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MARKOVIČOV BIBLICKÝ OBRAZ ŽENY

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Brtáňová E.

Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)

2019

tom 66

nr 5

330 – 345

The paper is dedicated to the literary historical legacy of the Slavist Rudo Brtáň (1907 – 1998). It is inspired by Brtáň´s research on Slovak-language Low-land literature, in particular the chapter Literature and Culture of Slovak Protestants in Sarvaš (1722 – 1918), which comes from the yet unpublished manuscript titled Slovak-language Low-land Literature until 1918. The paper focuses on the work of Michal Markovič Sr. (1707 – 1762/4), who worked in Sarvaš (present-day Hungary) as a Slovak evangelical priest. The analysis deals with Markovič´s collection of poems called Duchovní zrcadlo ženského pohlaví z Písem svatých představené/The Spiritual Mirror of the Female Sex presented in the Holy Scriptures, printed probably in Bratislava in 1783. The method of the text analysis is supported by the theoretical assumptions of the Czech literary historian Eduard Petrů, who saw the basis for the interpretation of a literary work in revealing the interpretation core. The goal is to identify the author´s intention encoded in the genesis of Markovič´s collection, and to decode the reader´s interpretation of that time. Markovič wrote the collection in order to stimulate moral attitudes of the whole evangelical community, not only the women´s. He composed it with the intention to support the Bible self-study motivating the readers with the inserted biblical coordinates as well as narratives reduced to several poetic lines. The contribution of the analysis can be seen in classifying the genre of the collection as a collection of epigram-like poems. These findings confirm the influence of ancient and renaissance literature on Slovak literary production written in the local vernacular in the mid-18th century.

STEREOTYPY A OBRAZY O INÝCH AKO SÚČASŤ CESTOPISNEJ LITERATÚRY: NA PRÍKLADE CESTOPISOV O ČIERNEJ HORE JOZEFA HOLÚBEKA (1883 – 1956)

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Speváková Šimáková M.

Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)

2018

tom 65

nr 5

379 – 399

The goal of the paper is to identify the stereotypes and images of the others in travelogues written by little-known Slovak Vojvodina writer Jozef Holúbek (1883 – 1956), to help to research the genre as well as to extend the knowledge of his life and work. The concept of stereotype is currently a subject of interdisciplinary research, and therefore producing a unifying definition of it is quite a challenging task. On the one hand, stereotype does not have an exclusively negative meaning and is defined as an important cognitive function. On the other hand, it is explained as bait for generalisations, a predictable way of writing (talking) about the others, in the postcolonial conceptions also as atool of power and supremacy. The research of stereotypes and ideas about other nations also includes travel literature. The paper focuses on analysis of the stereotypes and ideas about the history, culture and tradition of Montenegro in the early 20th century in the travelogues by J. Holúbek titled Cesta na Čiernu Horu/Journey to Montenegro (1902) and Na Čiernej Hore/In Montenegro (1903). The stereotypes and ideas of the others are analysed there with the help of Zoran Konstantinović´s findings saying that the image of the other, different and strange inevitably presents the image of the person searching for the other, different and strange. The other methodological impulses include the genre transition from the margin to the centre of attention of literary scientific research, interdisciplinary propositions of imagology, postcolonial studies and reception of the genre in the Slovak context. Travelogue is seen as a hybrid genre form of fluctuating borders which changes under the influence of dominant elements in individual texts, which also affects the function of the text. J. Holúbek´s travelogues feature this hybrid nature in terms of genre and diversity in terms of style. They interconnect esthetical and exploratory functions of travelogue narration. The writer´s approach to stereotypes, his broad educational, cultural background as well as the writings themselves reveal him anew as a noteworthy figure of Slovak-language Lowland literature.