roślinach. Stwierdzono, że części nadziemne badanych roślin kumulowały kilkakrotnie mniej metali niż ich korzenie. Wyznaczone współczynniki wzbogacenia wykazały, że miedź w badanych roślinach jest pochodzenia naturalnego, a mangan, kadm i cynk - pochodzenia antropogenicznego. Najwyższy poziom fitosorpcji metali w jeziorze Gardno wykazywał Phragmites australis: Zn - 13,22 mg m2, Pb - 2,16 mg m2, Cd - 0,15 mg m2, Cu - 0,95 mg m2, Mn - 130,53 mg m2.

4

Spatial distribution and seasonal variability in chlorophyll concentrations in the coastal Lake Gardno [Poland]

75%

Ficek D. , Wielgat-Rychert M.

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tom 38

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nr 1

3-15

5

Enzymatic activity and degradation of organic macromolecules by neustonic and planktonic bacteria in an estuarine lake

75%

Mudryk Z. J. , Skorczewski P.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2006

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tom 54

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nr 1

EN

Neustonic (film layer ~ 90 µm, surface layer ~ 240 µm) and planktonic bacteria (subsurface layer ~ 10–15 cm) participating in the processes of decomposition of organic macromolecular compounds, and their potential capability to synthesise extracellular enzymes were studied in a shallow estuarine lake (Lake Gardno – Baltic coast). The studied bacteria were capable of decomposing a wide spectrum of organic macromolecular compounds. Most bacteria inhabiting surface and subsurface water layers hydrolysed lipids, proteins and DNA. The microflora hydrolysing cellulose was represented by the least abundant group of organisms. Of the studied enzymes, alkaline and acid phosphatases, leucine arylaminase, esterase, and esterase lipase were synthesised most actively while β-glucouronidase (βGl) and α-fucosidase (αFu) were synthesized least actively. It can be clearly seen that enzymatic activity was stratified, and there were differences between studied water layers. Bacterial strains isolated from surface and subsurface layers were more active in synthesizing extracellular enzymes than bacteria inhabiting the film layer. Bacteria isolated from various parts of Lake Gardno synthesized the tested hydrolytic enzymes with a similar intensity.

6

The water exchange in estuarine lakes of the Southern Baltic Sea as on the Gardno Lake example

75%

Jedrasik J. , Cyberski J.

Oceanological Studies

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2000

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tom 29

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nr 3

7

Factors controlling pelagic production and respiration in a shallow polymictic lake

63%

Wielgat-Rychter M. , Rychter K. , Ficek D.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2010

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tom Vol. 58, nr 2

379-385

EN

Shallow lakes, defined as 'nonstratifying', polymictic water bodies are usually eutrophic and highly productive, and more turbid than deeper lakes due to bottom sediment resuspension. Gross primary production (GPP) and total planktonic community respiration (TCR) were measured in a very shallow (on average 1.2 m deep) and large (area 25 km2), polymictic, eutrophic Lake Gardno (Baltic coastal lake, Northern Poland) with the light-and-dark bottle method. The aim was to compare GPP to TCR ratio in the pelagic zone in a course of a year and identify factors governing these processes. Identified factors governing GPP were light conditions and temperature, with Q[10] = 2.23 in the 2-24.5[degrees]C temperature range, whereas TCR was driven by water temperature (Q[10] = 2.15 in the same temperature range) and by organic matter content in water. TCR was correlated with total suspended matter (effect of bottom sediment resuspension due to wind action in a very shallow lake), however not with chlorophyll content. During two-year measurement period (years 2006 and 2007), annual GPP amounted to 402 and 471 g C m[^-2], and TCR amounted to 192 and 223 g C m[^-2] respectively. Lake Gardno pelagic system seemed to be net autotrophic on annual basis; GPP to TCR ratio = 2.1. Part of the organic matter produced in pelagial is probably deposited in bottom sediments decomposed there. Wind induced resuspension increases matter content in water (measured here as TSM content) and thus contributes to pelagic respiration processes (TCR).

8

Assessment of the trophic state of the coastal Lake Gardno based on community structure and zooplankton-related indices

63%

Paturej E.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Biology

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2006

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tom 09

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nr 2

EN

An analysis of the species composition of zooplankton of Lake Gardno was based on the materials collected in the years 1998–2002, from July to August. It was found that the numbers of zooplankton species, their abundance and biomass were greatly variable, and depended on abiotic factors and lake trophy. An analysis of the structural characteristics of zooplankton as bioindicators of lake eutrophication revealed the presence of some species of rotifers and crustaceans in the zooplankton community, considered good indicators of lake trophy. The zooplankton-related trophic state indices enabled to classify Lake Gardno as eutrophic and meso-eutrophic.

