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EN
Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), a member of the family Herpesviridae, is widely spread in the human population and has the ability to establish lifelong latent infection. In immunocompetent individuals the virus reactivation is usually harmless and unnoticeable. In immunocompromised patients productive infection or type III latency may lead to EBV-associated post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD). The aim of our research was to investigate the utility of PCR-based methods in the diagnosis and monitoring of EBV infections in bone marrow transplant recipients. Thirty-eight peripheral blood leukocyte samples obtained from 16 patients were analysed, in which EBV DNA was confirmed by PCR. We used semi-quantitative PCR to estimate the viral load and reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR) to differentiate between latent and productive EBV infection. In 14 patients we confirmed productive viral infection. We observed a correlation between higher number of EBV genome copies and the presence of transcripts specific for type III latency as well as clinical symptoms.
PL
Do diagnostyki zakażeń wirusem cytomegalii wykorzystywanych jest wiele metod laboratoryjnych o różnej wartości diagnostycznej. Jednak stwierdzenie w badanym materiale obecności zdolnego do replikacji wirusa stanowi niepodważalny dowód aktywnego zakażenia.
EN
The paper presents description of „shell vial" method and results obtained in the study of 331 materials derived from 3 different groups of patients. Problems of referring materials to laboratory, choice of type of material and method of staining are discussed. Also advantages (detection of virus capable of replication) and disadvantages (low sensitivity, toxicity of materials for detector cells) are discussed.
6
Content available remote Fold recognition insights into function of herpes ICP4 protein
75%
EN
ICP4 is an important factor regulating the life cycle of HSV1. This conserved protein has several molecular functions, including activation of expression of viral late gene transcripts and inhibition of immediate early genes. Although ICP4 and its Alphaherpesvirinae homologs (eg.: IE62 of VZV) have been subjects of various molecular studies, a complete view of their molecular function is lacking. Here we present the results of fold recognition and molecular modelling of ICP4 functional domains. The performed state-of-the-art bioinformatic fold recognition analysis identified a dual helix-turn-helix motif as a binding module of repressor activities (so called region 2 domain). The mapping of distant homology identified that a segment responsible for activation of late gene promoters (region 4) exhibits folding of uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG), but seems to be a non-functional homolog of UDG. Potential implications of the results are discussed.
EN
In previous experiments, we have demonstrated that the presence of equine herpesvirus 2 (EHV-2) enhanced plaque formation in cell cultures infected with equine herpesvirus type 1. To determine whether a specific region of the EHV-2 genome is responsible for this effect, we have constructed a library of Bam HI fragments of the EHV-2 genome ligated into pcDNA plasmid. Equine dermal (ED) cell cultures were subsequently transfected with the constructs, passaged 5 times, tested for the presence of the plasmids and infected with EHV-1 at MOI=0.01. Only in cultures transfected with the pcDNA/Bam HI[G]construct, designated Δ2/4, the mean number of plaques at 24 hrs p.i. was approximately 10 times higher than in non-transfected controls. Virus titers in culture supernatants as well as in freeze-thawed cells were 4- and 5-fold higher, respectively, than in non-transfected cultures. These differences were observed only at 24 hrs p.i. At 48 hrs p.i. cultures were completely destroyed and, surprisingly, the virus titer was slightly lower in the supernatant of transfected cells. However, the titer of EHV-1 in freeze-thawed culture was exactly the same as in the control. These results suggest that the presence of Bam HI[G] fragment of the EHV-2 genome stimulates (accelerates?) plaque formation only at earlier stages of infection but does not influence the total yield of EHV-1 at 48 hrs p.i. The exact mechanism of this stimulation remains unclear and further experiments are necessary to determine the role of putative EHV-2 proteins encoded by Bam HI [G] fragment of the EHV-genome.
EN
During the herpesvirus replication cycle, viral transcription, DNA replication, formation of capsids and DNA packaging occur in the nucleus. The subsequent nuclear egress of newly synthesized nucleocapsids is performed by budding of the inner leaflet of the nuclear membrane, which creates the primary envelope. Although products of two genes conserved throughout the Herpesviridae family (HSV-1 UL34 and UL31) have previously been shown to be involved in the execution of this process, the molecular basis of their activity is not clear. Here we present results of protein structure prediction for the conserved domain of UL34. The applied methodology suggests that this protein adopts a pleckstrin homology (PH) fold to perform its function. A detailed inspection of the ligand binding site strongly supports the hypothesis that UL34 orthologs can recognize phosphoinositides. Since previous works suggest that alterations of UL34 gene product result in a drastic impairment of primary envelopment of HSV-1 and trapping of capsids in the nucleus, the presented data may lead to the development of novel anti-herpetic therapeutic strategies where analogs of phosphoinositides are administered.
PL
Zakażenie wirusem cZakażenie wirusem cytomegalii stanowi poważny problem szczególnie u osób z immunosupresją. Wobec możliwości podjęcia skutecznego działania terapeutycznego ważna staje się rola szybkiej i dokładnej diagnostyki laboratoryjnej.ytomegalii stanowi poważny problem szczególnie u osób z immunosupresją. Wobec możliwości podjęcia skutecznego działania terapeutycznego ważna staje się rola szybkiej i dokładnej diagnostyki laboratoryjnej.
EN
The purpose of this paper was to estimate the best method of CMV diagnosis in leukemic patients. Materials from 9 patients (serum, heparinized blood and urine) were investigated by serological methods (ELISA and Western blot), for the presence of specific antigens and virus capable of replication, and also by genetic methods (hybridization and PCR). It seems, that the best method for CMV diagnosis in leukemic patients is hybridization performed in quantitation variant, and that DNA CMV level of approximately 20 pg/ml of blood was not linked to symptomatic infection.
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2010
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tom 54
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nr 4
EN
The purpose of the study was to determine subtypes of BHV1 strains isolated from cattle in Poland. In total five different strains of BHV1 were isolated during the last years. All isolates as well as four archival and two reference BHV1 strains were analysed by PCR and restriction enzyme analysis. Specificity of the strains was confirmed by PCR with primers complementary to the nucleotide sequence of gD gene. Subsequently, genomic DNA of the tested strains was digested with endonucleases Hind III and Hpa I. Restriction enzyme analysis revealed that all recently isolated BHV1 strains belonged to the BHV1.1 subtype. Among archival viruses, two strains had restriction pattern similar to the subtype BHV1.1 and two others to the subtype BHV1.2a. The presented study showed that currently subtype BHV1.1 is dominant in cattle population in Poland.
EN
ICP4 is an important factor regulating the life cycle of HSV1. This conserved protein has several molecular functions, including activation of expression of viral late gene transcripts and inhibition of immediate early genes. Although ICP4 and its Alphaherpesvirinae homologs (eg.: IE62 of VZV) have been subjects of various molecular studies, a complete view of their molecular function is lacking. Here we present the results of fold recognition and molecular modelling of ICP4 functional domains. The performed state-of-the-art bioinformatic fold recognition analysis identified a dual helix-turn-helix motif as a binding module of repressor activities (so called region 2 domain). The mapping of distant homology identified that a segment responsible for activation of late gene promoters (region 4) exhibits folding of uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG), but seems to be a non-functional homolog of UDG. Potential implications of the results are discussed.
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