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1
Content available remote The effect of Galleria mellonella hemolymph polypeptides on Legionella gormanii
100%
Chmiel E. , Palusinska-Szysz M. , Zdybicka-Barabas A. , Cytryńska M. , Mak P.
Acta Biochimica Polonica
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2014
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tom 61
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nr 1
123-127
EN
Among Legionella species, which are recognized to be pathogenic for humans, L. gormanii is the second prevalent causative agent of community-acquired pneumonia after L. pneumophila. Anti-L. gormanii activity of Galleria mellonella hemolymph extract and apolipophorin III (apoLp-III) was examined. The extract and apoLp-III at the concentration 0.025 mg/ml caused 75% and 10% decrease of the bacteria survival rate, respectively. The apoLp-III-induced changes of the bacteria cell surface were analyzed for the first time by atomic force microscopy. Our studies demonstrated the powerful anti-Legionella effects of the insect defence polypeptides, which could be exploited in drugs design against these pathogens.
2
Content available remote Two disulphide bridges are present in juvenile hormone binding protein from Galleria mellonella.
100%
Kołodziejczyk R. , Dobryszycki P. , Ożyhar A. , Kochman M.
Acta Biochimica Polonica
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2001
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tom 48
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nr 4
917-920
EN
The hemolymph juvenile hormone binding protein (JHBP) from Galleria mellonella contains two disulphide bridges/molecule and no free Cys residues. An alignment of primary structures of other Lepidopteran JHBPs indicates that Cys residues, equivalent to Cys10,17,151,195 in G. mellonellaJHBP, may be involved in -S-S- bridge formation.
3
Content available Expression of the insect metalloproteinase inhibitor IMPI in the fat body of Galleria mellonella exposed to infection with Beauveria bassiana
100%
Vertyporokh L. , Wojda I.
Acta Biochimica Polonica
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2017
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tom 64
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nr 2
273-278
EN
The inducible metalloproteinase inhibitor (IMPI) discovered in Galleria mellonella is currently the only specific inhibitor of metalloproteinases found in animals. Its role is to inhibit the activity of metalloproteinases secreted by pathogenic organisms as virulence factors to degrade immune-relevant polypeptides of the infected host. This is a good example of an evolutionary arms race between the insect hosts and their natural pathogens. In this report, we analyze the expression of a gene encoding an inducible metalloproteinase inhibitor (IMPI) in fat bodies of the greater wax moth larvae Galleria mellonella infected with an entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. We have used a natural infection, i.e. covering larval integument with fungal aerospores, as well as injection of fungal blastospores directly into the larval hemocel. We compare the expression of IMPI with the expression of genes encoding proteins with fungicidal activity, gallerimycin and galiomycin, whose expression reflects the stimulation of Galleria mellonella defense mechanisms. Also, gene expression is analyzed in the light of survival of animals after spore injection.
4
Content available remote Occurrence of entomopathogenic nematodes Heterorhabditis megidis (Poinar, Jackson and Klein 1987) in the natural ecosystems of the Świętokrzyskie Province
89%
Matuska J. , Kamionek M.
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2008
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tom Vol. 15, nr 4-5
383-387
EN
Faunistic studies were undertaken to find out the presence of nematodes of the family Heterorhabditidae. Nematodes were isolated from soil samples in the laboratory with the method of Bedding and Akhurst (1975). Latitude and longitude of the sampling site was determined with the computer programme Gnomon. Soil originated from a tong unused meadow in the Świętokrzyskie Province. Total lead content was ana1ysed with the flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry and soil pH - potentiometrically. Heterorhabditis megidis (Poinar, Jackson and Klein, 1987) was determined based on keys for the determination of entomopathogenie nematodes. Invasiveness and same morphometrie features of all growth stages of the isolated species were analyzed.
