Since 2002, Germany has been involved in an extensive labour market reform. The reducing long-term unemployment and developing low-skilled labour was one of the main elements of new employment policy. That is why so-called Minijobs which consist of part-time work with reduced social coverage have gradually come to occupy a central place in German low-wage job development strategy. The article presents the historical background of minijobs' expansion in Germany, describes precisely recent reforms and analyses the effectiveness of presented new labour market instruments.
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One prerequisite for the effective functioning of the active labour market policy is a systematic evaluation (monitoring and audit is not enough), which is, in Slovakia, implemented in a very limited way. The problem is not only a lack of knowledge of theoretical approaches (evaluation strategies), but especially the lack of methodological approaches that could be applied to the evaluation of active labour market policy in Slovak conditions. The intention of this paper is the definition of active labour market policy in the context of labour market policy and of its institutional framework. It will be defined with respect to particular theories of the labour market (orthodox, dual and segmentation). The gradual development involving a change in the nature of unemployment has also changed strategies that have been under active labour market policies implemented for the unemployed to enter the labour market. Our intention was to create a theoretical basis for the processing of labour market analysis from the viewpoint of economic sociology. Then we will deal with the ALMP’s instrumental framework and examine particular tools’ effectiveness in reducing long-term unemployment.
The problem of high unemployment and expected further growth repetitively appears among major global trends, along with the deepening of social instability. This leads to increased inequalities and deepening polarization of wealth as one of the top three global risks. The aim of this paper is to present the results of unemployment and wage development in Slovakia for the period 2000 – 2015 (at the national and regional levels). The added value for Slovakia results is a comparison of the relevant indicators between Czech Republic, Slovak Republic and Hungary. The authors further focus on the wage development dependence on the development of unemployment. Analyses in the paper are based on data from Eurostat, OECD, the Statistical Office and the Central Office of Labour, Social Affairs and Family in Slovakia. Findings (using quantile regression): increasing unemployment, wages in the districts of SR did not grow (in the focused period), increases in wages in districts with higher unemployment rates were lower than in districts with a lower unemployment rate, in the least developed districts reduced unemployment led to a minor increase in wages than expected.
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