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1 Studia z Filologii Polskiej i Słowiańskiej

1 2005

1 Pianka W.

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The Indo-European and Nostratic Sources for the Reconstruction of the Category of the Person in the Slavic Languages

100%

Pianka W.

Studia z Filologii Polskiej i Słowiańskiej

2005

tom 40

399-420

The purpose of this paper is a reconstruction of the Indo-European pronouns through a developing and completing of the reconstruction done by V. M. Illic-Svityc (Opyt sravneniya nostraticheskikh yazykov, Moscow 1971). The author adopts the existing of the following forms of the Proto-Indo-European pronoun morphems: the 1st pers. sing. - nominal 'me' and verbal: '+m, +mi, +meF/+moF', coll.: nominal 'ne' and verbal: '+me/+mo, +mes/+mos'; the 2nd pers. sing. - nominal 'te' and verbal: '+t, +ti, +teF/+toF', coll.: nominal 'Ge' and verbal: '+te, +tes'; the 3rd pers. sing. and coll. - nominal: 'se' (rationalia) and 'te' (irrationalia), verbal: sing. '+s, +si, +seF /+soF', coll. '-o-nt' - a participle form (similar to that in Finnish languges) and presents his ideas in detail. (1) In any part of the Nostratic languages (including any part of the Indo-European languages) the opposition 'se : te' was neutralized, and the results of that are analyzed. (2) In the time, when the pronoun 't-' in the Indo-European functioned as the pronoun for the 3rd person sing. and pl. (rationalia + irrationalia), the verbal endings for the 3rd person sing. with '+s-', according to the parallelism of the verbal morphems to the nominal morphems, where replaced with the endings with '+t' (a influence of the morphem of the 3rd person pl. on the form for sing. is possible). This primitive state ist preserved in the Tocharian, Hittite and Phrygian languages. (3) The old endigs of the 3rd pers. sing. with '+s' were introduced into the 2nd pers. sing., the syncretism to avoid. This is known, that the both endings are found in the form of the 2nd person sing. (Germ. 1. bin, 2. bist, 3. ist).