Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Total gaseous mercury over the coastal zone of the Gulf of Gdańsk

100%

Bełdowska M. , Falkowska L. , Marks R.

|

tom Vol. 32, No. 3

3-18

EN

Measurements of total gaseous mercury (TGM) were carried out in the Polish coastal zone of the Gulf of Gdańsk from Hel, situated at the end the tip of the Hel Peninsula, to Piaski in the Vistula Pit. The results were recorded in the atmosphere 150 cm above the ground using an automatic analyzer Gardis 1A in March, April and May 1999. The mercury concentration over the coastal zone of the Gulf of Gdańsk did not exceed maximum permissible levels and were at levels similar to those in other maritime regions of the Baltic Sea and the North Sea. The average concentration of mercury was 3.4 ng m-3. Increased TGM concentrations of approximately 8.2 ng m-3 occurred locally near the sewage treatment facility in Sztutowo, on the tip of the Hel Peninsula and in the Tri-Cities near the industrial areas of shipyards and the harbor. No increased concentrations of gaseous mercury were registered in the vicinity of the heat and power plant or the refinery as chimneys release fumes at high altitudes. What is more, the mercury concentrations recorded in the forests of the Vistula Lagoon and the Hel Pit were nine times lower than the average concentration. Laboratory experiments carried out on samples of sea water from three coastal measurement stations proved that mixing in the sea surf zone influences the emission of mercury from the water into the atmosphere. The emission of gaseous mercury from the surface waters of the Gulf of Gdańsk was higher in March when the life processes in the water were still slow and bioaccumulation was very limited.

2

Micro-scale magnetic grains from shallow water sediments of the Gulf of Gdańsk

80%

Uścinowicz G.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

|

2009

|

tom Vol. 38, No.4

21-30

EN

Three cores recovered from the Gulf of Gdańsk in 2006 contain magnetic spherules of different origins. According to their chemical compositions and morphological features the magnetic grains were divided into two groups: (1) anthropogenic spherules primarily composed of SiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O3; (2) Fe-oxide spherules of extraterrestrial origin. These two groups are present in the surface sediments, indicating they are products of both man-made pollution and an influx of extraterrestrial matter. The presence of anthropogenic dust in the marine sediments is a record of pollution from nearby industrialized areas. On the basis of the presence of these spherules a tool could be developed for studying sedimentation rates in the marine sediments. However more precise studies are required to develop this method.

3

The state of environment of the Gulf of Gdańsk coast-al zone in autumn 1994 and summer 1995

80%

Kruk-Dowgiałło L. , Dubrawski R.

Oceanological Studies

|

1998

|

tom Vol. 27, No. 4

137-159

EN

Results of monitoring carried out in the coastal zone between Kuznica and Górki Wschodnie (down to 20 m depth) in autumn 1994 and summer 1995 are presented. These investigations were a continuation of measurements taken in the areas of Hel and Krynica Morska in summer 1992 (down to the 60 m depth). The state and directions of seasonal and multi-annual changes of chemical, micro-biological and biological properties of the water and sediment environment of the Gulf's coastal zone are discussed. The results of presented investigations and of experimental research carried out in the Gulf of Gdańsk environment were the basis for the development of a system for protection and regeneration of the biocenosis of the Gulf.

4

Phytobenthos as an indicator of the state of environment of the Gulf of Gdańsk

80%

Kruk-Dowgiałło L.

Oceanological Studies

|

1998

|

tom Vol. 27, No. 4

105-121

EN

Results of investigations carried out in June 1995 at the same stations as in June 1992 are presented. Only small differences in species composition, biomass and the range of phytobenthos occurrence were observed. Obtained results confirmed that the trends of phytobenthos changes in the Gulf of Gdańsk are similar to those in inner Puck Bay, i.e. the existing predomination of brown algae of the Ecto-carpus and Pilayella genera and a decrease of the area of underwater meadows. However, in spite of these changes there still exist natural phytobenthos stands in the Gulf. Therefore, active protection measures will create potential possibilities of reviving the phytocenoses of the Gulf of Gdańsk.

