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1 Slavica Slovaca

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1 Skljarevskaja G. N.

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ЕЩЕ РАЗ О ПОНЯТИИ ОЦЕНКИ КАК ЛИНГВИСТИЧЕСКОЙ КАТЕГОРИИ

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Skljarevskaja G. N.

Slavica Slovaca

2018

tom 53

nr 2

126 – 134

The article introduces the circle of problems associated with linguistic evaluation as a linguistic category: some research postulates and a brief history of the issue are given, it is noted that the set of concepts and terms used in this field of research is not distinguished by unity and orderliness. The category of estimation is included in various areas of modern linguistic research. Categorical evaluation (either good or bad) is based on the age-old, primordial psychological principle of binary structuring of the world picture through contrast and opposition (God / devil, life / death, light / darkness). The evaluation is formed by an almost innumerable number of components, grouped around quality («good / bad») and quantitative («less than normal» / «more than normal») characteristics. The means of explication of evaluation include some word-building models and syntactic constructions, but one of the strongest means is metaphor. The article poses the question of the possibility of estimations that are unified for all of humanity as based on some general knowledge of the world and immutable truths.