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The Socio-Linguistic Paradox of Goa

100%

Thomaz L. F. F. R.

tom 5

nr 3

15-38

This article sets out to explore the socio-linguistic situation of Goa, a small territory corresponding to the former district of Goa of the Portuguese Estado da Índia, occupied and annexed by India in 1961. Goa had to choose between local language, Konkani, and the language of the neighbouring state of Maharashtra, i. e., Marathi, which was traditionally used as a cultural language by the Hindus of Goa, who nowadays form the large majority of the population. Even if virtually every Goan is able to speak Konkani, this was, according to recent statistics, the mother tongue of only 61 % of the population of the state, the rest being forms by people from other parts of India, who migrated here. This phenomenon explains the feeble proportion of Konkani speakers in the total population of the state, which favours the resort to English as a means of communication and explains why Konkani only keeps an elevated status in churches, where it is currently used for praying and preaching. Drawing upon historical facts, but also on socio-linguistic consideration, we will try to explain this paradox.

Interests before Ideas. Does Hindu Nationalism influence India’s Foreign Policy ?

86%

Iwanek K.

2018

nr 31

97-113

This article seeks to determine whether the ideology of Hindu nationalism has influenced the course of Republic of India’s foreign policy since 2014 (when Hindu nationalists took over power). The conclusion is that while Hindu nationalism might have been and probably was important in certain regards, the broad direction of the policy generally remained the same as during the previous governments. Despite the anti-Muslim stance of Hindu nationalists, India has not changed its stance towards certain Arabic Muslim countries, while building warmer ties with Israel. New Delhi has also not employed any new tactics or solutions – whether bold or conciliatory – towards Islamabad. India’s China policy has not become more aggressive while the ‘Act East Policy’ that focuses on ties in East and Southeast Asia did not employ more references to common heritage than previously. New Delhi also tried to retain it similar cooperation with Russia and the US, though the one with Washington is visible growing (as ideological overtones are not visible in Indian policy on Russia, US and China, sections on relations with these powers were not included in the final version of this article). These conclusions lead the author to believe that India’s foreign policy will largely remain the same even if the Hindu nationalists retain power after the 2019 elections.

The Relics of the Buddha and the Elixir of Immortality – Mythological Parallels

72%

Karp A.

nr 1