9

Seasonal changes of nutrients concentration in two shallow estuarine lakes gardno and Lebsko; Comparison

63%

Jarosiewicz A.

Baltic Coastal Zone. Journal of Ecology and Protection of the Coastline

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2009

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tom 13 part I

EN

The aim of this paper was the presentation and comparison of seasonal biogens changes and trophy state classification of two biggest shallow coastal lakes Gardno and Łebsko, located in the northern part of Poland, along the southern coast of the Baltic Sea. Measurements were conducted once a month from April to December 2007. For the purpose of this article at each lake one measurement station was selected, to represent well mixed area of the lakes, far from outlet to the sea and rivers. Performed measurements showed that the lakes are similar. The differences, observed between biogens concentration in lakes were statistically insignificant. Seasonal dynamics of nutrients concentration in lakes indicated that the lakes are typical shallow lakes. Moreover, the summer concentration of total nitrogen and phosphorus qualify these lakes as eutrophic.

PL

Celem niniejszego opracowania była prezentacja i porównanie sezonowych zmian stężenia substancji biogenicznych oraz określenie poziomu trofii dwóch jezior przymorskich Gardna i Łebska. Jeziora te zlokalizowane są wzdłuż południowego wybrzeża Morza Bałtyckiego. Zaprezentowane rezultaty są wynikiem badań prowadzonych od kwietnia do grudnia 2007 roku. Do celów publikacji na każdym z jezior wyselekcjonowane zostało jedno stanowisko pomiarowe, charakteryzujące się zarówno minimalnym oddziaływaniem słonych wód morskich, jak i słodkich wód rzecznych. Przeprowadzone analizy wykazały, iż dynamika składników biogenicznych w omawianych jeziorach jest podobna, a różnice stężenia poszczególnych form azotu i fosforu nie są istotne statystycznie. Ponadto zaobserwowano, że sezonowe zmiany stężenia biogenów w Gardnie i Łebsku mają przebieg typowy dla jezior płytkich. Określenie poziomu trofii jezior opierało się na porównaniu letnich stężeń azotu i fosforu całkowitego w toni wodnej jezior. Na podstawie tych porównań zarówno Łebsko, jak i Gardno zakwalifikowano do typu eutroficznego.

10

Field hedges of southern part of the Gardno Lake - a rare, endangered and interesting vascular plant refuge

63%

Sobisz Z. , Truchan M.

Baltic Coastal Zone. Journal of Ecology and Protection of the Coastline

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2008

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tom 12

EN

This paper presents results of floristic investigations on the southern part of the Gardno Lake. In 2005-2006 vegetation seasons 81 rare, endangered and interesting vascular plants were found. Among them there are 27 species protected by law (19 strictly and 8 partially) (Ustawa… 2004), e.g.: Dactylorhiza majalis, Epipactic helleborine, E. palustris, Galium odoratum, Hepatica nobilis, Lycopodium annotinum, Matteucia struthiopteris, Lilium martagon, Listera ovata, Lonicera periclymenum, Ornithogalum nutans. The Euphorbia palustris found on the investigation area is in direct danger of extinction in the Western Pomerania region.

PL

Badania florystyczne zadrzewień śródpolnych południowej części jeziora Gardno prowadzone były w sezonach wegetacyjnych 2005-2006. Stwierdzono 81 rzadkich, zagrożonych i interesujących taksonów roślin naczyniowych. 27 z nich jest objętych ochroną prawną (19 – ochroną całkowitą i 8 – częściową). Do gatunków tych należą między innymi: Dacty-lorhiza majalis, Epipactic helleborine, E. palustris, Galium odoratum, Hepatica nobilis, Lycopodium annotinum, Matteucia struthiopteris, Lilium martagon, Listera ovata, Lonicera periclymenum, Ornithogalum nutans. Euphorbia palustris odnotowany nad brzegiem rzeki Grabownicy (dopływ Gardna) jest gatunkiem bezpośrednio zagrożonym wymarciem (E) na Pomorzu Zachodnim.

11

Heavy metals migration in the system: near-bottom water - interstitial water - bottom sediment in Gardno Lake

63%

Trojanowski J. , Trojanowska C. , Janczak C.

