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EN
The aim of the article is to be acquainted with issues of the contemporary legends and rumours. Concretely, the work is concentrated on the narrations collected in the urban environment of Žilina. In the first place these ones are tested to comparison with Czech contemporary legends but also with other foreign materials mainly from the USA. The work shows continuity of contemporary legends themes both at older types of motives and parallels with material acquired via internet. It tries to identify latent tidings of concrete narrations and demonstrates respondent´s attitudes to the given theme. The contemporary legends and rumours issue in Žilina was classified on the basis of typological classification of J. H. Brunvand. It was elaborated within the bounds of seven thematic spheres: car legends, frightening legends, animal legends, sex and scandal legends, crimes, business and professional legends, academic legends. The issue was elaborated on the basis of field research which enabled to show at local particularities of contemporary legends and rumours.
EN
Although there are many discrepancies in definitions of contemporary legends as a folklore genre, one characteristic seems beyond dispute: the goal of the plot is to excite the interest of the audience through an uncommon (unbelievable) story which is told as if it were true. The expected impacts of such stories are feelings of shock, amusement or fear. It is interesting that in the same genre two such different emotional impacts are dominant, and furthermore they are very often present as parts of the same narrative situation or even in the same story. The aim of this paper is to describe two theories which attempt to explain the common principles of the poetics of horror and humour. They were developed by authors exploring the field of the philosophy or theory of art, but in the view of this author they could be inspiring and useful also in folklore studies.
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EN
There is no need to prove the significant role played by legends, myths and stereotypes in the history of the world. Also in the Polish lands, we can find many stories connected with the history of the Jews. There is still no comprehensive study on legends concerning Jews in mediaeval Poland, but we already have the book by Haya Bar-Itzhak, a professor of Comparative Hebrew Literature at the Haifa University. An exception here may be the well-known legend about the love affair between King Kazimierz Wielki (Casimir the Great) and the Jewish girl Esther, which has been widely described in many works. Of special importance is the book written by the eminent literary historian and linguist, Chone Shmeruk, entitled 'Legenda o Esterce w literaturze jidysz i polskiej' (The Legend of Esther in Yiddish and Polish Literature).
EN
The novelette of a Slovak writer Gejza Vámos 'Jazdecká legenda' (Legend on Riding) was published in 1932. Both contemporary critics as well as the historians of literature evaluated the book as a non problematic, relaxing intermezzo: from the aspect of editing sequence the author's work 'Jazdecká legenda' was published between two most important works of the author - novels 'Atomy Boha' (The Atoms of God) and 'Odlomená haluz' (Cut out Branch). In the interpretation of the novelette of Vámos , the author of the study observes changes of the genre of legend in the modern Slovak prose. The former hagiographic context of the legend was transformed into a form of irony and parody, influenced also by 'lower' forms of oral tradition. 'Jazdecká legenda' is also a profession like prose, with such a theme as experiencing the institution of army. In this novelette Vámos controversially follows his previous literary works - 'a medical novel' Atomy Boha (1928), and some tendencies of Czecho-Slovak and European literature between two WWs.
EN
The purpose of the present article is to stress persisting importance of folk narratives catalogues and to bring several remarks about typological and structural methods of classification. A special part is devoted to the analysis of the contemporary structural- semantic method of the Lithuanian scholar Bronislava Kerbelyté as well as to an actual development of the Czech catalogues.
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