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EN
The present study aimed to identify and characterize the hydroid fauna in the Gulf of Antalya, Türkiye. This paper reports 35 taxa belonging to 17 families identified in the region. Among the identified species, Clytia brevithecata, Clytia noliformis, Turritopsis nutricula, Scandia gigas and Acauloides ammisatum were recorded for the first time on Turkish coasts. Nineteen taxa – Amphinema rugosum, Coryne eximia, Clytia gracilis, Monotheca obliqua, Eudendrium merulum, Halecium tenellum, Orthopyxis integra, Hydractinia aculeata, Laomedea flexuosa, Laomedea angulata, Dicoryne conferta, Clytia linearis, Eudendrium simplex, Eudendrium capillare, Aglaophenia picardi, Halopteris diaphana, Salacia desmoides, Sertularella ellisii and Hydrodendron mirabile – are new to the Mediterranean coast of Türkiye. With the publication of this paper, the number of hydroid species documented along the Turkish coasts has increased to 132, highlighting the importance of these findings. The discovery of new species and the expansion of their range underscores the need for continued research covering different depths to better understand the ecological importance of these organisms and the biodiversity of the marine environment.
EN
The fossil record of polypoid cnidarians includes a number of taxa that were incorrectly identified as either tubiculous worms or plants. The holotype of the putative alga Euzebiola clarkei (Ponta Grossa Formation, Lower Devonian, Brazil), originally described under the name Serpulites sica, is re-described and re-figured as a species of Sphenothallus, a medusozoan cnidarian. Unlike Sphenothallus from other localities, the black, organic-walled Ponta Grossa specimen consists of a single parent tube that is confluent with the apical ends of at least 18 daughter tubes. The pattern of arrangement of the daughter tubes, which are arrayed in single file along the exposed face and the two thickened margins of the parent tube, partly resembles the whorl-like pattern of arrangement of colonial polyps of certain scyphozoan cnidarians. For these reasons, the Ponta Grossa Formation material figures prominently in the argument that Sphenothallus was a medusozoan cnidarian capable (in at least one species) of clonal budding.
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