5

Area and scope of autumn 1994 and summer 1995 investigations

80%

Kruk-Dowgiałło L.

Oceanological Studies

|

1998

|

tom Vol. 27, No. 4

5-9

EN

This article presents results of complex investigations conducted in the autumn 1994 and summer 1995 by the Water Ecology Laboratory of the Institute of Environmental Protection, Branch of Gdansk. The research was a continuation of studies commenced in summer 1992, within the framework project 'Development of a system of protection and restoration of the Gulf of Gdansk biocenosis' (Kruk-Dowgiallo and Ciszewski 1995; Kruk-Dowgiall?o and Dubrawski 1998). The project was financed from the statutory funds of the Institute of Environmental Protection (IEP). The estimation of industrial fish contamination extent was done on the basis of 1992-1994 studies, supervised by Dr Urszula Potajallo within a Project Research required by SRC (Scientific Research Committee) which was realized in the Institute of Marine and Tropical Medicine in Gdynia (Potajallo et al. 1995). The state of coastal sediments state estimation was provided on the basis of seasonal studies carried out in 1995-1996 within a MS thesis experiments performed in (IEP) by Aleksandra Kula, supervised by Dr Rajmund Dubrawski.

6

Plankton larvae of invertebrates as an indicator of potential capacity for regeneration of bottom filtrator communities in the Gulf of Gdańsk

80%

Wolska-Pyś M.

Oceanological Studies

|

1998

|

tom Vol. 27, No. 4

93-103

EN

In autumn 1994 and summer 1995, the occurrence of larvae of bottom invertebrates was investigated in the coastal waters of the Gulf of Gdańsk. The determined abundance of larval stages of molluscs and barnacles suggested that in spite of pollution of the environment the biofiltrator communities in the Gulf have a great potential for regeneration and development. Several areas with potentially best conditions for growth, characterised by highest quantities of the larvae, and especially by a high percentage of large larvae just before their transformation into settled forms, were selected. Biotechnical measures to increase the rates of growth and to facilitate processes of self-purification in the water body are proposed.

7

Macrozoobenthos distribution in the coastal zone of the Gulf of Gdańsk - autumn 1994 and summer 1995

80%

Osowiecki A.

Oceanological Studies

|

1998

|

tom Vol. 27, No. 4

123-136

EN

The macrozoobenthos investigation carried out in autumn 1994 and summer 1995 along with a review of literature data enabled the author to specify the condition and changes in the bottom macrofauna communities in the Gulf of Gdansk. No substantial changes have been found over the last 30 years. In the 90s, in 1995 in particular, a difficult to interpret increase in abundance and biomass of macrozoobenthos occurred.

8

Bacterial microflora in the near-shore zone of the Gulf of Gdańsk 1994-1995)

80%

Czerwińska E. , Dubrawski R.

Oceanological Studies

|

1998

|

tom Vol. 27, No. 4

49-58

EN

In autumn 1994 and summer 1995, the microbiological investigations of the water and bottom sediments were carried out in the near-shore zone of the Gulf of Gdańsk. Seasonal and spatial variations of the total number of bacteria and of coli bacteria of faecal type were determined. As a result, the areas subjected to strong impact of sewage-related bacterial flora were distinguished. It was found that the investigated zone was contaminated by microorganisms of anthropogenic origin.

9

Occurrence of blue-green algae in the phytoplankton of the Gulf of Gdansk in the years 1994-1997

80%

Witek B. , Pliński M.

