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REMESELNÁ VÝROBA AKO KULTÚRNOIDENTIFIKAČNÝ PRVOK LOKÁLNEHO SPOLOČENSTVA A JEJ SPROSTREDKOVANIE V SÚČASNÝCH PODMIENKACH

100%

Krišková Z.

tom 18

nr 1-2

108 – 121

The intention of author ś thesis is to monitor musealization possibilities of blueprint handicraft through the reconstruction of manufactory on the basis of deep blueprint tradition in the monitored locality (and also in Spiš) and on the basis of existing objects from the manufactory (Hranovnica ś ownership today) – well-preserved blueprint mangle as a unique technical monument and other production-technological mobiliari in the regional museum ś ownership. Simultaneously, the dual alternative of revitalization (in the sense of the traditional handicraft production renovation) is marginally monitored.

O potrzebie znawstwa ciesielskiego rzemiosła w badaniu zabytkowych budowli murowanych

100%

Jankowski A.

nr 2

149-166

Traces of outstanding carpentry skills in historic buildings have been of marginal interest for art historians. But in fact wooden elements are often important parts of brick structures and influence their artistic value. The roof, with the wooden structure that shapes it, creates the architectonic form of the building. Various kinds of roof framing determine the quality of architectural space and the aesthetics of the interiors. Roof framing reveals a lot about the architectural transformations of the building, whose proper interpretation crucially depends on the dating and historical stratification of the elements of the construction. A highly useful method in this respect is dendrochronology, which can determine the age of wooden elements even within an accuracy of one year. The conclusions from dendrochronological dating, however, have to take into consideration the whole construction of the building. This, in turn, requires a good knowledge of old carpentry and of the history of architecture. The knowledge of the working methods, carpentry solutions and tools, as well as of old building rules helps to establish whether the structure under scrutiny is the original or a re-worked roof framing. The original framing can date the whole building, a re-worked framing is a crucial clue in its chronology. A reconstruction of the history of an old building can also be facilitated by the analysis of the way the tie-beam is set, the relationship between the outermost trusses and the brick gables and the traces of treatment on the wooden elements of the structure. Valuable data can be obtained from carpentry joints, assembly marks, trade marks and floating marks on wood. Carpentry joints in old buildings were usually made without nails. Nails were sometimes used in joining elements of secondary importance, which could not be accurately measured and shaped before the trial assembly of the framing. Joints that are not typical of the given construction, the presence of nails and other metal elements call for an explanation. All the disruptions in the numbering marks indicate that the framing must have been disassembled or supplemented. Trade marks and floating marks help in verifying dendrochronological dating. A thorough analysis of the wooden structures in monumental buildings is indispensable in the history of art. It guarantees the factual completeness of research that conditions its progress.

EKOLOGICKO-KULTÚRNE ASPEKTY TRADIČNEJ VÝROBY A IDENTITA

75%

Krišková Z.

tom 20

nr 1-2

155 – 164

The aim of this paper is to highlight the ecological basis of traditional culture and handicraft production, based on the relationship man environment. The natural environment as a source of raw materials for the production of the material belongs to the basic determinant of the way of life. In the theoretical part we start from the ecologically based scientific theories. The empirical part emphasize applied plane of the handicraft production in the culture creating connections. In this context it can be considered as one of the elements of the social cultural identification. In this paper the current revitalization process of the traditional manufacturing forms is based on relationship changes of the man to the nature. Revitalization of the traditional manufacturing elements itself is considered by societies as one of the significant forms of cultural identification in contemporary multi-ethnical and multicultural society.