Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Social Occupation a Chance for People Facing Life Standards below Acceptable Norms?

100%

Szymanowska J.

Polityka Społeczna

|

2008

|

tom 35

|

nr 4(409)

9-12

EN

Less than acceptable life standards have recently become one of the most important and talked about issues facing the average family. Social occupation has recently been regarded as the main remedy for this problem. The article presents an attempt to show the possibilities of carrier and public reintegration for people otherwise excluded from such services provided by the centers of public integration

2

The Danish model of 'flexicurity': An example to be followed?

100%

Lang D.

Problemy Polityki Społecznej. Studia i Dyskusje

|

2005

|

tom 8

47-58

EN

During the last years, there has been a growing interest all over Europe for the Danish 'model' of flexicurity. The Danish combination of flexibility for the employers and security for the employees and the populations would be an example to follow, mainly because of the successes met in the fight against unemployment during the 1990's. This paper takes a close look at the core elements of the Danish case to determine whether these views are relevant. The three elements of the Danish 'golden triangle' are flexible labour market, a generous welfare system, and an active labour marker policy. These elements are analysed, as well as the 1993 labour market reform, which is supposed to have triggered the remarkable decrease of unemployment that took place in Denmark since 1997. The core features of the Danish case are examined to determine whether the Danish model could be exported, in particular in Poland, where mass unemployment is an issue.

3

Social Democracy, the Labour market and the Third Sector: the Swedish Case

100%

Stryjan Y.

Problemy Polityki Społecznej. Studia i Dyskusje

|

2005

|

tom 8

31-46

EN

The Swedish model's high level of consistence that links normative assumptions and institutional practices into an integrated whole, as well as its high aspiration level are probably unique. The article reviews the normative assumptions, and institutional features of the model with a particular focus on the role played by the goal of full employment, and the instruments of Active Labour Market Policy developed in order to achieve it. It is argued that the emphasis originally placed by the model's architects on individual employability and labour mobility, though pivotal for its initial success did, inadvertently contribute to the gradual growth in the ranks of the permanently unemployable in the later decades. Previously, the low degree of coordination between the public actors within the system, and the cleavage between the fields of labour market and welfare largely hindered the emergence of new public solutions, while social economy actors were kept at bay. The ongoing realignment of local government- and public sector institutions and tasks opens new scenarios, in which the diversity and high level of autonomy of public actors may provide the base for the emergence of new partnerships and initiatives in the field.

4

LABOUR MARKET POLICY FROM THE POVIAT PERSPECTIVE (Powiatowa perspektywa polityki rynku pracy)

100%

Krynska E.

Polityka Społeczna

|

2009

|

tom 36

|

nr 11-12(428-429)

27-31

EN

The labour market policy in Poland is carried out by both government and self-government authorities. However, actual responsibility for situation on regional and local labour markets lies on self-government administration. The aim of the paper is to identify main problems in the field of creation and implementation of the active labour market policy (ALMP) from the poviat's perspective. It presents the structure of ALMP expenditures in 2005-2008 and main factors which make the proportions between the instruments of supply-side ALMP and these of the demand-side ALMP disadvantageous. In the conclusions, key actions aimed at changing this proportion were listed. They include the change of the measurements of ALMP's effectiveness and creation of methods and procedures of skills needs' diagnosis on the local labour market.

5

PRINCIPLE OF ACTIVATION IN SOCIAL POLICY AND ITS RELATION TO ALLEVIATION OF POVERTY AND SOCIAL EXCLUSION

88%

Gerbery D.

Sociológia (Sociology)

|

2007

|

tom 39

|

nr 5

383-408

EN

The paper focuses on activation bias of current social policies and its relation to the alleviation of poverty and social exclusion. The activation is viewed as a policy paradigm that changes relationship between the welfare state and the individuals. The author distinguishes between narrow and broader understandings of the activation approach. In the broader sense, the activation aims at raising opportunities to fully-fledged social participation in all domains of society. In the narrow sense, the activation is only related to the labour market participation and decreasing of unemployment. He analyses three forms of activation that are important in order to reduce poverty and social exclusion: workfare strategies embodied in the social assistance systems, changes of the key parameters of tax-benefit systems, and last but not least the active labour market policies. The author pays attention to their potential to activate poor people and their consequences both for the target groups and social policy. The focus is also on the political discourses and assumptions which determine implementation of these programmes. Finally, the paper deals with activation potential of Slovak social policy and suggests some principles how to evaluate it.

6

Wpływ polityki elastycznego bezpieczeństwa na duński rynek pracy

88%

Ignaciuk E.

Optimum. Studia Ekonomiczne

|

2013

|

nr 6(66)

85-97

EN

Among the results of the crisis which took place in Denmark in the early 1990s were a huge excess of labour sup¬ply and increased expenditure on counteracting the effects of rising unemployment. In the face of growing economic problems, the Danish government decided to implement a flexicurity policy. The main elements of the policy included: (1) flexible rules for hiring and dismissing employees, (2) a system of social security in the event of loss of employment, and (3) active labour market policies. The Danish policy of activation of the unemployed is characterised by an individualised approach to job seekers, and the assumption that they have the right and obligation to participate in activation programmes. All persons without a job are eligible for receiving aid under employment stimulation schemes, re¬gardless of whether they are entitled to unemployment benefits. Denmark is the European leader in terms of the share of GDP devoted to labour market programmes. In the years 2002-2011, an average of EUR 7,685.48 million, (3.28% of the country’s GDP) was spent on the implementa¬tion of labour market programmes in Denmark. Greater flexibility in establishing and resolving employment relationships increases the risk of loss of employment, but also allows one to quickly re-enter the labour market. As a result, the labour market policy applied by Denmark has signifi¬cantly reduced the unemployment rate: from 7% in 1995 to 3.4% in 2008. Denmark is among the countries with the lowest rate of long-term unemployment, which in the years 1995-2012 averaged 1.1%. It is also a country with one of the highest employ¬ment rates in Europe for people aged 20-64. In the years 2000-2011, it amounted to an average of 77.8%, which was well above the average employment rate calculated for the EU-27 (68.17%).