Oceanological Studies

|

1998

|

tom Vol. 27, No. 3

77-82

EN

The development of the blue-green algae in the Gulf of Gdansk begins in May and lasts till October. To the stable compo-nents of the filamentous forms belong Aphanizomenon-flos aquae, Nodularia spumigena, Planktolynbya limnetica, Pseudanabaena limnetica and Planktothrix sp. The coccoid forms are represented by Snowella septentrionalis, S. lacustris, Merismopedia punctata, M. tenuissima, Woronichinia compacta, Rabdogloea linearis, Cyanodictyon imper,fectum, C.planctonicum. In the years 1992 and 1993 the openwater area of the Gulf of Gdansk was characterised by the summer (July) domination of two species of blue-green algae: Microcystis aeruginosa and Aphanizomenon flos-aquae. The presence of Nodularia spumigena was also noticed. In 1994, the extremely dense bloom of Nodularia spumigena occurred with the biomass increase to 130 mgŠCŠ m^3. The intensity of this bloom could be linked to temperature which in summer 1994 was very high and reached over 22?C. In the years 1996 and 1997, temperature did not attained so high values and the intensity of blooms was lower.

10

Blue-green algae blooms in the Gulf of Gdańsk and surrounding area

80%

Pliński M. , Musiał A. , Ostrowski B.

Oceanological Studies

|

1998

|

tom Vol. 27, No. 1

39-44

EN

The phenomenon of blue-green algae blooms in the Baltic and the surrounding freshwater bodies has been known since several years. Recently these blooms have increased. The negative effects of this phenomenon concern not only environ-ment but also pose epidemiological threats because some blue-green algae produce toxins. The presence of potential toxic blue-green algae species in the Gulf of Gdaąsk as well in the whole southern Baltic has been noticed for almost hundred years. In the recent years, when water temperature reached more than 18?C, the rapid growth of Nodularia spumigena has been observed. In the year 1994, the huge bloom with toxic features of this species has been noticed. With less intensity such a bloom appeared also in 1996. Since several years Anabaena flos-aquae blooms in the Vistula Lagoon and Microcystis flos-aquae in many lakes in the Kashubian Lakeland.

11

The composition, abundance and distribution of dinoflagellates in the Gulf of Gdańsk in the years 1992-1994

80%

Pliński M. , Dobron K.

Oceanological Studies

|

1999

|

tom Vol. 28, No. 1-2

41-49

EN

The quantitative and qualitative analysis of dinoflagellates from samples taken in the years from 1992 to 1994 in the Gulf of Gdansk has been done. The following species was identified: Hetero-capsa triquetra, Dinophysis norvegica, D. acuminata, Peridinium balticum, P. aciculiferum, P. pellucidum, P. curvipes, P. brevipes, Peridiniella catenata, Gonyaulax triacanta, Prorocentrum micans. The highest quantity of dinoflagellates was observed in May 1994.

12

Chlorophyll a content in the surface layer of the Gulf of Gdańsk in the AVHRR images

80%

Krężel A. , Latała A.

Oceanological Studies

|

1999

|

tom Vol. 28, No. 3-4

3-15

EN

The satellite data in red and near infrared light (1st and 2nd channels of AVHRR) were processed and compared with chlorophyll a concentration in the surface layer of the Gulf of Gdansk. Taking into account Stumpf and Tyler (1988) proposal, quantitative relation between this concentration and the value of Cij=R2/R1 (where R2 and R1 denotes reflectance coefficients in AVHRR's channel 1 and 2 respectively) has been calculated.

13

The use of sequential satellite images for the calculating surface velocity vectors in the waters of the Gulf of Gdańsk

80%

Żarki I. , Krężel A.

Oceanological Studies

|

1999

|

tom Vol. 28, No. 3-4

35-44

EN

The Maximum Cross Correlation method (MCC) modified with divergence checking was used to calculate the surface velocity field in the Gulf of Gdansk. The brightness temperature in channel 4 of the AVHRR taken 10 times between 6 and 9 August 1996 served as input data. The surface velocity vector distribution obtained with the use of MCC are compared with the results of a 3D hydrodynamic model and field observation of a drifting rhodamine spill during the POLRODEX?96 experiment.

14

Macrozoobenthos of the sandy littoral zone in the military area between Hel and Jurata

80%

Kotwicki L. , Włodarska-Kowalczuk M. , Wieczorek P.

