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2 Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)

2 2018

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IDYLA A LIMITY REALIZMU (ŽÁNER AKO MENTÁLNE MÉDIUM)

100%

Mikulová M.

nr 2

130 — 142

The idealistic and idyllic perception of reality in Slovak literature of the second half of the 19th century was seen as a legitimate part of the production of the old generation writers. The falsified image of reality was challenged by the production of the younger authors (Timrava, Tajovský, Jesenský). It their case it was enough to describe undistorted reality to seem polemic, i.e. anti-idyllic in contrast to the old generation of the writers. However, there was a writer who found himself split between the desire for a harmonious world and critical perception of reality – Martin Kukučín. Encouraged by the discussions in the Prague society Detvan he managed to benefit from the stimuli of European literature finding the basis for his philosophical reflections in the fundamental premises – the question of life and death, conscience, egoism, tradition, spiritual harmony and money. On the island Brač in 1896 he began to write a long work of fiction inspired by observations of a local patrician family (the fragments were titled by the Complete Works editors Rodina/Family and Zádruha/Community) with the intention to describe a family idyll, harmony and togetherness. He was very disappointed to discover that the only thing that kept the aging childless siblings together was the wealth, which in line with the family tradition of not dividing the property had no actual heir. Kukučín was disgusted by the realistic depiction of the archaic traditions so much that the text, which he failed to write in an appropriate artistic form for that reason, remained in manuscript. Having had this experience as well as been disappointed by the time spent in Slovakia he wrote in 1896 a short story titled Svadba/Wedding. He did it in a vivid and emotional form of eclogue, and he used its lyric nature to a great extent as his emotional prophylaxis. The protagonist ́s painful polarity between love for the parents and that for a woman suggests an analogy with the writer ́s feelings when he realized he never wanted to come back to his homeland again.

SLOVANSKÉ NEBO – IDYLA V HURBANOVOM DIELE SLOVENSKO A JEHO ŽIVOT LITERÁRNY

86%

Bilińska I.

tom 65

nr 1

1 - 14

The paper focuses on tracking the idyllic topoi in historiosophical work by Jozef Miloslav Hurban Slovensko a jeho život literárny /Slovakia and its Literary Life/, in which Slovak literary science emphasized the idea of continuity of the development of Slovak culture and literature. The deconstruction of the idyllic topoi shows that it is the idyll that is the important part of the ideological construction of Hurban´s work. The idyllic topoi in connection with mystification of the past enabled him to create the idea of continuity between the present times and the Great Moravian cultural legacy. The idyllic codes can be found in Hurban´s depiction of the Slovak territory, Slovak nation, and its cultural evolution. The ethic and aesthetic values of the idyll became the base of Slovaks´ created collective identity. The idyllic language is part of the Romantic national myths, especially the myth of folksiness, the Great Moravian myth and the myth of the thousand-year-old yoke. Hurban´s idea of continuity of national culture, the connection between the „cradle of Slavs“ and the writer´s present times, and especially the utopia of Slavic future in the form of „Slavic heaven“ is based on idyllic topoi and Slovak Romantic myths.