PL
Przeprowadzono badania faunistyczne w celu stwierdzenia obecności nicieni z rodziny Heterorhabditidae. Nicienie wyizolowano z próbek glebowych warunkach laboratoryjnych, metodą Beddinga i Akhursta (1975). Długość i szerokość geograficzną stanowiska występowania gatunku oznaczono za pomocą programu komputerowego Gnomon. Gleba pochodziła z nie użytkowanej wiele lat łąki na terenie województwa świętokrzyskiego. Oznaczono całkowitą zawartość ołowiu w glebie metodą płomieniowej absorpcyjnej spektrometrii atomowej FAAS oraz odczyn gleby metodą potencjometryczną. Heterorhabditis megidis (Poinar, Jackson and Klein, 1987) oznaczono na podstawie kluczy do oznaczania gatunku nicieni entomopatogennych. Oceniono inwazyjność oraz wybrane parametry morfometryczne wszystkich stadiów rozwojowych wyizolowanego gatunku.
5
Content available Układ odpornościowy owadów w obronie integralności organizmu
89%
Wojda I. , Vertyporokh L.
Kosmos
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2017
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tom 66
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nr 4
541-551
PL
Owady zasiedlają wszystkie lądowe nisze ekologiczne. Ewolucyjny sukces osiągnęły między innymi dzięki sprawnie funkcjonującym mechanizmom obronnym. Układ odpornościowy tej gromady zwierząt oparty jest jedynie na mechanizmach wrodzonych. Składa się on z humoralnych i komórkowych odczynów, które uzupełniają się nawzajem w walce z infekcją. W pracy zwięźle przedstawiono aktualny stan wiedzy, dotyczący układu odpornościowego owadów i zwrócono uwagę na jego rolę w utrzymaniu homeostazy organizmu. Ponadto, na przykładzie barciaka większego Galleria mellonella omówiono modulację odpowiedzi immunologicznej przez zmiany temperatury otoczenia. Przedstawiono także aktualne informacje dotyczące zjawiska piętnowania immunologicznego owadów, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem barciaka większego.
EN
Insects populate all ecological land niches. Their evolutionary successes have been achieved thanks to well-functioning defense mechanisms. The immune system of this group of animals is based only on innate immunity mechanisms. It consists of humoral and cellular reactions that complement each other in the fight against infection. The paper briefly summarizes the state of the art of insect immune system and highlights its role in maintaining homeostasis of the organism. In addition, the modulation of immune response by changes in ambient temperature is described taking an example of a greater wax moth Galleria mellonella. Additionally, the current information concerning priming of insect immune system is presented with special emphasis on the greater wax moth.
6
Content available remote The involvement of protein kinase A in the immune response of Galleria mellonella larvae to bacteria
88%
Cytryńska M. , Zdybicka-Barabas A. , Jakubowicz T.
Acta Biochimica Polonica
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2007
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tom 54
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nr 1
167-174
EN
The role of protein kinase A (PKA) in the humoral immune response of the greater wax moth Galleria mellonella larvae to live Gram-positive bacteria Micrococcus lysodeikticus and Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli was investigated. The immune challenge of larvae with both kinds of bacteria caused an increase in fat body PKA activity depending on the injected bacteria. Gram-positive M. lysodeikticus was a much better inducer of the enzyme activity than Gram-negative E. coli. The PKA activity was increased about 2.5-fold and 1.5-fold, after M. lysodeikticus and E. coli injection, respectively. The in vivo inhibition of the enzyme activity by a cell permeable selective PKA inhibitor, Rp-8-Br-cAMPS, was correlated with considerable changes of fat body lysozyme content and hemolymph antimicrobial activity in bacteria-challenged insects. The kinetics of changes were different and dependent on the bacteria used for the immune challenge of G. mellonella larvae.
7
Content available remote Activation of MAP kinase pathways in Galleria mellonella infected with Bacillus thuringiensis
75%
Wojda I. , Koperwas K. , Jakubowicz T.