Oceanological Studies

|

1999

|

tom Vol. 28, No. 3-4

97-107

EN

The aim of the study was to determine the distribution, composition and seasonal variability of macrozoobenthos in the sandy littoral zone of the military area between Hel and Jurata. The results of qualitative and quantitative investigations of the benthic fauna are presented. The material was collected monthly from November 1991 till November 1992 at 10 stations situated in the sandy littoral zone (0.5-1 m depth) on the Puck Bay shore of the Hel Peninsula. A total of 17 macrofaunal taxa were identified. At each station 2 or 3 subsamples were collected with a 225 cm2 Petersen grab. The average abundance and wet weight of particular taxa were calculated. Bathyporeia pilosa, Hediste diversicolor and Oligochaeta were most frequent taxa in the study area. Polychaeta and Bivalvia constituted up to 93% of the bottom fauna biomass, Hediste diversicolor was the dominant species.

15

Short-term and seasonal variability of mesozooplankton at two coastal stations (Gdynia, Sopot) in the shallow water zone of the Gulf of Gdańsk

80%

Józefczuk A. , Guzera E. , Bielecka L.

Oceanologia

|

2003

|

tom No. 45 (2)

317-336

EN

The idea of the study was to describe short-term and seasonal variations in the composition and abundance of zooplankton in the coastal area of the Gulf of Gdansk at two shore stations and the influence of selected environmental factors (temperature, salinity, wind velocity) on it. The studies were based on material collected in the shallow waters of the Gulf of Gdansk from stations located by the Marine Promenade (Bulwar Nadmorski) in Gdynia and the pier in Sopot. Samples were collected in 2001 mainly at weekly intervals using an open-type plankton net. Environmental parameters were measured at the same time. The zooplankton at the Gdynia and Sopot stations consisted of 30 taxa; Rotatoria, Copepoda and meroplankton were dominants. There was a much higher percentage of Rotatoria and a lower percentage of meroplankton at Sopot than at Gdynia. Considerable differences were apparent in the numbers of particular groups of zooplankton at these stations in the same periods. Simpson's biodiversity index, here based on the zooplankton of the shallow waters off Gdynia and Sopot, was relatively high most of the time. Diversity of mesozooplankton was greatest in July and October. There was a significant correlation between the abundance of mesozooplankton and environmental factors in the case of cladoceran and polychaete larvae. Frequent studies at stations located close to each other illustrate the highly dynamic range of variations occurring in the coastal area: the concentrations of particular organisms fluctuated very considerably from one week to another, even by a factor of several dozen. Nevertheless, the statistically mean numbers of zooplankton at both stations are comparable.

16

Variability in the saline water exchange between the Baltic and the Gulf of Gdansk by the sigma-coordinate model

80%

Jankowski A.

Oceanologia

|

2003

|

tom No. 45 (1)

81-105

EN

A three-dimensional baroclinic sigma-coordinate model was applied to study the circulation and thermohaline variability in the coastal zone in the south-eastern Baltic Sea. The model is based on the Princeton Ocean Model code of Blumberg & Mellor (1987), known as POM, and has the horizontal resolution of ~5 km and 24 sigma-levels in the vertical. The hydrodynamic conditions and variability of water and salt exchange between the Gulf of Gdansk and the Baltic Proper, and the renewal of water masses in the Gulf of Gdansk due to atmospheric forcing are analyzed. The numerical simulations were performed with real atmospheric forcings as well as with homogeneous (spatially uniform) wind fields over the whole Baltic Sea. The numerical simulations showed that the atmospheric forcing (winds) can play a significant role in shaping the renewal of bottom saline waters in the Gulf of Gdansk. Two regions of inflow/outflow of saline waters responsible for the salinity regime were located. The overall water exchange between the Gulf and the Baltic Proper as well as the exchange of saline bottom waters appear to be strongly dependent on wind conditions. The net flux of water of salinity >9 PSU is of the order of 48000-100000 m3 s-1. SE, E, S and NE winds were found to exert the greatest influence on salinity conditions in the Gulf of Gdansk. Estimates of saline (salinity >9 PSU) water residence time based on the model simulation yielded values from 46 days for SE winds to 153 days for NW winds.

