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Hajduk-Nijakowska J.

Lud

2011

tom 95

203-223

The author describes a phenomenon present in contemporary culture, namely stories of heroes who survived their death and live somewhere awaiting “the right time to come back” to fight for freedom, faith and justice. The article has been inspired by the words of historian Manuel Rosa that Columbus’ father was Vladislav III, who was not killed in 1444 as thought. Instead, he went into exile to Madeira, married a Portuguese noblewoman, and fathered Columbus. The belief that one can survive one’s death has for centuries been connected with the cult of heroes and continues to be popular today. They often use the old motif of the sleeping knights and are connected with different historical or fictitious figures. Such beliefs have been common because of people’s similar experiences and expectations. The article discusses the presence of King Vladislav III in the Slavic folklore and the process of his mythisation, and describes similar stories existing in the modern history of Morocco (Sultan Mohammed V), Chechnya (Shamil Basayev) and Poland (Lech Kaczyński). The archetype of a mythical hero, who watches over the orphaned nation and, should such need arise, will return, has also been revealed in the mythisation and sacralisation of John Paul II. It appears that the power of mythologisation of heroes has no borders. The belief that a divinised idol lives is shared by the fans of the heroes of popular culture (Elvis Presley, Michael Jackson). Modern myths use well known motifs and stereotypes, which function in other combinations but which, however, are reminiscent of ancient times.