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The Holocaust/Shoah as a Tabooed Component in Czech Society´s Memory after World War II?

100%

Soukupová B.

nr 1

13 - 21

The text analyses the thematization of a key phenomenon of 20th century history and the axis of post-war Jewish identity − the Holocaust/Shoah in the Czech lands with overlaps to Central Europe. In contrast to propositions of the well-known political scientist Pavel Barša (the Holocaust became the cornerstone of Jewish identity only at the turn of the 1960s and 1970s, when the State of Israel argued for it within its policy in regards to the occupied Arab territories and the moral category of innocent victim became crucial for Western mind-set), it tries to prove that the Holocaust, for which the Hebrew term Shoah is used in this case, became the pillar of Jewish identity already after the end of World War II. It was also at that time that the growing communist propaganda, which completely dominated the public space after the February coup (1948), began to use it for its own interests. In parallel, the treatise denies that the thematization of the Shoah/Holocaust was dominated by Jews as victims; in the post-war decades both minority Jewish and majority Czech representations worked with two categories: victims of racism and fighters against fascism, even though the communist representation (including the Jewish communists) from the beginning marginalized the Jewish resistance on the Western fronts and also the theme of the uniqueness of the Holocaust phenomenon.

Čtyřikrát o holokaustu

84%

Holý J. , Sladovníková Š.

Slovo a smysl - Word & Sense

2015

tom 12

nr 23

66-79

The article focuses on several recent Czech books and movies on the topic of the Holocaust, or Shoah. Some of these works are original and inventive (Jáchym Topol’s prose book Chladnou zemí from 2009) or at least worthy of interest (Mark Najbrt’s film Protektor from 2009), some are conventional and exploit well-established narrative procedures and patterns (Radka Denemarková’s prose book Peníze od Hitlera from 2006, Milan Cieslar’s film Colette from 2013, after Arnošt Lustig’s book). Today, the Holocaust is perceived as a global icon, representing inhumanity and referring to universal moral norms. However, at the same time one can clearly observe a tendency to trivialization in the way the topic is presented — more and more often containing intimity, brutality, sexuality. Some artists, to oppose the trend, look for ways of giving the Shoah in the way it‘s presented a new actuality, for instance by employing the grotesque as well as black humour, or by combining terror with vulgarity and banality (besides Topol also Arnošt Goldflam and Radek Malý).