17

Nodularia spumigena blooms and the occurrence of hepatotoxin in the Gulf of Gdańsk

80%

Mazur H. , Pliński M.

Oceanologia

|

2003

|

tom No. 45 (2)

305-316

EN

Nodularia spumigena forms extensive summer blooms in the Baltic Sea. The occurrence of the blooms is determined by water temperature, light intensity and nutrient concentration; levels of nitrogen and phosphorus in particular are critical. The time of the seasonal maximum and intensity of the Nodularia bloom in the Gulf of Gdansk vary significantly from year to year. In 2001 a rapid and massive proliferation of N. spumigena was observed in late June - early July. The concentration of nodularin in water ranged from 90 to 18135 žg dm-3 and in lyophilised phytoplankton samples from 3000 to 3520 žg g-1 d.w. (dry weight). Such a high concentration of toxin in the recreational waters of the Gulf of Gdansk constitutes a health risk for users of bathing areas. In 2002, the N. spumigena bloom was less dense, but lasted longer, with a maximum in late July - early August. In 2002 the concentration of nodularin did not exceed 12.6 žg dm-3 in water and 919 žg g-1 d.w. in lyophilised phytoplankton samples. Other cyanobacterial toxins - microcystins and anatoxin-a - were also detected in the coastal waters of the Gulf of Gdansk.

18

Holocene diatom biostratigraphy of the southwestern Gulf of Gdańsk, southern Baltic Sea (Part I)

80%

Witak M. , Jankowska D. , Piekarek-Jankowska H.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

|

2006

|

tom Vol. 35, No.4

307-329

EN

The aim of the study was to analyze the diatom taphocoenoses preserved in the Holocene sediments of the southwestern Gulf of Gdańsk (southern Baltic Sea). Three sediment cores collected at sites located between the tip of the Hel Peninsula and Gdynia were used to reconstruct environmental changes that have occurred over the last 9 ka. The floristic spectrum and the distribution of ecological groups indicate that the diatom flora developed during four Baltic Sea paleoecological stages; thus, the Ancylus Lake, Mastogloia Sea, Littorina Sea, and Post-Littorina Sea stages are discussed. The anthropogenic assemblage in the superficial sediments of the study area is also described.

19

The transport and distribution of the river load from the Kacza River into the Gulf of Gdańsk (Southern Baltic Sea, Poland)

80%

Szymczak E. , Rhode D. , Piekarek-Jankowska H.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

|

2011

|

tom Vol. 40, No.4

1-10

EN

The results of measurements of suspended sediment and bed load carried by the Kacza River into the Gulf of Gdańsk are discussed. The investigations were conducted in the years 2009–2010 at the Orłowo transect and at the mouth of the Kacza River in the Gulf of Gdańsk. The research has shown that the Kacza River discharged about 673 tons of sediment annually to the Gulf of Gdańsk, with 77% being transported as bed load. The granulometric composition of the river load is dominated by coarse-grained sand fractions.

20

Chaetoceros resting spores as indicators of Holocene paleoenvironmental changes in the Gulf of Gdańsk, southern Baltic Sea

80%

Witak M. , Dunder J. , Leśniewska M.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

|

2011

|

tom Vol. 40, No.4

21-29

EN

The aim of this study was to analyze resting spores of Chaetoceros spp. preserved in Middle and Late Holocene sediments of the three parts of the Gulf of Gdańsk, southern Baltic Sea. The material studied consists of ten cores retrieved from Kuźnica Deep (Puck Lagoon), as well as the shallower and deeper parts of the Outer Puck Bay region. Our results indicate that the abundance of Chaetoceros resting spores in diatom taphocoenoses corresponded to regional and local paleoecological changes registered in Mastogloia, Littorina and Post-Littorina sediments, and that they also reflect human impact in the last hundred years.