Baltic Coastal Zone. Journal of Ecology and Protection of the Coastline

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2007

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tom 11

EN

The study of heavy metals concentration in the estuarine lake Gardno water and bottom sediments showed that the river Łupawa and periodic inputs of sea water exert decisive influence on forming of the water stores and bottom sediments quality in this lake. The largest concentrations of Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn were observed at river mouth into the lake region (Cd – 0.26, Cu – 3.71, Mn – 94.3, Pb – 10.01, Zn – 16.26 μg dm-3) and the lowest at water outflow from the lake region (Cd – 0.13, Cu – 1.81, Mn – 53.8, Pb – 8.86, Zn – 8.05 μg dm-3). Average concentrations of those metals in the lake water, suspension and bottom sediment form the following row: Mn>Zn>Pb>Cu>Cd. The contents of analysed metals were the highest in interstitial water, smaller in near-bottom water and the smallest in surface water. Average content of metals in near-bottom suspension was about 30% higher than that in surface suspension, but enrichment factors of those metals in suspensions do not show essential statistic differences. This probably results from continual mixing of water masses by wind. The migration coefficients indicated that bottom sediments of lake Gardno have large accumulation properties of heavy metals.

PL

W latach 2002-2003 przeprowadzono badania nad koncentracją metali ciężkich w wodzie i osadach dennych estuariowego jeziora Gardno. Wykazano, że przepływająca przez to jezioro rzeka Łupawa i okresowe wlewy wody morskiej mają istotny wpływ na zawartość Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb i Cd w wodzie i osadach dennych tego jeziora. Największą koncentrację tych metali obserwowano w rejonie ujścia Łupawy do jeziora (Cd – 0,26, Cu – 3,71, Mn – 94,3, Pb – 10,01 Zn – 16,26 μg dm-3), a najmniejszą w rejonie wypływu tej rzeki z jeziora (Cd – 0,13, Cu – 1,81, Mn – 53,8, Pb – 8,86, Zn – 8,05 μg dm-3). Przeciętna zawartość tych metali w wodzie, zawiesinach i osadzie dennym układała się w następującej kolejności Mn>Zn> Pb>Cu>Cd. Ich stężenia były najwyższe w wodzie iłowej, mniejsze w wodzie przydennej, a najmniejsze w wodzie powierzchniowej. Przeciętna zawartość analizowanych metali w zawiesinie przydennej była o około 30% większa niż w zawiesinie powierzchniowej. Wyznaczone współczynniki wzbogacenia wskazują, że Pb, Zn i Mn w osadach dennych badanego jeziora są głównie pochodzenia antropogenicznego, natomiast Cd pochodzenia naturalnego. Pochodzenie Cu zależne jest od rejonu jeziora. Osady denne jeziora Gardno charakteryzują się dużymi zdolnościami kumulacji metali ciężkich. Dlatego też w tym jeziorze obserwuje się głównie migrację badanych metali z toni wodnej do wody iłowej i osadów dennych. Udział we wzbogacaniu wody przydennej w Pb, Zn i Cu mają zarówno osady denne, jak i opady atmosferyczne. Wiosną i jesienią decydujący wpływ mają opady atmosferyczne, a latem osady denne.

12

Growth rates of common pelagic ciliates in a highly eutrophic lake measured with a modified dilution method

63%

Rychert K.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2016

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tom Vol. 45, No. 2

216--229

PL

The growth rates of ciliates estimated under natural conditions with the widely used size fractionation method are much lower than those observed in cultures. However, recent studies performed with a modified dilution method demonstrated that the size fractionation method underestimates the ciliate growth, because it does not remove predators of the same size as the organisms studied. Thus, it is still unresolved whether ciliates are food-limited in different systems and whether their growth rates are indeed lower than those in cultures. This study was conducted in highly eutrophic Lake Gardno using a modified dilution method. Each time, two dilution experiments were performed (around noon and around midnight). Four small, common ciliates from the genera Rimostrombidium, Tintinnidium, Cyclidium, and Urotricha were studied. The first three ciliates demonstrated very high mean diel growth rates exceeding 0.1 h-1, which corresponded well to the highest values reported in the literature for the ciliate growth in cultures at similar temperatures. Tintinnidium sp. demonstrated a diel growth rhythm. Urotricha sp. was sensitive to the experimental procedure, and measurements of its growth were unsuccessful. Concentrations of food particles were analyzed to check whether organisms studied were food satiated.

13

Ecological analysis of fishing in estuary lakes, Gardno and Wicko, in the years 1952-1991

63%

Orzechowski B.

Baltic Coastal Zone. Journal of Ecology and Protection of the Coastline

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1997

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tom 01

14

The history of coastal lakes studies with a special regard to Lake Gardno

63%

Paturej E.