Acta Biochimica Polonica
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2014
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tom 61
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nr 1
185-189
EN
We followed changes in the level of phospho-MAP kinases in the greater wax moth Galleria mellonella after infection with Bacillus thuringiensis. We observed an enhanced level of phosphorylated p38 and JNK in fat bodies of the infected larvae. In hemocytes, injection of B. thuringiensis caused the highest increase in phospho-JNK, however, all pathways were activated after aseptic injection. We report that Galleria mellonella larvae exposed to heat shock before infection showed an enhanced level of phosphorylated JNK in fat body. This finding is relevant in the light of our previous reports, which submit evidence that pre-shocked animals are more resistant to infection.
8
Effects of azadirachtin on entomopathogenic nematodes, Steinernema feltiae [Filipjev]
75%
Ignatowicz S. , Pezowicz E. , Kamionek M.
Pestycydy
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1996
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nr 2
17-21
9
Content available remote Temperature-dependent regulatory mechanism of larval development of the wax moth (Galleria mellonella).
75%
Cymborowski B.
Acta Biochimica Polonica
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2000
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tom 47
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nr 1
215-221
EN
The mechanisms underlying larval diapause in the wax moth (Galleria mellonella) is one of the most throughly studied aspects. At the low temperature of 18°C, the last instar larvae did not pupate but transferred to 30°C they initiated development and pupation in a circadian manner. Different types of surgical manipulations including head-ligation, nerve cord-severance, implantation of the brain, prothoracic glands, accompanied with ecdysteroid titre measurements indicated that diapausing arrest of larval development at 18°C might be due to the nervous inhibition of their prothoracic glands.
10
Content available remote Effect of lead nitrate [Pb(NO3)2] on development of the Heterorhabditis megidis (Poinar, Jackson and Klein 1987) nematode inside the host body
71%
Matuska J. , Kamionek M.
|
2008
|
tom Vol. 15, nr 1-2
89-92
EN
Performed studies allowed for understanding the effect of lead from the host's food on Heterorhabditis megidis. Wax was contaminated with lead ions in various concentrations and red to larvae of Galleria mellonella. After 5 days the insects were infected by invasive larvae of nematodes at a dose of 50 larvae per insect. Intensity and extensity of invasion, the number of alive and dead larvae of the third growth stage in host body before migration outside and survival of invasive larvae in the external habitat after leaving the dead insect were studied. It was shown that lead contained in caterpillars' food markedly affected growth and viability of nematodes. Performed studies demonstrate that the number and fertility of hermaphroditic forms decrease with increasing concentrations of lead ions which is reflected in overall decline of H. megidis population.
PL
Przeprowadzone badania pozwoliły poznać wpływ ołowiu zawartego w pokarmie żywiciela na Heterorhabditis megidis. Woszczynę skażono różnymi stężeniami jonów Pb2+ i karmiono nią larwy Galleria mellonella. Po 5 dniach owady porażano larwami inwazyjnymi nicieni w dawce 50 larw na l owada. Zbadano intensywność i ekstensywność inwazji, liczbę żywych i martwych larw trzeciego stadium znajdujących się w ciele żywiciela przed migracją do środowiska zewnętrznego oraz przeżywalność larw inwazyjnych w środowisku zewnętrznym po opuszczeniu ciała martwego owada. Wykazano, iż ołów zawarty w pokarmie gąsienic wyraźnie wpływa na rozwój i żywotność nicieni. Przeprowadzone badania dowodzą, iż liczebność i płodność form hermafrodytycznych ulega obniżeniu wraz ze wzrostem stężenia jonów ołowiu, co odbija się na ogólnym zmniejszeniu populacji H. megidis.
11
Wrazliwosc gasienic barciaka wiekszego [Galleria mellonella L.] na biopreparaty oparte na zarodnikach Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner
63%
Szczepanik M.
Pszczelnicze Zeszyty Naukowe
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1993
|
tom 37
161-169
12
Bactericidal activity of haemolymph and cecropin-like proteins in pesticide poisoned insects
51%
Pasztaleniec A.
|
|
tom 05
|
nr 2
149-158
13
Temperature requirements of four entomopathogenic fungi
51%
Mietkiewski R. , Tkaczuk C. , Zurek M. , Geest L. P. S.
|
|
nr 1
109-120
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