Baltic Coastal Zone. Journal of Ecology and Protection of the Coastline

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2001

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tom 05

15

Some metals in the organs of fish in Lake Gardno

63%

Trojanowski J. , Trojanowski P. , Jańczak C. , Antonowicz J.

Archiwum Ochrony Środowiska

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2006

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tom Vol. 32, no. 2

55-68

EN

The total concentrations of Cu, Cd, Pb, Mn, Zn and Fc in the tissues (muscles, gills, liver) of fish from Lake Gardno were studied. Iron (5.35-57.38 ug g'1 wet wt.) and zinc (3.98-23.93 ug g"') were present in highest concentrations in all tissues, irrespective of fish species. Cadmium was present in the lowest concentrations (0.002-0.168 ug g"'). Among studied tissues, the liver had the greatest capacity to accumulate metals. Their content in the liver was several to a dozen or sometimes even more times higher than in the muscles. The content of manganese, copper, zinc and lead in the muscles of the studied bream decreased with weight, whereas the content of iron and cadmium increased with weight. The content of copper, iron and cadmium in the gills considerably influenced the level of accumulation of those metals in muscles and liver.

PL

Dominującymi gatunkami ryb w jeziorze Gardno są leszcz, okoń i płoć. W mięśniach, wątrobie i skrzelach tych ryb badano zawartość Cu, Cd, Pb, Mn, Zn i Fc. Badane narządy w największej ilości zawierały żelazo (5,35-57,38 ug g'1 mokrej masy) i cynk (3,98-23,93 ug g'1) niezależnie od gatunku ryby. Najmniejszą zawartością charakteryzował się kadm (0,002-0,168 ug g'). Spośród badanych tkanek wątroba wykazywała największe zdolności kumulacyjne analizowanych metali. Ich zawartość w wątrobie była kilka lub kilkanaście razy większa niż w mięśniach. Koncentracja manganu, miedzi, cynku i ołowiu w mięśniach badanych leszczy zmniejszała się wraz ze wzrostem ich masy. Natomiast odwrotną zależność obserwowano w przypadku żelaza i kadmu. Przyrostowi masy badanych ryb towarzyszył wzrost stężenia tych metali. Stwierdzono, że zawartość miedzi, żelaza i kadmu w skrzelach w sposób istotny wpływała na ich kumulację w mięśniach i wątrobie.

16

Balance and circulation of nutrients in a shallow coastal Lake Gardno [North Poland]

63%

Trojanowski J. , Trojanowska C.

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tom 33

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nr 1

17

Antibiotic resistance among bacteria inhabiting surface and subsurface water layers in estuarine Lake Gardno

63%

Mudryk Z. J.

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nr 4

EN

Antibiotic resistance of heterotrophic bacteria isolated from the surface and subsurface water of estuarine lake Gardno was determined. The levels of resistance of bacteria to various antibiotics differed considerably. Antibiotic resistance between neustonic and planktonic bacteria and microflora inhabiting different parts of lake Gardno was nearly identical. Besides gentamycin, no differences in the antibiotic resistance between pigmented and non-pigmented bacteria were noted. Majorities of bacterial strains were characterised by resistance to 4-6 antibiotics. Bacterial resistance to antibiotics was dependent on chemical structure.

18

Selected biological parameters and the abundance of the spawning population of roach Rutilus rutilus [L.] from Lakes Gardno and Łebsko

63%

Hornatkiewicz-Zbik A. , Ciepielewski W.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Fisheries

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2003

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tom 06

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nr 2

EN

The abundance of the spawning population of roach females from the coastal lakes Gardno (2 468 ha) and Łebsko (7 140 ha) located in the Słowiński National Park was estimated for the 1987-1992 period. Following bream, roach is the second most common cyprinid species in regulated fisheries catches. The size of the spawning population was estimated using Virtual Population Analysis and long-term fisheries statistics. Female roach dominated the exploited population at 62.4% in Lake Gardno and 64.3% in Lake Łebsko. During the analyzed period, more roach females were caught in Lake Gardno, which is more than twice as small as Lake Łebsko. Of the generations analyzed (1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989 and 1990), more abundant years occurred in Lake Gardno. The most abundant generation in the two lakes was that of 1985, and following it, each subsequent generation was weaker than the preceding had been.

19

Density, biomass, and distribution of benthic invertebrates in the mid-lake zone of the coastal Lake Gardno

63%

Dobrowolski Z.

Oceanological Studies

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2001

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tom 30

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nr 1-2

20

Copper, zinc, manganese, lead and cadmium in plants of Gardno Lake

63%

Trojanowski P. , Trojanowski J. , Parzych A.

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tom 31

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nr 4